1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 150及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twi
2、ce. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 Where is pie-eating contest us
3、ually held? 7 What should a person do before entering into the pie-eating contest? 8 Where is person advised to put his hands during the contest? 9 Youd better to start at the outside and then work toward_. 10 What will you hear during the contest? PART C Directions: You will hear three dialogues or
4、 monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear each piece ONLY ONCE. 11
5、 According to common belief, in what way are the first child and the only child alike? （ A） Their parents pay a lot of attention to them. （ B） Their ability is the same. （ C） Their family have the same many people. （ D） They are happy. 12 What do people usually say about middle children? （ A） They g
6、et a lot of attention. （ B） They are smart. （ C） They usually get ignored by families. （ D） They are powerful. 13 What do we learn about later children in a family from a recent study of birth order? （ A） They are less principle. （ B） They stick to principles. （ C） They want to do things on their ow
7、n. （ D） They dont like to take chances. 14 What does the woman say about her passport? （ A） Have lost it. （ B） Have not got it ready. （ C） Forget which bag its in. （ D） Dont know how to use it. 15 What do we know about the womans trip? （ A） Its in March. （ B） Its destination is Rome. （ C） Its in Jun
8、e. （ D） Its destination is Greece. 16 Why does the man urge the woman to hurry? （ A） He promise the taxi drive only ten minutes, not twenty. （ B） The plane will leave soon. （ C） The road traffic is heavy. （ D） He will drive slowly. 17 What was the significant change in Jennys life? （ A） She became a
9、 public figure. （ B） She made a successful speech. （ C） She had a terrible lesson. （ D） She was hurt in the accident. 18 What had led to Jennys personal tragedy? （ A） She drove too fast. （ B） A motorist drove too fast. （ C） A motorists failure to concentrate. （ D） Her failure to concentrate. 19 How
10、did Jenny feel when she began her first speech? （ A） Confident. （ B） Guilty. （ C） Ashamed. （ D） Nervous and unsure of herself. 20 What could be expected as a result of Jennys efforts? （ A） Restrictions on cell phone use while driving. （ B） Restrictions on using cell phone. （ C） Awareness of not usin
11、g cell phone. （ D） Peoples sympathy. 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 Methods of studying vary; what works 【 21】 _ for some students doesnt work at all for others. T
12、he only thing you can do is experiment 【 22】 _ you find a system that does work for you. But two things are sure: 【 23】 _ else can do your studying for you, and unless you do find a system that works, you wont go through college. Meantime, there are a few rules that 【 24】 _ for everybody. The hint i
13、s “dont get 【 25】 _ “. The problem of studying, 【 26】 _ enough to start with, becomes almost 【 27】 _ when you are trying to do 【 28】 _ in one weekend. 【 29】_ the fastest readers have trouble 【 30】 _ that. And ff you are behind in written work that must be 【 31】 _ , the teacher who accepts it 【 32】 _
14、 late will probably not give you good credit. Perhaps he may not accept it 【 33】_ . Getting behind in one class because you are spending so much time on another is really no 【 34】 _ . Feeling pretty virtuous about the seven hours you spend on chemistry wont 【 35】 _ one bit if the history teacher pop
15、s a quiz. And many freshmen do get into trouble by spending too much time on one class at the 【 36】_ of the others, either because they like one class much better or because they find it so much harder that they think, they should 【 37】 _ all their time to it. 【 38】_ the reason, going the whole work
16、 for one class and neglecting the rest of them is a mistake, if you face this 【 39】 _ , begin with the shortest and easiest 【 40】_ . Get them out of the way and then go to the more difficult, time consuming work. 21 【 21】 （ A） good （ B） easily （ C） sufficiently （ D） well 22 【 22】 （ A） until （ B） aft
17、er （ C） while （ D） so 23 【 23】 （ A） somebody （ B） nobody （ C） everybody （ D） anybody 24 【 24】 （ A） follow （ B） go （ C） operate （ D） work 25 【 25】 （ A） behind （ B） after （ C） slow （ D） later 26 【 26】 （ A） hardly （ B） unpleasant （ C） hard （ D） heavy 27 【 27】 （ A） improbable （ B） necessary （ C） impossi
18、ble （ D） inevitable 28 【 28】 （ A） three weeks work （ B） three weeks works （ C） three weeks work （ D） three weeks works 29 【 29】 （ A） Even （ B） Almost （ C） If （ D） with 30 【 30】 （ A） to do （ B） doing （ C） at doing （ D） with doing 31 【 31】 （ A） turned in （ B） tuned up （ C） turned out （ D） given in 32
