1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 154及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twi
2、ce. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 0 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 5 PART C Directions: You will he
3、ar three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear eac
4、h piece ONLY ONCE. （ A） two fifths （ B） 63 percent （ C） About one in five （ D） 63, 000 （ A） Because small children are more curious about cigarettes. （ B） Because smoking is difficult to give up for children. （ C） Because the early age is the time to form values. （ D） Because childrens health is mor
5、e venerable to the hurt of cigarette. （ A） 11 percent of boys in America smoke before their fourth grade. （ B） Nicotine is a part of cigarette. （ C） Children form values in the fourth grade. （ D） Parents who cannot stop smoking should force their children to stay away from it. （ A） Making contributi
6、on. （ B） Gaining self-esteem. （ C） Making a living. （ D） Realizing ideal. （ A） She doesnt agree with that money is a badge for success. （ B） She believes that money and status can not be separated. （ C） She hardly likes her profession. （ D） She thinks making money is the most important factor as for
7、 work. （ A） Mr. Smith is not good at his work. （ B） The boss doesnt trust Mr. Smith. （ C） Mr. Smith is keen on his job. （ D） The two speakers are employer and employee. （ A） July 10th. （ B） July 11th. （ C） July 9th. （ D） July 8th. （ A） He calls to cancel his reservation. （ B） He calls to change his
8、ticket. （ C） He calls to check his ticket. （ D） He calls to cancel his reservation and make another. （ A） Mr. Cotton calls British airlines. （ B） The July 12th plane is not available. （ C） Mr. Cotton chooses the economy class seat. （ D） Mr. Cotton likes the aisle seat. （ A） Mr. Cotton should come to
9、 the ticket office as soon as possible. （ B） Mr. Cotton gets the ticket at once. （ C） Mr. Cotton will get the ticket in the local post office. （ D） Mr. Cotton needs to go to the ticket office to get the ticket. 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the
10、 best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 What do you do to【 21】 _care of the books in your library? Some of the most collectors【 22】 _to read the books in their collection;【 23】 _the books remain in mint【 24】 _. Others buy two copies of a book; they【 25】_one, an
11、d leave the other Untouched. Many readers must read their books,【 26】_they still want to protect and care for the volumes. Here are some tips to remember【 27】 _you want your books to remain in good condition. Firstly, avoid Writing. You may have been told to【 28】 _in the margins of your books, or e-
12、ven to underline or highlight words, phrases, and paragraphs. But, if you plan to【 29】 _the book, add it to your library, or even sell it dont write in the book. The ink permanently damages your book. Use a journal or notebook to take【 30】_on pages or use pieces of paper or Post-It notes. If you are
13、【 31】 _to .write in your book, use a pencil, and erase the markings. Secondly, avoid Food and Drink. Food and Liquids which are hazards to your books. The best practice is to avoid eating or drinking【 32】 _you read. If you need to read while you eat, make sure your fingers are clean and dry as you h
14、old the book or turn the pages. Also,【 33】 _the book away from the food and drink. Check the table or other surfaces for water, crumbs, and stickiness【 34】 _you put your book【 35】_. Finally, take care. When you handle your book, hold it【 36】 _care. When you read the book, dont【 37】 _down the comers
15、of the pages and use a bookmark instead. Dont fold the【 38】 _of the book back. Dont break the binding; and dont【 39】 _your book with the book【 40】 _, face-down. Use a book cover to keep your books in the best condition. 21 【 21】 （ A） put （ B） get （ C） take （ D） give 22 【 22】 （ A） refuse （ B） accept
16、（ C） refute （ D） receive 23 【 23】 （ A） but （ B） then （ C） so （ D） still 24 【 24】 （ A） condition （ B） station （ C） environment （ D） surrounding 25 【 25】 （ A） speak （ B） read （ C） touch （ D） collect 26 【 26】 （ A） so （ B） and （ C） also （ D） but 27 【 27】 （ A） if （ B） unless （ C） which （ D） since 28 【 28
17、】 （ A） underline （ B） write （ C） symbol （ D） document 29 【 29】 （ A） exhaust （ B） keep （ C） decorate （ D） reserve 30 【 30】 （ A） quiz （ B） subject （ C） notes （ D） extracts 31 【 31】 （ A） understood （ B） believed （ C） forced （ D） required 32 【 32】 （ A） while （ B） before （ C） after （ D） since 33 【 33】 （
18、A） take （ B） keep （ C） bring （ D） give 34 【 34】 （ A） after （ B） until （ C） before （ D） when 35 【 35】 （ A） down （ B） away （ C） up （ D） off 36 【 36】 （ A） for （ B） to （ C） with （ D） in 37 【 37】 （ A） break （ B） fold （ C） snap （ D） convert 38 【 38】 （ A） envelope （ B） definition （ C） content （ D） cover 39
