1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 164及答案与解析 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 0 There are many medical problems in the modern society. One of the most alarming medical problems in the wo
2、rld is a【 1】 disease named HIV virus. This kind of virus is first【 2】 twenty years ago. It weakens the body and develops fully blown AIDS. AIDS is not obvious in the early stage. Sometimes symptoms occur within a few weeks after【 3】 . They are often flu-like, such as【 4】 , fever, headache, diarrhea
3、and night sweats. The three main【 5】 routes of HIV are sexual contact, exposure to infected body fluids or tissues and from mother to【 6】 or child during perinatal period. This kind of virus can always【 7】 some families apart. Peoples first【 8】 . is a denial about their loved ones condition. HIV pos
4、itive people are those who have tested positive for the virus.【 9】 they are related to conditions that are far less serious than HIV, they can only be treated when potential patients are【 10】 of the risk of infection. They choose to deal with the risk instead of avoiding of it. 【 11】 tests are the b
5、est way to monitor HTV because they can slow the progress of the virus【 12】 time. But we have to admit that it is no longer associated【 13】 death immediately, but drugs are not【 14】 . Doctors【 15】 HIV positive people to have regular tests to monitor the progress of the disease. By now there is still
6、 not successful vaccination against HIV, so much effort has been【 16】 mainly on educating the public about【 17】 HIV is passed on . In addition, more emphasis is contributed to introduce to the citizens about personal measures that【 18】the risk of infection. “ We are concerned about these individuals
7、, because we know that early treatment can help【 19】 their life and ensure that they do not【 20】 others, including their newborn children. “ Dr Donald Gelhorn (president of the College of Family Physicians of Canada) says. （ A） serious （ B） deadly （ C） tough （ D） dangerous （ A） identified （ B） diagn
8、osed （ C） examined （ D） recognized （ A） defection （ B） infection （ C） reflection （ D） connection （ A） fatigue （ B） toothache （ C） illness （ D） depression （ A） transportation （ B） transmission （ C） communication （ D） contraction （ A） kid （ B） child （ C） boy （ D） infant （ A） tear （ B） set （ C） put （ D
9、） leave （ A） reflection （ B） realization （ C） recognition （ D） reaction （ A） Because （ B） However （ C） Therefore （ D） Though （ A） admit （ B） aware （ C） acknowledge （ D） argue （ A） monthly （ B） daily . （ C） frequent （ D） regular （ A） on （ B） at （ C） in （ D） within （ A） to （ B） about （ C） into （ D） wi
10、th （ A） useful （ B） indispensable （ C） almighty （ D） necessary （ A） impel （ B） spur （ C） force （ D） urge （ A） focused （ B） paid （ C） given （ D） input （ A） how （ B） why （ C） what （ D） that （ A） compress （ B） condense （ C） reduce （ D） cut （ A） spread （ B） extend （ C） stretch （ D） magnify （ A） influenc
11、e （ B） affect （ C） effect （ D） infect Part B Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 Taking a nap is frowned upon by many people and is viewed as fondness for the elderly and children. Mention
12、nap and you could be seen as lazy, depressed and unwilling to work. However, taking a nap is one of the best but most underused tools for busy people to ease weariness. The majority of people experience drowsiness in the afternoon and notice their work efficiency and mood starting to slip and taking
13、 a nap will help combat this. The results of research suggest that taking a nap can make you more alert, reduce stress and improve cognitive function compared to those who working all day without rest. A mid-afternoon nap means that productivity can last long into the night. Researchers at NASA foun
14、d that a 30-minute full nap increased cognitive function by 40%. The volunteers on the tests found that their memory improved as well as experiencing an increase in concentration. Those who didnt nap would score lower on IQ test than those who did (after a day of work). If you feel tired in the afte
15、rnoon and from then on cant perform at your best, I recommend taking a short power nap to get yourself feel alert and ready for work. You will notice your mood and alertness to be improved. I advise keeping the nap between 15 and 30 minutes if you want to avoid getting into deeper stages of sleep. I
16、f you do, youll find it harder to wake and may experience the unstable feeling for a while. For those who are worried about the after-affect of a nap, there is the caffeine nap. A caffeine nap is taken after an intake of caffeine, so that you are asleep while your body digests the caffeine. After a
17、15 -30 minutes nap, you wake up and have the caffeine in your system. This is great if you need to be instantly on the move after a nap, and you can bounce out of your sleeping state and jump into refreshed work feeling. Finding 15-30 minutes to take a nap in a day sometimes seems difficult, but doi
