1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 138及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twi
2、ce. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 What is the main task of the U
3、nited Nations Population Fund? 7 How many people are there in the world today? 8 Whats the percentage of the population growth of the 49 least developed countries in 50 years? 9 Who will do more harm to the environment, the developing countries or the developed countries? 10 Who should be given more
4、 power in older to have slower population growth? PART C Directions: You will hear three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, y
5、ou will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear each piece ONLY ONCE. 11 How does the man feel? （ A） Sick. （ B） Dizzy. （ C） Exhausted and weak. （ D） Painful. 12 What happened to the man four years ago? （ A） He had a minor operation. （ B） He had pneumonia. （ C） He had a c
6、ar accident. （ D） He had long aftereffects. 13 What seems to be the problem with the man? （ A） He overworks. （ B） He has a cold. （ C） He does not stay at home often enough. （ D） The work he does. 14 Which of the following is true about the Internet according to the talk? （ A） The Internet is differe
7、nt from television in which its more convenient. （ B） The Internet may greatly affect the ways of college education and business. （ C） The Internet is the cheapest way of communication with other people. （ D） The Internet is composed of many computers. 15 What is the most common type of computer net
8、work used in companies? （ A） The databases of information. （ B） The public access networks. （ C） The super computer networks. （ D） Intranets. 16 According to the talk, the Internet has grown in _. （ A） the amount of information available on it （ B） the number of Internet societies （ C） the profit it
9、 makes （ D） the number of networks 17 Why was the old lady on her hands and knees in the middle of the road? （ A） She was run over by a car. （ B） She was shocked to see a car crashing into another. （ C） She fell when crossing the road. （ D） She was looking for her false tooth. 18 The mother said, “I
10、 havent the faintest idea.“ What does that mean? （ A） I dont know what to do. （ B） I havent found any idea. （ C） I have no plan. （ D） I dont know at all. 19 What can we learn about the old lady? （ A） She couldnt see clearly. （ B） She couldnt walk. （ C） She couldnt hear. （ D） She couldnt speak. 20 Wh
11、at would have happened to Lyn if there hadnt been a witness? （ A） She would have been caught. （ B） She would have been fined. （ C） She would have been let go. （ D） She would have been run over. 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word for ea
12、ch numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 Although 【 21】 _ circuits made computers smaller, the processing units still consisted 【 22】 _ a number of circuits on separate chips. In 1971, an engineer working for Intel realized that a 【 23】 _ of circuits commissioned for an electron
13、ic calculator could all be put 【 24】 _ one chip, and that the resulting device could be used 【 25】 _ a general-purpose “computer on a chip“. The result was the Intel 4004 - the worlds first microprocessor. Physically, it consisted of a silicon chip in a protective ceramic capsule, with a set of meta
14、l pins sticking 【 26】_ that connected it to other components in whatever 【 27】 _ it controlled. It 【 28】 _ 2,300 transistors, 【 29】 _ 60,000 operations per second, and could be used for any device - including computers and robots - that required a “brain“ for accepting 【 30】 _ and following a progra
15、m of 【 31】 _ to produce an output. Within five years, many very powerful microprocessors had 【 32】_ .The invention of microprocessors 【 33】 _ the stage for the arrival of the microcomputer, or personal computer (PC)- an affordable machine for 【 34】_ The first PCs, in kit form, appeared in the mid 19
16、70s, and by the mid-1980s machines such as the Apple Macintosh and those based 【 35】 _ a PC first 【 36】 _ by IBM in 1981 were popular throughout the world. The success of these machines led to an explosion of software, in 【 37】 _ a range of spreadsheet, word-processing, graphic, educational, and gam
17、es programs. Since the 1980s, a number of strong-intertwined themes have 【 38】 _ the computer revolution forward, including a continuing increase in the processing power and decrease in the size and cost of PCs; a switch of emphasis from 【 39】 _ to linked machines, as evidenced by the growth of loca
18、l area networks and the Internet; and the spread of computer applications into virtually every 【 40】 _ of home and business life. 21 【 21】 （ A） integral （ B） comprehensive （ C） integrated （ D） general 22 【 22】 （ A） of （ B） in （ C） on （ D） / 23 【 23】 （ A） suit （ B） number （ C） lot （ D） set 24 【 24】 （