19、 【 39】 （ A） locate （ B） placate （ C） place （ D） dispose 40 【 40】 （ A） occasional （ B） open （ C） obvious （ D） outstanding Part B Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 40 We often hear advice from
20、 the dermatologists, “ You should keep using sunscreen creamjust to be safe“. More and more people are questioning about sunscream. Can sunscreen cream help protect me against melanomas? How safe are we in applying these chemical cocktails? Does it actually stop melanomas, the most dangerous type of
21、 skin cancer, from forming? As is known to all, sunscreen cream can protect the skin from the harmful effects of sun. The most important function of it is the prevention of skin cancer. A great number of American people like to use it. Surprisingly, this kind of cancer is increasing in incidence fas
22、ter than any other cancer in the United States. It seems that sunscreen actually increases the risk of skin cancer. More and more health experts are taking a discommendable attitude to the application of sunscreen. Researchers show that the earlier finding has many flaws and is unable to prove the e
23、xact function because they fail to take into account many exceptional cases. For instance, some people prefer to use sunscreen cream while going out. However, sunscreen cream users suffer from cancer more often. In fact, sunscreen cream allows people to remain exposed in the sun longer. People are l
24、ikely to get skin problem under the sunshine for a long time. Besides, many people use the sunscreen cream in an inappropriate way. The sunscreen cream should be applied about half an hour before going outside, so the time is enough for the sunscreen to soak in and take effect. In fact, die protecti
25、on of sunscreen will not last indefinitely. It should be reapplied at least every two hours when people stay outdoors for a prolonged period. After swimming, bathing, perspiring heavily, or drying off with a towel or handkerchief, you had better reapply it, too. Millions of gallons of sunscreen crea
26、m are consumed each year. Only 5% of products overall met the criteria for safety and sunscreen effectiveness. Three of five brand-name products can not protect the skin from sun damage sufficiently or they contain hazardous chemicals, according to a report by Environmental Working Group (EWG). It i
27、s time to change our misunderstanding now. In fact, besides the sunshine-preventing function , it also has the function of protecting our skin. We all know that the sun impacts collagen production in the skin, and without collagen, skin wont naturally maintain that plump, moist, youthful , wrinkle-f
28、ree look . Without the protection of sunscreen cream, just a few minutes of daily sun exposure over the years can cause noticeable changes in skin. Sunscreen cream can protect our skin from these damaging rays, so that even if we do spend time outdoors, our face is less likely to give away our age.
29、41 What can we learn from the first paragraph? （ A） Sunscreen cream is essential in peoples life. （ B） The dermatologists prefer to attribute the skin problems to sunshine. （ C） People agree with the dermatologists opinion on using sunscreen cream. （ D） Sunscreen cream actually increases the risk of
30、 skin cancer. 42 Which of the following is true according to the passage? （ A） People could get skin problems using sunscreen cream. （ B） People had better not reuse sunscreen cream when they are outside. （ C） Sunscreen cream can not function after a long period. （ D） We should abandon handkerchiefs
31、 to deal with skin problems. 43 The word “met“ in Paragraph Three, Line Two probably refers to （ A） see （ B） discover （ C） reach （ D） act 44 What is mainly discussed in the text? （ A） How to use sunscreen cream better （ B） The different opinions on sunscreen cream （ C） Connection between cancer and
32、sunscreen （ D） Research on the new functions of sunscreen cream 45 According to the text, what is not the attitude of the writer? （ A） The writer has changed the prejudiced opinion on sunscreen cream. （ B） The writer advises people to use sunscreen cream regularly. （ C） The writer persuades the peop
33、le to put the sunscreen to everyday use. （ D） The writer is supporting the new findings on sunscreen cream. 45 Bacteria are microscopic organisms which live on the surface of objects. They are one of the most ancient living things, which exist on this planet for nearly 4, 000 million years. Do you k
34、now the size of bacteria? It can only be measured in microns. Maybe you have not a standard in your mind how long a micron is. One micron is a thousandth of a millimeter, which equals about the diameter of a pinhead. Therefore, even if we enlarged the rounded bacterium a thousand times, it would onl
