1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 129及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twi
2、ce. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 I took a taxi to Waterloo stat
3、ion in order to get the _. 7 Unfortunately the taxi got stuck in _. 8 The man sitting opposite me looked like a _. 9 When the man hurried out of ale buffet, I felt _. 10 On the table, where my newspaper had been, was my _. PART C Directions: You will hear three dialogues or monologues. Before listen
4、ing to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear each piece ONLY ONCE. 11 According to the speaker,
5、 who originated the idea of the public park? （ A） Several explorers. （ B） Representatives of Congress. （ C） President Grant. （ D） A group of animal lovers. 12 What does the speaker say about Yellow Stone national park? （ A） It was the first region explored by pioneers. （ B） It was the first national
6、 park. （ C） It is not accessible to everyone. （ D） It is not managed by the National Park Service. 13 According to the speaker, what is one of the duties of a park ranger? （ A） To build fires. （ B） To conduct scientific studies. （ C） To train other staff members. （ D） To guide nature walks. 14 How m
7、any people get married in June each year in the United States? （ A） About five million. （ B） About two and a half million. （ C） About one point eight million. （ D） About six hundred and twenty-five thousand. 15 How long do most people wait to hold their wedding ceremony after they decide to marry? （
8、 A） About one month. （ B） About half a year. （ C） About one year. （ D） About three months. 16 Which of the following is true about the weddings in the Nineteen-Sixties and Seventies? （ A） They wrote their own books to mark their wedding ceremonies. （ B） They didnt wear special clothes or went even w
9、ithout shoes. （ C） They had their wedding ceremonies in a church or a law office. （ D） They spent their honeymoons on a sandy beach or on a mountainside. 17 What is the most important thing in public speaking? （ A） Confidence. （ B） Preparation. （ C） Informativeness. （ D） Organization. 18 What does t
10、he speaker advise us to do to capture the audiences attention （ A） Gather abundant data. （ B） Organize the idea logically. （ C） Develop a great opening. （ D） Select appropriate material. 19 If you dont start working for the presentation until the day before, you will feel （ A） uneasy. （ B） uncertain
11、. （ C） frustrated. （ D） depressed. 20 Who is this speech, most probably meant for? （ A） Those interested in the power of persuasion. （ B） Those trying to improve their public image. （ C） Those planning to take up some public work. （ D） Those eager to become effective speakers. 一、 Section II Use of E
12、nglish (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 A land free from destruction, plus wealth, natural resources, and labor supply all these were important 【 21】 _ in helping England to become the center fo
13、r the Industrial Revolution. 【 22】 _ they were not enough. Something 【 23】_ was needed to start the industrial process. That “something special“ was men, 【 24】 _ individuals who could invent machines, find new 【 25】 _ of power, and establish business organizations to reshape society. The men who 【 2
14、6】 _ the machines of the Industrial Revolution 【 27】_ from many backgrounds and many occupations. Many of them were 【 28】_ inventors than scientists. A man who is a 【 29】 _ scientist is primarily interested in doing his research 【 30】 _ . He is not necessarily working 【 31】 _ that his findings can b
15、e used. An inventor or one interested in applied science is 【 32】 _ trying to make something that has a concrete 【 33】 _ . He may try to solve a problem by using the theories 【 34】 _ science or by experiencing through trail and error. Regardless of his method, he is working to obtain a 【 35】 _ resul
16、t: the construction of a harvesting machine, the burning of a tight bulb, or one of 【 36】_ other objectives. Most of the people who 【 37】 _ the machines of the Industrial Revolution were inventors, not trained scientists. A few were both scientists and inventors. Even those who had 【 38】 _ or no tra
17、ining in science might not have made their inventions 【 39】 _ a groundwork had not been laid by scientists years 【 40】_ . 21 【 21】 （ A） cases （ B） reasons （ C） factors （ D） situations 22 【 22】 （ A） But （ B） And （ C） Besides （ D） Even 23 【 23】 （ A） else （ B） near （ C） extra （ D） similar 24 【 24】 （ A）
18、 generating （ B） effective （ C） motivating （ D） creative 25 【 25】 （ A） origins （ B） sources （ C） bases （ D） discoveries 26 【 26】 （ A） employed （ B） created （ C） operated （ D） controlled 27 【 27】 （ A） came （ B） arrived （ C） stemmed （ D） appeared 28 【 28】 （ A） less （ B） better （ C） more （ D） worse 29
