1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 10及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twic
2、e. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 Who is most likely to get hooke
3、d in Internet? 7 The percentage of women who think the Internet leads to less sleep is _ in the study. 8 Some Internet addicts said their on-line usage was _. 9 According to the man, which room is the best place to put the computer? 10 The best way to avoid getting hooked in Internet is _. PART C Di
4、rections: You will hear three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each questi
5、on. You will hear each piece ONLY ONCE. 11 How many people applied but didnt run the race? （ A） 16,000. （ B） 10,000. （ C） 67,000. （ D） 54,000. 12 Which of the following is NOT tree? （ A） Most competitors did not finish the race within two hours. （ B） Most competitors were interested in the race. （ C
6、） Most competitors were trying to run as fast as they could. （ D） Most competitors wanted to know if they could run 26 miles. 13 Where did one of the runners fall down? （ A） 50 meters from the end. （ B） 15 meters from the end. （ C） 10 meters from the end. （ D） 5 meters from the end. 14 Which of the
7、following is covered in BCD International programs? （ A） Interviews with radio producers. （ B） A large variety of pop songs. （ C） News from the music library. （ D） Stories about the good old days. 15 Which program gives us the ideas behind the pop songs? （ A） The History of Pop. （ B） The Road to Mus
8、ic. （ C） Pop Words. （ D） About the Big Hits. 16 For native speakers understanding English pop songs is （ A） effortless. （ B） impossible. （ C） difficult. （ D） unnecessary. 17 Whats the main topic of this passage? （ A） Its about the tests of a new airliner before its flying. （ B） Its about how to prot
9、ect a new airliner. （ C） Its about how to train a new pilot. （ D） Its about what the airliner engineers should do. 18 Why air must be pumped into the plane? （ A） Because without air the plane cant fly. （ B） Because the plane needs air for its fuel. （ C） Because the passengers lives depend on air. （
10、D） Because the passengers have paid for it. 19 What would happen if a small part of the plane were to crack? （ A） The plane would not go forward. （ B） The plane would explode. （ C） The plane would fall down. （ D） The plane would fly slowly. 20 For what purpose does the pilot shut off all the engines
11、? （ A） To find out exactly what happens. （ B） To save fuel. （ C） To fly more slowly. （ D） To keep balance. 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 21 In recent years a new far
12、ming revolution has begun, one that involves the 【 21】_ of life at a fundamental level the gene. The study of genetics has 【 22】_ a new industry called biotechnology. As the name suggests, it 【 23】 _ biology and modem technology through such techniques as genetic engineering. Some of the new biotech
13、 companies specialize 【 24】 _ agriculture and are working feverishly to duplicate seeds that give a high yield, that 【 25】 _ diseases, drought and frost, and that reduce the need for 【 26】 _ chemicals. 【 27】 _ such goals could be achieved, it would be most beneficial. But some have raised concerns a
14、bout genetically engineered crops. In nature, genetic diversity is created within certain space. A rose 【 28】 _ be crossed with a different kind of rose, but a rose will never cross with a potato. Genetic engineering, 【 29】 _ , usually involves taking genes from one species and inserting them into 【
15、 30】 _ in an attempt to transfer a desired characteristic. This could mean, 【 31】 _ , selecting a gene which leads to the production of a chemical with anti-freeze quality from an arctic fish, and inserting 【 32】 _ into a potato or strawberry to make it frost-resistant. In essence, then, biotechnolo
16、gy allows humans to 【 33】 _ the genetic walls that separate species. Like the green revolution, 【 34】 _ some call the gene revolution contributes to the problem of genetic uniformity some say even more so that geneticists can employ techniques 【 35】 _ as cloning and 【 36】 _ culture, processes that p
17、roduce perfectly 【 37】 _ copies. Concerns about the erosion of biodiversity, therefore, 【 38】 _ . Genetically altered plants, however, raise new issues, such as the effects that they may have 【 39】 _ us and the environment. “We are flying blindly into a new era of agricultural biotechnology with hig