19、 A） in （ B） onto （ C） as （ D） at 25 【 25】 （ A） for （ B） as （ C） on （ D） to 26 【 26】 （ A） in （ B） to （ C） out （ D） on 27 【 27】 （ A） device （ B） appliance （ C） apparatus （ D） tool 28 【 28】 （ A） consisted （ B） contained （ C） covered （ D） made of 29 【 29】 （ A） executed （ B） carried （ C） took （ D） put 30
20、 【 30】 （ A） output （ B） input （ C） inlet （ D） outlet 31 【 31】 （ A） suggestion （ B） suggestions （ C） instruction （ D） instructions 32 【 32】 （ A） happened （ B） occurred （ C） appeared （ D） shown 33 【 33】 （ A） put （ B） set （ C） take （ D） bring 34 【 34】 （ A） the masses （ B） the rich （ C） the poor （ D） th
21、e grass root 35 【 35】 （ A） in （ B） on （ C） of （ D） to 36 【 36】 （ A） brought out （ B） brought up （ C） brought in （ D） brought down 37 【 37】 （ A） part （ B） particular （ C） especially （ D） special 38 【 38】 （ A） drive （ B） drove （ C） driven （ D） drived 39 【 39】 （ A） isolated （ B） integral （ C） connected
22、 （ D） related 40 【 40】 （ A） level （ B） surface （ C） aspects （ D） aspect Part B Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 40 The period of adolescence, i.e. , the period between childhood and adultho
23、od, may be long or short, depending on social expectations and on societys definition as to what constitutes maturity and adulthood. In primitive societies adolescence is frequently a relatively short period of time, while in industrial societies with patterns of prolonged education coupled with law
24、s against child labor, the period of adolescence is much longer and may include most of the second decade of ones life. Furthermore, the length of the adolescent period and the definition of adulthood status may change in a given society as social and economic conditions change. Examples of this typ
25、e of change are the disappearance of the frontier in the latter part of the 19th century in the United States, and more universally, the industrialization of an agricultural society. In modern society, ceremonies for adolescence have lost their formal recognition and symbolic significance and there
26、no longer is agreement as to what constitutes initiation ceremonies. Social ones have been replaced by a sequence of steps that lead to increased recognition and social status. For example, grade school graduation, high school graduation and college graduation constitute such a sequence, and while e
27、ach step implies certain behavioral changes and social recognition, the significance of each depends on the socio-economic status and the educational ambition of the individual. Ceremonies for adolescence have also been replaced by legal definitions of status roles, rights, privileges and responsibi
28、lities. It is during the nine years from the twelfth birthday to the twenty-first that the protective and restrictive aspects of childhood and minor status are removed and adult privileges and responsibilities are granted. The twelve-year-old is no longer considered a child and has to pay full fare
29、for train, airplane, theater and movie tickets. Basically, the individual at this age loses childhood privileges without gaining significant adult rights. At the age of sixteen the adolescent is granted certain adult rights which increases his social status by providing him with more freedom and cho
30、ices. He now can obtain a drivers license; he can leave public schools; and he can work without the restrictions of child labor laws. At the age of eighteen the law provides adult responsibilities as well as rights; the young man can now be a soldier, but he also can marry without parental permissio
31、n. At the age of twenty-one the individual obtains his full legal rights as an adult. He now can vote, he can buy liquor, he can enter into financial contracts, and he is entitled to run for public office. No additional basic rights are acquired as a function of age alter majority status has been at
32、tained. None of these legal provisions determine at what point adulthood has been reached but they do point to the prolonged period of adolescence. 41 The period of adolescence is much longer in industrial societies because _. （ A） the definition of maturity has changed （ B） the industrialized socie
33、ty is more developed （ C） more education is provided and laws against child labor are made （ D） ceremonies for adolescence have lost their formal recognition and symbolic significance 42 Former social ceremonies that used to mark adolescence have given place to （ A） graduations from schools and coll
34、eges （ B） social recognition （ C） socio-economic status （ D） certain behavioral changes 43 No one can expect to fully enjoy the adulthood privileges until he is （ A） eleven years old （ B） sixteen years old （ C） twenty-one years old （ D） between twelve and twenty-one years old 44 Starting from 22 _.