19、【 29】 （ A） genuine （ B） practical （ C） pure （ D） clever 30 【 30】 （ A） happily （ B） occasionally （ C） reluctantly （ D） accurately 31 【 31】 （ A） now （ B） and （ C） all （ D） so 32 【 32】 （ A） seldom （ B） sometimes （ C） usually （ D） never 33 【 33】 （ A） plan （ B） use （ C） idea （ D） means 34 【 34】 （ A） of （
20、 B） with （ C） to （ D） as 35 【 35】 （ A） single （ B） sole （ C） specialized （ D） specific 36 【 36】 （ A） few （ B） those （ C） many （ D） all 37 【 37】 （ A） proposed （ B） developed （ C） supplied （ D） offered 38 【 38】 （ A） little （ B） much （ C） some （ D） any 39 【 39】 （ A） as （ B） if （ C） because （ D） while 4
21、0 【 40】 （ A） ago （ B） past （ C） ahead （ D） before Part B Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 40 The health-care economy is filled with unusual and even unique economic relationships. One of th
22、e least understood involves the peculiar roles of producer of “provider“ and purchaser of “consumer“ in the typical doctor-patient relationship. In most sectors of the economy, it is the seller who attempts to attract a potential buyer with various inducements of price, quality, and utility, and it
23、is the buyer who makes the decision. Such condition, however, does not prevail in most of the health-care industry. In the health-care industry, the doctor-patient relationship is the mirror image of the ordinary relationship between producer and consumer. Once an individual has chosen to see a phys
24、ician and even then there may be no real choice it is the physician who usually makes all significant purchasing decisions: whether the patient should return “next Wednesday“, whether X-rays are needed, whether drugs should be prescribed, etc. It is a rare and sophisticated patient who will challeng
25、e such professional decisions or raise in advance questions about price, especially when the disease is regarded as serious. This is particularly significant in relation to hospital care. The physician must certify the need for hospitalization, determine what procedures will be performed, and announ
26、ce when the patient may be discharged. The patient may be consulted about some of these decisions, but it is the doctors judgments that are final. Little wonder then that in the eyes of the hospital it is the physician who is the real “consumer“. As a consequence, the medical staff represents the “p
27、ower center“ in hospital policy and decision-making, not the administration. Although usually there are in this situation four identifiable participants the hospital, the physician, the patient, and the payer (generally an insurance carder or government )the physician makes the essential for all of
28、them. The hospital becomes an extension of the physician; the payer generally meets most of the bills generated by the physician / hospital, and for the most part the patient plays a passive role. We estimate that about 75-80 percent of health-care expenditures are determined, by physicians, not pat
29、ients. For this reason, economy directed at patients or the general are relatively ineffective. 41 The authors primary purpose is to （ A） criticize doctors for exercising too much control over patients. （ B） analyze some important economic factors in health-care. （ C） urge hospitals to reclaim their
30、 decision-making authority. （ D） inform potential patients of their health-care rights. 42 It can be inferred that doctors are able to determine hospital policies because （ A） it is doctors who generate income for the hospital. （ B） most of patients bills are paid by his health insurance. （ C） a doc
31、tor is ultimately responsible for a patients health. （ D） some patients might refuse to accept their physicians advice. 43 According to the author, when a doctor tells a patient to “return next Wednesday“, the doctor is in fact （ A） instructing the patient to buy more medical services. （ B） warning
32、the patient that a hospital stay might be necessary. （ C） advising the patient to seek a second opinion. （ D） admitting that the initial visit was ineffective. 44 The passage is most probably leading up to （ A） a proposal to control medical costs. （ B） a discussion of a new medical treatment. （ C） a
33、n analysis of the cause of the conflicts between physician and patients. （ D） a study of lawsuits against doctors for malpractice. 45 With which of the following statements would the author be likely to agree? （ A） Few patients are reluctant to object to the course of the treatment prescribed by a d
34、octor or to question the cost of the services. （ B） The more serious the illness of a patient, the less likely it is that the patient will object to the course of treatment prescribed or to question the cost of services. （ C） The payer, whether insurance carrier or the government, is less likely to
35、acquiesce to demands for payment when the illness of the patient is regarded as serious. （ D） The payer makes the final decision as to whether the patient should receive expensive treatment. 45 Everybody loathes it, but everybody does it. A recent poll showed that 40% of Americans hate the practice.