18、ng so is very helpful to your productivity. Even 10 minutes of a nap every day will be better than nothing at all, and may give you. the energy you need to be successful. If youre willing to have a try, make sure you can find a comfortable place before setting your head down. If you can feel secure
19、and let go, then your rest will be even more beneficial. 21 Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? （ A） It is easy for people to find 15 -30 minutes to have a nap every day. （ B） A caffeine nap is bad for our health. （ C） When we have a nap less than 30 minutes, we can a
20、void getting into deeper stages of sleep. （ D） If we have a nap in the afternoon, we will not sleep at night. 22 What can be inferred from the first paragraph? （ A） Taking a nap is useless for busy people. （ B） Taking a nap is viewed as something for curing disease. （ C） Taking a nap is regarded as
21、lazy to work. （ D） Taking a nap can promote your work efficiency. 23 What is the meaning of “digest“ in the second line of the fourth paragraph? （ A） have （ B） drink （ C） absorb （ D） take 24 Which one is not the benefit of taking a nap? （ A） decrease stress and improve cognitive function （ B） keep t
22、he best state of mind and energy （ C） feel refresh and alert （ D） feel unstable and depressed 25 What is the best title of this passage? （ A） Function of nap （ B） Nap and work （ C） Nap and caffeine （ D） Nap and busy people 25 Human creativeness is boundless. With the advance of science and technolog
23、y, a complete new means of communication Mobile Phone came to the world, which, being not fixed in one place like ordinary phones, greatly facilitates telephone communication. Although using mobile phone is convenient, it also has some negative factors. It tells us that we should pay more attention
24、to the mobile phone etiquette. There is a research on American mobile phone etiquette. People are using cell phones in a Manhattan subway. Most Americans believe that there are unspoken rules about using mobile phone etiquette, according to an online poll. Its impolite to shout down their cell phone
25、s which may frighten other passengers. Checking emails, sending text messages and making telephone calls while in the company of other passengers are definite breeches of mobile phone manners. Texting during a date is also strictly forbidden. But the majority of American people questioned in the onl
26、ine poll said that they would not be offended if they received an electronic “thank you“ , instead of a written note and seventy-five percent had no objections to anyone using laptops, net books or cell phones in the bathroom. “ Etiquette is first and foremost a question of awareness,“ said the auth
27、or and etiquette expert Anna Post. But she described the results of the Harris Interactive poll commissioned by Intel as “ pretty surprising statistics“. Sixty-two percent of the 2,625 adults who took part in the survey agreed that cell phones, laptops, net books and other electronic devices are par
28、t of daily life. Fifty-five percent also thought that the demands of business mean people must stay connected, even if it involves taking a laptop on a holiday or answering a cell phone during a meal. Despite the need to be constantly connected and the general acceptance of the technology, people we
29、re more sensitive about technology abuses during holiday and religious activities. Nearly ninety percent of Americans think that cell phone use is unacceptable during a religious service and thirty percent admitted they would be offended if they received an online gift wish. But more than half revea
30、led that they intended to send an electronic greeting card, instead of a traditional one. “ These are issues about common sense,“ said Dr Genevieve Bell, an ethnographer and director of Intels User Experience Group, adding that the social rules of when and how it is appropriate to use the technology
31、 are still being formed. 26 Which of the following sentences is right according to the passage? （ A） 75 percent of people in the online poll had no objections to anyone using laptops, net books and cell phones in the bathroom. （ B） Nearly all of Americans think cell phone use is impolite during reli
32、gious activities. （ C） 90 percent of people in the online poll admitted they would be unhappy if they were given an online gift wish. （ D） 30 percent of people in the online poll believe that people should get in touch with each other frequently because of the demand of business. 27 When we stay wit
33、h friends, it is polite to （ A） check emails （ B） chat with friends carefully （ C） send text messages （ D） make telephone calls 28 The attitude to technology abuses during holiday and religious activities is （ A） happy and joy. （ B） angry and depress. （ C） ignorant and unstable. （ D） sensitive. 29 T