35、（ A） one will obtain more basic rights （ B） the older one becomes, the more basic rights he will have （ C） one wont get more basic rights than when he is 21 （ D） one will enjoy more rights granted by society 45 According to the passage, it is TRUE that _. （ A） in the late 19th century in the United
36、States the dividing line between adolescence and adulthood no longer existed （ B） no one can marry without the permission of his parents until the age of twenty-one （ C） one is considered to have reached adulthood when he has a drivers license （ D） one is not free form the restrictions of child labo
37、r laws until he can join the army 45 It is said that the public and Congressional concern about deceptive packaging rumpus started because Senator Hart discovered that the boxes of cereals consumed by him, Mrs. Hart, and their children were becoming higher and narrower, with a decline of net weight
38、from 12 to 10.5 ounces, without any reduction in price. There were still twelve biscuits, but they had been reduced in size. Later, the Senator rightly complained of a store-bought pie in a handsomely illustrated box that pictured, in a single slice, almost as many cherries as there were in the whol
39、e pie. The manufacturer who increases the unit price of his product by changing his package size to lower the quantity of delivered can, without undue hardship, put his product into boxes, bags, and tins that will contain even 8-ounce, one-pound, two-pound quantities of breakfast foods, cake mixes,
40、etc. A- study of drugstore and supermarket shelves will convince any observer that all possible sizes and shapes of boxes, jars, bottles, and tins are in use at the same time and, as the package journals show, week by week, there is never any hesitation in introducing a new size and shape of box or
41、bottle when it aids in product differentiation. The producers of packaged products argue strongly against changing sizes of packages to contain even weights and volumes, but no one in the trade comments unfavorably on the huge costs incurred by endless changes of package sizes, materials, shapes, ar
42、t works, and net weights that are used for improving a products market position. When a packaging expert explained that he was able to multiply the price of hard sweets by 2.5, from 1 dollar to 2.50 dollars by changing to a fancy jar, or that he had made a 5-ounce bottle look as though it held 8 oun
43、ces, he was in effect telling the public that packaging can be a very expensive luxury. It evidently does come high. When an average family pays about 200 dollars a year for bottles, cans, boxes, jars and other containers, most of which cant be used any more but stuffing the garbage can. 46 What sta
44、rted the public and Congressional concern about deceptive packaging rumpus? （ A） Consumers complaints about the changes in the package size. （ B） Expensive packaging for poor quality products. （ C） A senators discovery of the tricks in packaging. （ D） The rise in the unit price for many products. 47
45、 The word “undue“ in the second paragraph means _. （ A） improper （ B） adequate （ C） unexpected （ D） excessive 48 Consumers are concerned about the changes in the package size, mainly because _. （ A） they hate to see any changes in things they are familiar with （ B） the unit price for a product often
46、 rises as a result （ C） they have to pay for the cost of changing package sizes （ D） this entails an increase in the cost of packaging 49 According to this passage, various types of packaging come into existence to _. （ A） meet the needs of consumers （ B） suit all kinds of products （ C） enhance the
47、market position of products （ D） introduce new products 50 The author is critical mainly of _. （ A） dishonest packaging （ B） inferior packaging （ C） the changes in package size （ D） exaggerated illustrations on packages 50 Early intelligence tests were not without their critics. Many enduring concer
48、ns were first raised by the influential journalist Walter Lippman, in a series of published debates with Lewis Terman, of Stanford University, the father of IQ testing in America. Lippman pointed out the superficiality of the questions, their possible cultural biases, and the risks of trying to dete
49、rmine a persons intellectual potential with a brief oral or paper-and-pencil measure. Perhaps surprisingly, the conceptualization of intelligence did not advance much in the decades following Termans pioneering contributions. Intelligence tests came to be seen, rightly or wrongly, as primarily a tool for selecting people to fill academic or vocational niches. In one of the most famous - if irrit