18、h hopes, few constraints, and 【 40】_ idea of the potential outcomes,“ said science writer Jeremy Rifkin. 21 【 21】 （ A） manipulation （ B） management （ C） manufacture （ D） maturity 22 【 22】 （ A） got along with （ B） given rise to （ C） come up with （ D） lived up to 23 【 23】 （ A） broods （ B） breeds （ C）
19、blends （ D） blasts 24 【 24】 （ A） on （ B） by （ C） in （ D） at 25 【 25】 （ A） to resist （ B） resist （ C） resisting （ D） resisted 26 【 26】 （ A） hostile （ B） hydraulic （ C） hazardous （ D） harmless 27 【 27】 （ A） If （ B） However （ C） That （ D） Unless 28 【 28】 （ A） may （ B） need （ C） can （ D） must 29 【 29】 （
20、 A） after all （ B） on the other hand （ C） in any case （ D） as a result 30 【 30】 （ A） other （ B） the other （ C） another （ D） the another 31 【 31】 （ A） for example （ B） that is （ C） as we know （ D） and so on 32 【 32】 （ A） it （ B） them （ C） which （ D） its 33 【 33】 （ A） brake （ B） blaze （ C） breach （ D）
21、 brand 34 【 34】 （ A） what （ B） as （ C） where （ D） so 35 【 35】 （ A） such （ B） just （ C） so （ D） that 36 【 36】 （ A） skin （ B） tissue （ C） organ （ D） muscle 37 【 37】 （ A） resembling （ B） alike （ C） similar （ D） identical 38 【 38】 （ A） remain （ B） remains （ C） is remaining （ D） remained 39 【 39】 （ A） fo
22、r （ B） on （ C） to （ D） at 40 【 40】 （ A） much （ B） many （ C） little （ D） no Part B Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 41 Some people ought to defend the workaholic. These people are unjustly a
23、ccused, abused, and defamed - often termed sick or morbid or on the border of pathology. About 30% of American business and commerce is carried on the shoulders of workaholics. The ratio might exist in art and science too. Workaholics are the achievers, the excelers. There is a national conspiracy a
24、gainst excellence and undue admiration of commonness and mediocrity. It is as if we are against those who make uncommon sacrifices because they enjoy doing something. Some famous psychologists say that the workaholic has an inferiority complex which leads to overcompensation. This is certainly not t
25、he case. Inferiority, or low esteem, describes laziness more accurately than it describes dedication. We do not seem to realize that very little excellence is achieved by living a well-balanced life. Edison, Ford, Einstein, Freud all had single-minded devotion to work whereby they sacrificed many th
26、ings, including family and friendship. The accusation is made that workaholics bear guilt by not being good parents or spouses. But guilt can exist in the balanced life also. Think how many “normal“ people and middle-ages who have never done anything well - they are going to settle for less than wha
27、t they could have become. 41 From this passage we know that workaholic is a term referring to those （ A） who enjoy work more than anything else. （ B） who make greater contributions than others. （ C） who make uncommon sacrifice in their personal life. （ D） All of the above. 42 The authors main concer
28、n in this passage is to （ A） point out the role the workaholic plays in the American economy. （ B） defend people who are addicted to work. （ C） encourage us not to worry about our imperfection. （ D） consider the difficulties that confront us at middle-age. 43 The author of the passage would most lik
29、ely agree that the workaholic （ A） is mentally ill. （ B） performs an insignificant proportion of American business. （ C） will not have the regrets that many “normal“ people face at middle-age. （ D） suffers from low self-esteem. 44 According to this passage, （ A） Freud led a well-balanced life. （ B）
30、workaholics can be helped. （ C） workaholics should be admired. （ D） so-called “normal“ people are truly the sick people among us. 45 According to the author, one can hardly achieve excellence unless one （ A） lives an abnormal life. （ B） sacrifices friendship and family. （ C） has total devotion to wo
31、rk. （ D） ignores popular opinions. 46 In the 18th century, New York was smaller than Philadelphia and Boston. Today it is the largest city in America. How to explain the change in its size and importance? To answer this question we must consider certain facts about geography, history and economies.