34、his article is most probably taken from a （ A） document. （ B） magazine. （ C） biography. （ D） science fiction. 30 What is mainly discussed in the text? （ A） The function of phone. （ B） How to use phone. （ C） The etiquette of using mobile phone. （ D） Phone. 30 Every other week, new studies appear that
35、 either criticize or praise the roasted bean. Are there grounds for concern under the fragrant foam? Some people believe that coffee bean can lower the incidence of some diseases. First, the disease is diabetes. A study of 14,000 people in Finland which is the worlds greatest per-capita consumer of
36、coffee found that women who drank three to four cups a day cut their risk of developing diabetes by 29 percent. For men, it was 27 percent. Researchers arent sure why, but suspect that the antioxidants in coffee help deliver insulin to the bodys tissues. Second, it can lower cancer. In Japan, a stud
37、y of 90,000 people revealed those who drank coffee every day for ten years were half as likely to get liver cancer. Meanwhile, German scientists have identified an active compound in coffee that boosts enzymes thought to prevent colon cancer. Finally, it can also lower Parkinsons disease. Researcher
38、s in Hawaii monitored the health of more than 8,000 Japanese-American men for 30 years and discovered that those who drank a cup of coffee a day had less than half the incidence of Parkinsons disease. A possible clue as to why: caffeine promotes the release of dopamine, a substance involved with mov
39、ement and usually consumed in Parkinsons sufferers. On the contrary, theres hot debate on whether drinking coffee is a cardiac risk. A Greek study of more than 3,000 people found coffee drinkers has higher levels of bad substances in their blood than non-drinkers. But Harvard researchers looking at
40、the health of coffee drinkers over 20 years could not localize any extra coronary problems. Nevertheless-, a study of 2,028 Costa Ricans found those with a gene variant that processes caffeine four times slower than average, and who also drank two to three cups of coffee a day, upped their heart-att
41、ack risk by 36 percent. As this group metabolises caffeine slower, it remains in the body for longer possibly pushing up blood pressure. For most of us, the humble cup of coffee is simply a harmless and enjoyable way to kick start the day or give us an excuse for some time out. No more, no less. How
42、ever, it is important to remember that different people exhibit different tolerance levels to caffeine it is, after all, a drug. 31 What is mainly discussed in the text? （ A） roast bean can cure disease. （ B） roast bean is a good medicine. （ C） more and more people want to drink coffee. （ D） whether
43、 the roast bean is good or bad is also a question. 32 The word “tissues“ in Paragraph 2, Line 5 probably refers to_. （ A） organization （ B） handkerchief （ C） paper （ D） system 33 According to the second paragraph, which of the following statements is true? （ A） In Finland, the study indicates women
44、who drink coffee will be healthy. （ B） In Japan, the study indicates people who drink coffee can get cancer. （ C） There is an active compound in coffee that can cut the risk of getting colon cancer. （ D） People who drink coffee are easy to get Parkinsons disease. 34 What can be inferred from the las
45、t paragraph? （ A） Coffee is a kind of beverage. （ B） Too much coffee may endanger peoples life. （ C） Coffee is good for busy people. （ D） Coffee can cure disease. 35 A suitable title for this passage is （ A） The good aspect of coffee （ B） Coffee and cancer （ C） The introduction of coffee （ D） Coffee
46、 and disease 35 Shopping has become a private affair. Obvious consumption does not look good during a depression , which explains why so many of us are accepting e-commerce. Online shopping on these shores is projected to grow from sales of 8.9bn to around 21. 3bn by the end of 2,011. Often people p
47、roclaim theyve accepted e-commerce because its “green“. This is understandable. If many shopping bags in a depression looks bad, bricks and mortar retail huge out-of-town shopping centres, retail shopping center that insist on leaving their doors open even in winter and grocery stores full of the mo
48、st inefficient freezers look terrible during an ecological emergency. Should we buy the idea that e-commerce is any better? Several studies have tried to answer this with cold, hard data. A 2,000 study on Webvan, a now disappearing US online grocer, concluded that a wider adoption of e-commerce woul
49、d not give us environmental gains, while a 2,002 study of US book retailing found no greater energy savings selling online. But the study that all etailers are talking a-bout is a new one from Carnegie Mellon University, which has found that shopping online via Buy. corns e-commerce model for electronic products uses 35 percent less energy consumption and CO2 emissions than a traditional bricks model. This is largely because it avoids the usual retail distribution model and, of course, the impact of consumers driving to a store. And, from t
