1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 157及答案与解析 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 0 Olympic Games are held every four years at a different site, in which athletes【 21】different nations compe
2、te against each other in a【 22】 of sports. There are two types of Olympics, the Summer Olympics and the Winter Olympics. In order to【 23】 the Olympics, a city must submit a proposal to the International Olympic Committee (IOC). After all proposals have been【 24】 , the IOC votes. If no city is succes
3、sful in gaining a majority in the first vote, the city with the fewest votes is eliminated, and voting continues, with【 25】 rounds, until a majority winner is determined. Typically the Games are awarded several years in advance,【 26】 the winning city time to prepare for the Games. In selecting the【
4、27】 of the Olympic Games, the IOC considers a number of factors, chief among them are which city has, or promises to build, the best facilities, and which organizing committee seems most likely to【 28】the Games effectively. The IOC also【 29】 which parts of the world have not yet hosted the Games.【 3
5、0】 , Tokyo, Japan, the host of the 1964 Summer Games, and Mexico City, Mexico, the host of the 1968 Summer Games, were chosen【 31】 to popularize the Olympic movement in Asia and in Latin America. 【 32】 the growing importance of television worldwide, the IOC in recent years has also taken into【 33】 t
6、he host citys time zone. 【 34】 the Games take place in the United States or Canada, for example, American television networks are willing to pay【 35】 higher amounts for television rights because they can broadcast popular events【 36】 , in prime viewing hours. 【 37】 the Games have been awarded, it is
7、 the responsibility of the local organizing committee to finance them. This is often done with a portion of the Olympic television【 38】 and with corporate sponsorships, ticket sales, and other smaller revenue sources. In many【 39】 there is also direct government support. Although many cities have ac
8、hieved a financial profit by hosting the Games. the Olympics can be financially【 40】 . When the revenues from the Games were less than expected, the city was left with large debts. （ A） in （ B） for （ C） of （ D） from （ A） lot （ B） number （ C） variety （ D） series （ A） host （ B） take （ C） run （ D） orga
9、nize （ A） supported （ B） submitted （ C） substituted （ D） subordinated （ A） suggestive （ B） successful （ C） successive （ D） succeeding （ A） letting （ B） setting （ C） permitting （ D） allowing （ A） site （ B） spot （ C） location （ D） place （ A） state （ B） stage （ C） start （ D） sponsor （ A） thinks （ B） re
10、ckons （ C） considers （ D） calculates （ A） For instance （ B） As a result （ C） In brief （ D） On the whole （ A） in time （ B） in part （ C） in case （ D） in common （ A） Since （ B） Because （ C） As for （ D） Because of （ A） amount （ B） account （ C） accord （ D） acclaim （ A） However （ B） Whatever （ C） Whenever
11、 （ D） Wherever （ A） greatly （ B） handsomely （ C） meaningfully （ D） significantly （ A） live （ B） living （ C） alive （ D） lively （ A） Until （ B） Unless （ C） Whether （ D） Once （ A） incomes （ B） interests （ C） revenues （ D） returns （ A） cases （ B） conditions （ C） chances （ D） circumstances （ A） safe （ B）
12、 risky （ C） tempting （ D） feasible Part B Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 If you see a diamond ring on the fourth finger of a womans left hand, you probably know what it means: in Ameri
13、ca, this has long been the digit of choice for betrothal jewelry, and the lore of the trade traces the symbolism back to ancient times. But if you see a diamond ring on the fourth finger of a womans right hand, you may or may not know that it signifies an independent spirit, or even economic empower
14、ment and changing gender mores. “A lot of women have disposable income , “Katie Couric said recently on the “Today“ show after showing viewers her Chanel right-hander. “Why wait for a man to give her a diamond ring?“ This notion may be traced back, approximately, to September. Thats when the Diamond
15、 Information Center began a huge marketing campaign aimed at articulating the meaning of righthand rings and thus a rationale for buying them. “Your left hand says we, “ the campaign declares. “Your right hand saysme. “ The positioning is brilliant: the wearer may be married or unmarried and may buy
16、 the ring herself or request it as a gift. And while it can take years for a new jewelry concept to work itself thoroughly into the mainstream, the right-hand ring already has momentum. At the higher end of the scale, the jewelry maker Kwiat, which supplies stores like Saks, offers a line of Kwiat S
17、pirit Rings that can retail for as much as $ 5,000, and “were selling it faster than were manufacturing it,“ says Bill Gould, the companys chief of- marketing. At the other end of the scale, mass-oriented retailers that often take a wait-and-see attitude have already jumped on the bandwagon. Firms l