36、 It seems so arbitrary, after all. Why does a barman get a tip, but not a doctor who saves lives? In America alone, tipping is now a 16 billion-a-year industry. Consumers acting rationally ought not to pay more than they have to for a given service. Tips should not exist. So why do they? The convent
37、ional wisdom is that tips both reward the efforts of good service and reduce uncomfortable feelings of inequality. The better the service, the bigger the tip. Such explanations no doubt explain the purported origin of tipping in the 16th century, boxes in English taverns carried the phrase “To Insur
38、e Promptitude“ (later just “TIP“). But according to new research from Cornell University, tipping no longer serves any useful function. The paper analyses data from 2,547 groups dining at 20 different restaurants. The correlation between larger tips and better service was very weak: only a tiny part
39、 of the variability in the size of the tip had anything to do with the quality of service. Customers who rated a meal as “excellent“ still tipped anywhere between 8% and 37% of the meal price. Tipping is better explained by culture than by economics. In America, the custom has become institutionaliz
40、ed: it is regarded as part of the accepted cost of a service. In a New York restaurant, failing to tip at least 15% could well mean abuse from the waiter. Hairdressers can expect to get 15-20%, the man who delivers your groceries 2. In Europe, tipping is less common; in many restaurants, discretiona
41、ry tipping is being replaced by a standard service charge. In many Asian countries, tipping has never really caught on at all. How to account for these national differences? Look no further than psychology. According to Michael Lynn, the Cornell papers co-author, countries in which people are more e
42、xtrovert, sociable or neurotic tend to tip more. Tipping relieves anxiety about being served by strangers. And, says Mr. Lynn, “In America, where people are outgoing and expressive, tipping is about social approval. If you tip badly, people think less of you. Tipping well is a chance to show off.“ I
43、celanders, by contrast, do not usually tip a measure of their introversion, no doubt. While such explanations may be crude, the hard truth seems to be that tipping does not work. It does not benefit the customer. Nor, in the case of restaurants, does it actually stimulate the waiter, or help the res
44、taurant manager to monitor and assess his staff. Service people should “just be paid a decent wage“ which may actually make economic sense. 46 Which is tree according to the passage? （ A） It is regulated that the customers must pay a tip if they want to get good service. （ B） There exists the tippin
45、g custom in each country. （ C） In some countries, tipping has become an industry. （ D） More and more people are in favor of tipping. 47 What can we know about the origin of “tip“? （ A） It originated from the English inn service. （ B） The original purpose of tip was to ensure that waiter could get mo
46、re money. （ C） The waiter threatened the customers with bad service if no tips were given. （ D） It originated in a small English village. 48 We can get the information from the article that （ A） tipping is very popular in European countries. （ B） in Asian countries tipping never existed. （ C） tippin
47、g is more popular in America than in Europe. （ D） tipping is popular in America because the Americans are much richer. 49 People who dine in a New York restaurant （ A） are not expected to give any tip to the waiter or waitress. （ B） had better tip more than 15% so as not to be shamed. （ C） may be lo
48、oked down upon when offering a considerable tip. （ D） are thought of as generous if they tip 15%. 50 The author thinks that （ A） tipping can benefit greatly a countrys economic growth. （ B） tipping can ensure the quality of service a customer receives. （ C） tipping can improve a countrys cultural en
49、vironment. （ D） tipping is not conductive tertiary industry. 50 A fathers relationship to his childs current and future academic success and file level of his or her development in academic potential and scholastic achievement are both factors with some rather interesting implications that educators are beginning to study and appraise. As a matter of fact, “life with father“ has been discovered to be a very importan