19、【 32】 （ A） very （ B） quite （ C） such （ D） too 33 【 33】 （ A） anyway （ B） either （ C） at all （ D） too 34 【 34】 （ A） solution （ B） method （ C） answer （ D） excuse 35 【 35】 （ A） help （ B） encourage （ C） assist （ D） improve 36 【 36】 （ A） expense （ B） pay （ C） debt （ D） charge 37 【 37】 （ A） devote （ B） put
20、 （ C） spend （ D） take 38 【 38】 （ A） Whichever （ B） Whatever （ C） However （ D） Wherever 39 【 39】 （ A） attraction （ B） decision （ C） temptation （ D） dilemma 40 【 40】 （ A） arrangements （ B） way （ C） assignments （ D） class Part B Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each
21、 text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 40 El Nino is the term used for the period when sea surface temperatures are above normal off the South American coast along the equatorial Pacific, sometimes called the Earths heartbeat, and is a dramatic but mysterious climate s
22、ystem that periodically rages across the Pacific. El Nino means “the little boy“ or “the Christ child“ in Spanish, and is so called because its warm current is felt along coastal Peru and Ecuador around Christmas. But the local warming is just part of an intricate set of changes in the ocean and atm
23、osphere across the tropical Pacific, which covers a third of the Earths circumference. Its intensity is such that it affects temperatures, storm tracks and rainfall around the world. Droughts in Africa and Australia tropical storms in the Pacific, torrential rains along the Californian coast and the
24、 Peruvian deserts have all been ascribed to the whim of El Nino. This at least is the theory, and it has worked pretty well over the past century, with El Nino occurring about every three to five years and La Nina in between. But there have been some baffling developments in recent years. For one th
25、ing, El Nino has returned three times in the past four years. For another, since 1976 El Nino has dominated relative to the cooler phase (La Nina). There has been only one significant La Nina, but five El Ninos, including an extremely severe one in 1982 1983 that caused damage costing 8 billion doll
26、ars. Moreover a huge pool of warm water has settled down near the dateline in the central Pacific. Yet it is important to understand the changes if scientists are to be able to forecast the climatic effects of El Ninos with any degree of accuracy. This is not just an academic task accurate forecasts
27、 can spell out feast or famine in many tropical countries around the world. Forecasting efforts have focused on El Nino, whose effects are generally more severe than those of La Nina. A worrying possibility is that the changes maybe due to greenhouse warming. If so, the recent fluctuations may be an
28、 early glimpse of worse things to come. 41 When does El Nino happen? （ A） The water temperature is above normal. （ B） Sea surface temperatures are higher than usual. （ C） The water temperature is below normal. （ D） Sea surface temperatures are lower than normal. 42 Which of the following is NOT caus
29、ed by El Nino? （ A） Droughts in Africa. （ B） Tropical storms in Pacific. （ C） Torrential rains along the Californian coast. （ D） The American deserts. 43 Which of the following statements is NOT meant by the author, according to the fourth paragraph? （ A） El Nino occurs periodically. （ B） In recent
30、years El Nino happened more frequently than before. （ C） El Nino caused a lot of damages. （ D） El Nino doesnt affect the central Pacific. 44 What can be the possible cause of the changes of El Nino? （ A） Greenhouse warming. （ B） Inaccurate weather forecast. （ C） Famine. （ D） Accurate forecasts. 45 W
31、hats the best title for this passage? （ A） El Nino （ B） How Does El Nino Happen （ C） What Is El Nino （ D） The Effects of El Nino 45 The “standard of living“ of any country means the average persons share of the goods and services which the country produces. A countrys standard of living, therefore,
32、depends first and foremost on its capacity to produce wealth. “Wealth“ in this sense is not money, for we do not live on money but on things that money can buy: “goods“ such as food and clothing, and “services“ such as transport and entertainment. A countrys capacity to produce wealth depends upon m
33、any factors, most of which have an effect on one another. Wealth depends to a great extent upon a countys natural resources, such as coal, gold, and other minerals, water supply and so on. Some regions of the world are well supplied with coal and minerals, and have a fertile soil and a favorable cli
34、mate; other regions possess perhaps only one of these things, and some regions possess none of them. The USA is one of the wealthiest regions of the world because she had vast natural resources within her borders, her soil is fertile, and her climate is varied. The Sahara Desert, on the other hand,