18、ike Kwiat were given what Gould calls “direction“ from the Diamond Information Center about the new rings attributes multiple diamonds in a north-south orientation that distinguishes it from the look of an engagement ring, and so on. But all this is secondary to the newly minted meaning. “The idea,“
19、 Morrison says, “is that beyond a trend, this could become a sort of cultural imperative. “ A tall order? Well, bear in mind that “a diamond is forever“ is not a saying handed down from imperial Rome. It was handed down from an earlier generation of De Beers marketers. Joyce Jonas, a jewelry apprais
20、er and historian, notes that De Beers, in the 40 s and 50s, took advantage of a changing American class structure to turn diamond rings into a(n) (attainable) symbol for the masses. By now, Jonas observes, the stone alone “is just a commodity. “And this, of course, is what makes its invented signifi
21、cance more crucial than ever. 21 A diamond ring on the fourth finger of a womans left hand suggests that _. （ A） she is married （ B） she is engaged （ C） she may choose her jewelry （ D） she has independent spirit 22 “Your right hand says me“(Line 4, Para 2) implies that _. （ A） the wearer may be marr
22、ied or unmarried （ B） the wearer of the right-hand ring is independent （ C） the woman has the right-hand ring as a gift （ D） the wearer of the right-hand ring is a self-centered woman 23 Judging from Bill Goulds remarks in paragraph 3, we may infer that _. （ A） Kwiat has a large supply of jewelry （
23、B） Kwiat Spirit Rings are too expensive （ C） Kwiat can hardly meet with the demands from the consumers （ D） consumers keep a wait-and-see attitude towards the jewelry 24 According to the author, “a diamond is forever“ is _. （ A） a sort of cultural tradition （ B） a saying handed down from imperial Ro
24、me （ C） a false symbol for the masses （ D） a saying of made-up significance 25 The best title of the passage may be _. （ A） The Right-Hand Diamond Ring （ B） Who Wear the Right-Hand Diamond Ring （ C） The Right-Hand Rings Momentum （ D） A Tall Order for Jewelry 25 The telecity is a city whose life, dir
25、ection, and functioning are largely shaped by telecommunications. In the twenty-first century, cities will be based more and more on an economy that is dependent on services and intellectual property. Telecommunications and information networks will define a citys architecture, shape, and character.
26、 Proximity in the telecity will be defined by the speed and bandwidth of networks as much as by geographical propinquity. In the age of the telecity, New York and Singapore may be closer than, say, New York and Arkadelphia, Arkansas. Telecities will supersede megacities for several reasons, includin
27、g the drive toward clean air, reducing pollution, energy conservation, more jobs based on services, and coping with the high cost of urban property. Now we must add the need to cope with terrorist threats in a high-technology world. Western mindsets were clearly jolted in the wake of the terrorist a
28、ttack on the World Trade Center in New York City and attacks in Indonesia, Saudi Arabia, and elsewhere. But the risks posed by twentieth-century patterns of urbanization and architecture have yet to register fully with political figures and leaders of industry. The Pentagon, for example, has been re
29、built in situation rather than distributed to multiple locations and connected by secure landlines and broadband wireless systems. Likewise, the reconstruction of the World Trade Center complex still represents a massive concentration of humanity and infrastructure. This is a remarkably short-sighte
30、d and dangerous vision of the future. The security risks, economic expenses, and environmental hazards of over-centralization are everywhere, and they do not stop with skyscrapers and large governmental structures. There are risks also at seaports and airports, in food and water supplies, at nuclear
31、 power plants and hydro-electric turbines at major dams, in transportation systems, and in information and communications systems. This vulnerability applies not only to terrorist threats but also to human error, such as system-wide blackouts in North America in August 2003 and in Italy in September
32、 2003, and natural disasters such as typhoons, hurricanes, floods, and earthquakes. Leaders and planners are only slowly becoming aware that over-centralized facilities are the most vulnerable to attack or catastrophic destruction. There is also growing awareness that new broadband electronic system
33、s now allow governments and corporations to safeguard their key assets and people in new and innovative ways. So far, corporations have been quickest to adjust to these new realities, and some governments have begun to adjust as well. 26 Which of the following statements is true according to the tex