35、y be the size of a pinhead. We barely see bacteria by a magnification an ordinary microscope of 100 times, even if we try, we cannot make out anything of their structure. There are normally millions of them together, for they can multiply really fast. Scientists have found that some bacteria have at
36、tached to wavy-looking “hairs“ called flagella. The flagella rotate, pushing the bacteria through the water. Others can glide along over surfaces by some little-understood mechanism. Bacteria are so small that they are influenced by the movements of the chemical molecules around them. They are activ
37、e all the time. Even the bacteria without flagella often bound about in the water. They are pushed here and there, colliding with the watery molecules. Bacteria cannot be detected because they dont produce bad odor or change the color or texture of the food. Therefore, when people eat the food with
38、many bacteria, they are likely to get hepatitis A, acute gastroenteritis and a host of other illnesses. Many households have refrigerators to prevent from bacteria. Of course, freezing food slows or stops-the growth of bacteria, however, when food is thawed, the bacteria will become reactivated. Bac
39、teria can not be totally destroyed before the food is thoroughly cooked. We need to know that not all bacteria are in connection with illness. Just some bacteria can cause disease. They are called pathogenic bacteria. Fortunately our immune system can protect us from them. Bacteria are prokaryotes (
40、single cells that do not contain a nucleus). It may seem weird to classify organisms according to such details, but with or without a nucleus is not trivial at all. The division between prokaryotes and eukaryotes (all organisms with a nucleus inside their cells) is of extreme importance in biology,
41、and is the result of a major evolutionary breakthrough. Visit our program tomorrow if you want to know more, thank you. 46 Which of the following is true according to the first paragraph? （ A） Bacteria are as big as a pinhead. （ B） Bacteria can not be seen by an ordinary microscope. （ C） Bacteria ar
42、e hard to see because they often live together. （ D） Bacteria are very small so they can only be measured in microns. 47 Which statement is not true about flagella? （ A） Flagella are part of bacteria. （ B） Flagella help bacteria to move. （ C） Flagella are always going round and round. （ D） Flagella
43、are like waves. 48 What is the meaning of “collide“ in the second paragraph? （ A） strike （ B） connect （ C） bounce （ D） mix 49 Which of the following ways can help people prevent from bacteria? （ A） Smell and have a careful look at the food. （ B） Only eat the food stored in refrigerator. （ C） Ensure
44、the food is totally heated before eating. （ D） Eat the food before they are thawed. 50 What can be inferred from the last paragraph? （ A） Whether or not to have a nucleus is important in biology. （ B） The speaker will tell us how to distinguish bacteria tomorrow. （ C） Evolution will be the main topi
45、c of the program next time. （ D） Eukaryotes develop from prokaryotes. 50 As the volcano erupts in Iceland, more and more people are beginning to concern about the damage volcanic eruption brings. Then, let us learn the influence of volcanic eruption together. We all know that air pollution has an ef
46、fect on the worlds average air temperature. Scientists declare that volcanic eruption leads to weather changes, which is similar to air pollution. How will volcanic eruption impact on weather? Volcanic eruption throws hundreds of millions tons of ash into die stratosphere. The ash from a volcano spr
47、eads in a few days. However, this is not die end. The ash will remain in die air for years. Hereby, all the ash turns incoming solar radiation into space, which cools the earth. The eruption would affect every level of ecosystem, from worms to primates. The problem is not only the physical destructi
48、on of habitat, but also me sulfur gases over the area. The volcanic eruption makes many people homeless who have to search for food and residence everywhere. The movement of the population and refugees may lead to some instability in the region. They may become one part to damage the environment in
49、face of starvation threat. If the lava pours into lakes, the water will be severely contaminated. The unusual accumulation of carbon dioxide in the lower strata of lakes basin may even cause explosions. The volcanic eruption is a huge disaster for human beings. It will cause massive dislocation in the local place. The Iceland volcano is a good example. More man 63, 000 flights had been canceled in 23 European countries, which is severe blow on the economy. Travelers h