35、is one of the least wealthy. Next to natural resources comes the ability to turn them to use. China is perhaps as well off as the USA in natural resources, but suffered for many years from civil and external wars, and for this and other reasons was unable to develop her resources. Sound political co
36、nditions, and freedom from foreign invasion, enable a country to develop its natural resources peacefully and steadily, and to produce more wealth than another country equally well served by nature but less well ordered. Another important factor is the technical efficiency of a countrys people. Old
37、countries that have, through many centuries, trained up numerous skilled craftsmen and technicians are better placed to produce wealth than countries whose workers are largely unskilled. Wealth also produces wealth. As a country becomes wealthier, its people have a large margin for saving, and can p
38、ut their savings into factories and machines which will help workers to turn out more goods in their working day. 46 A countrys wealth depends upon_. （ A） its standard of living （ B） its money （ C） its ability to provide goods and services （ D） its ability to provide transport and entertainment 47 T
39、he word “foremost“ in Paragraph 1 means_. （ A） most importantly （ B） firstly （ C） largely （ D） for the most part 48 The main idea of the second paragraph is that_. （ A） a countrys wealth depends on many factors （ B） the USA is one of the wealthiest countries in the world （ C） the Sahara Desert is a
40、very poor region （ D） natural resources are an important factor in the wealth or poverty of a country 49 The word “civil“ refers to wars that are_. （ A） long-lasting （ B） fought between one part of a country and another （ C） short but frequent （ D） carried out according to the international law 50 W
41、hich of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? （ A） Countries with numerous skilled craftsmen and technicians are more likely to produce wealth. （ B） People of a wealthy country are likely to have higher living standard. （ C） A country with rich natural resources is certainly
42、 wealthy. （ D） A countrys capacity to produce wealth is subject to many factors. 50 Worldwide every day, we devour the energy equivalent of about 200 million barrels of oil. Most of the energy on earth comes from the sun. In fact enough energy from the sun hits the planets surface each minute to cov
43、er our needs for an entire year, we just need to find an efficient way to use it. So far the energy in oil has been cheaper and easier to get at. But as supplies dwindle, this will change, and we will need to cure our addiction to oil. Burning wood satisfied most energy needs until the steam-driven
44、industrial revolution, when energy-dense coal became the fuel of choice. Coal is still used, mostly in power stations, to cover one quarter of our energy needs, but its use has been declining since we started pumping up oil. Coal is the least efficient, unhealthiest and most environmentally damaging
45、 fossil fuel, but could make a comeback, as supplies are still plentiful; its reserves are five times larger than oils. Today petroleum, a mineral oil obtained from below the surface of the Earth and used to produce petrol, diesel oil and various other chemical substances, provides around 40% of the
46、 worlds energy needs, mostly fuelling automobiles. The US consumes a quarter of all oil, and generates a similar proportion of greenhouse gas emissions. The majority of oil comes from the Middle East, which has half of known reserves. But other significant sources include Russia, North America, Norw
47、ay, Venezuela and the North Sea. Alaskas Arctic National Wildlife Refuge could be a major new US source, to reduce reliance on foreign imports. Most experts predict we will exhaust easily accessible reserves within 50 years, though opinions and estimates vary. We could fast reach an energy crisis in
48、 the next few decades, when demand exceeds supply. As conventional reserves become more difficult to access, others such as tar sands may be used instead. Petrol could also be obtained from coal. Since we started using fossil fuels ,we have released 400 billion tones of carbon, and burning the entir
49、e reserves could eventually raise world temperatures by 13 . Among other horrors, this would result in the destruction of all rainforests and tile inching of all Arctic ice. 51 “ we will need to cure our addiction to oil.“ Why does the author say so? （ A） Most of the energy on Earth comes from the Sun. （ B） Oil supply is increasing all the time. （ C） Demand for oil is increasing all tile time. （ D） Oil supply is decrea