34、t? （ A） The telecity is a TV manufacturing city. （ B） The telecity is a city of the speed and bandwidth of networks. （ C） Singapore is closer to New York than Arkadelphia, Arkansas is in telicity age. （ D） Singapore is actually closer to New York than Arkadelphia, Arkansas is. 27 The advantage of te
35、lecities over megacities may include all the following EXCEPT _. （ A） reducing pollution （ B） conserving energy （ C） high cost of urban property. （ D） dealing with terrorist 28 What is the authors attitude towards the reconstruction of The Pentagon and the World Trade Center? （ A） Supporting （ B） Cr
36、itical （ C） Neutral （ D） Hostile 29 Judging from the context, the word “they“ (line 2, Para. 4) refer to _. （ A） The security risks （ B） The terrorist attacks. （ C） Environmental hazards of over-centralization. （ D） The security risks, economic expenses, and environmental hazards 30 According to the
37、 author, the most active advocates of telecities are _. （ A） leaders and planners （ B） urban architects （ C） some corporations （ D） government administrators 30 Eating better and more adventurously is becoming an obsession, especially among people with money to spend. Healthier eating and not-so-hea
38、lthy eating as well as the number and variety of food choices and venues continue to increase at an ever-quickening pace. Globalization is the master trend that will drive the world of food in the years ahead. Consumers traveling the globe, both virtually and in reality, will be able to sweep up ing
39、redients, packaged foods, recipes, and cooking techniques from every corner of the earth at an ever-intensifying and accelerating pace. Formerly remote ingredients and cooking styles are creating a whole new culinary mosaic as they are transplanted and reinterpreted all over the world. Many factors
40、are behind this, but none more so than the influence of the great international hotel chains. Virtually every chef who has worked for Hilton, Weston, Peninsula, or any other major chain gathers global experience in locales as diverse as Singapore, New Orleans, Toronto, and Dubai. At each stop, they
41、carry away cooking ideas and techniques they can and do use elsewhere. This trend will gain even greater momentum as ambitious young adults stake their own futures on internationalization, treating broader food savvy as an important aspect of their own advancement. Young people will need knowledge o
42、f food and ingredients from different continents and cultures as one aspect of socialization, enculturation, cultural exchange, and success. In country after country, there seems little doubt that global cuisine will make its biggest inroads among the younger set. Many in the generations now coming
43、of age will treat world-ranging food knowledge and experience as key elements in furthering their personal plans, business acumen, and individual growth. The Internet has made global contacts a matter of routine. Computer networking wilt permit chefs and others in the food industry, including consum
44、ers, to link directly with the best available authorities in faraway nations, supplementing or bypassing second-hand sources of information altogether. Time, with all its implications, will also be a factor in emerging world food trends. More and more of us are destined to operate on global time tha
45、t is, at full tilt 24 hours a day. This will become the norm for companies with resources scattered all over the planet. Beyond the 24-hour supermarkets many of us already take for granted, there will also be three-shift shopping centers open at any hour. Restaurants in the great business capitals i
46、ntent on cultivating an international clientele will serve midnight breakfasts or break-of- dawn dinners (with the appropriate wines) without raising a single eyebrow. 31 From the first two paragraphs we can learn that the trend of food obsession is _. （ A） adventurous （ B） more and more popular in
47、the world （ C） a global phenomenon （ D） sweeping up every corner of the earth 32 According to the text the trend of new culinary mosaic is most accelerated by _. （ A） globalization （ B） remote ingredients and cooking styles （ C） great international hotel chains （ D） chefs of various nationalities 33
48、 Judging from context, the phrase“ global cuisine“ ( Line 5, Para. 4) probably means _. （ A） a world of young people （ B） a world style of cooking （ C） a specific food popular in the world （ D） world foods in general 34 We can infer from the passage that _. （ A） computer networking will be helpful i
49、n the food industry （ B） 24-hour supermarkets are not very common （ C） Few shopping centers are three-shift open at any hour （ D） 24-hour restaurants are not in practice in the great business capitals 35 The best title for the passage may be _. （ A） Eating Better and More Adventurously （ B） A Food Globalization （ C） The Trend of Dining （ D） The Trend of A Kitchen Revolution 35 According to studies cited by the National Eating Disorders Association, 42 percent of girls in first through third grad