32、Together these three will explain the huge growth of Americas most famous city. The map of the Northeast shows that four of the most heavily-populated areas in this region are around seaports. At these points materials from across the sea enter America, and the products of the land are sent there fo
33、r export across the sea. Economists know that places where transportation lines meet are good places for making raw materials into completed goods. That is why seaports often have cities nearby. But cities like New York needed more than their geographical location in order to become great industrial
34、 centers. Their development did not happen simply by chance. About 1815, when many Americans from the east coast had already moved to the west, trade routes from the ports to the central regions of the country began to be a serious problem. The slow wagons of that time, drawn by horses or oxen, were
35、 too expensive for moving heavy freight very far. Americans had long admired Europes canals. In New York State a canal seemed the best solution to the transportation problem. From the eastern end of Lake Erie all the way across the state to the Hudson River there is a long trip of low land. Here the
36、 Erie Canal was constructed. After working for several years it was completed in 1825. The canal produced an immediate effect. Freight costs were cut to about one-tenth of what they had been. New York City, which had been smaller than Philadelphia and Boston, quickly became the leading city of the c
37、oast. In later years, transportation routes on the Great Lakes were joined to routes on the Mississippi River. Then New York City became the end point of a great inland shipping system that extended from the Atlantic Ocean far up the western branches of the Mississippi. The new railroads made canal
38、shipping not as important as before, but it tied New York even more closely to the central regions of the country. It was easier for people in the central states to ship their goods to New York for export overseas. Exports from New York were greater than imports. Consequently, shipping companies wer
39、e eager to fill their ships with passengers on the return trip from Europe. Passengers could come from Europe very cheaply as a result. Thus New York became the greatest port for receiving people from European countries. Many of them remained in the city. Others stayed in New York for a few weeks, m
40、onths, or years, and then moved to other parts of the United States. For these great numbers of new Americans, New York had to provide homes, goods, and services. Their labor helped the city become great. 46 Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? （ A） The Development of Transp
41、ortation in New York. （ B） Exports and Imports of New York. （ C） How New York Became Americas Largest City? （ D） How New York Exchanged with Europe? 47 Which of the following respects does NOT help New York become the most famous city? （ A） Culture. （ B） History. （ C） Economics. （ D） Geographical lo
42、cation. 48 Which of the following statements is TRUE? （ A） The Erie Canal connected Lake Erie and the Hudson River. （ B） Economists are of the opinion that places where farming is done are good for making raw materials into finished goods. （ C） Wagons drawn by horses and oxen soon proved to be bette
43、r and cheaper than canal transportation. （ D） The coming of the railroads caused New York to become less important as a shipping center. 49 Freight costs were reduced to 10% of what they had been because of （ A） the decline in taxes. （ B） the construction of the railroads. （ C） the construction of t
44、he Erie Canal. （ D） the development of industry. 50 Why were passengers from Europe able to travel to New York so cheaply? （ A） Because the ships were little crowded on the trip back to New York. （ B） Because shipping companies were eager to fill their ships with passengers on the return trip from E
45、urope. （ C） Because the shipping companies wanted to develop travelling industry in New York. （ D） Because few Europeans longed to visit New York. 51 In Anglo-America there are three major ethnic groups. The first is the original Indian population, who today represents a minority group. The second i
46、s the descendants of European colonists who emigrated to the two countries before the end of the nineteenth century. These majority populations normally speak English, are highly-educated, and most of them are culturally homogeneous (同类的 ) in broad cultural values. A third group is made up of ethnic
47、 minorities, from Asia, Latin America, Africa, or parts of Europe who have either linguistic, religious, racial, or other cultural attributes that distinguish them from the majority population. The United States has a varied ethnic minority pattern, without the dominance of one minority group in a s
48、pecific geographical area. The largest ethnic group in America is the blacks, totaling an estimated 26 million in 1980, or 12 percent of the population. Unlike the French, the black population of the United States is not culturally and geographically isolated in one area. Slightly more than half of
49、American blacks live in the South, and 49 percent reside in the East and the West. The black American speaks English, has a tendency to share, the characteristics of competition, materialism, and individualism with other United States citizens, and has no distinctive religion. The Spanish-speaking minority in America is reluctant to adopt the values of the dominant cultural group. There is increasingly a demand for bilingual (双语的 ) education to allow Sp
