1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 167及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twi
2、ce. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 PART C Directions: You will he
3、ar three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear eac
4、h piece ONLY ONCE. 11 How long did Emily Dickinson live in the house where she was born? （ A） Almost all her life. （ B） Less than half her life. （ C） Until 1830. （ D） Before 1872. 12 Which of the following is TRUE of Emily Dickinson? （ A） She was not a productive poet. （ B） She saw many of her poems
5、 published. （ C） She was not a sociable person. （ D） She had contact only with a few poets. 13 When was Emily Dickinson widely recognized? （ A） After Henry James referred highly to her. （ B） After seven of her poems were published. （ C） After her poems became known to others. （ D） After she had been
6、 dead for many years. 14 What is the woman doing when the man interrupts her? （ A） Taping some music. （ B） Watching a film. （ C） Making a video recording. （ D） Writing a letter. 15 Why is the woman so excited? （ A） She is going to study in another country. （ B） She received a letter from a Japanese
7、friend. （ C） She just returned from a trip to Japan. （ D） She got a job at a travel agency. 16 Why does the woman feel grateful to Professor Mercheno? （ A） He helped her get into the program. （ B） He recorded some tapes especially for her. （ C） He gave her a good grade in her Japanese class. （ D） He
8、 told her about an interesting movie to watch. 17 What is Dr. Francis? （ A） A teacher of English in Cambridge. （ B） A specialist in computer science. （ C） A consultant to a Scottish company. （ D） A British tourist to China. 18 What is the approximate temperature in Cambridge in summer? （ A） 22 （ B）
9、23 （ C） 25 （ D） 34 19 Where does Dr. Francis suggest Li Ping should stay in Cambridge? （ A） With an English family. （ B） In a flat near the college. （ C） With a language teacher.- （ D） In a student dormitory. 20 What is the point Dr. Francis is making when he mentions Ali? （ A） Some things cannot be
10、 learned from books. （ B） Foreign students are very much alike. （ C） Choice of where to live varies from person to person. （ D） Convenience is his first consideration in choosing where to live. 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word for ea
11、ch numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 Music comes in many forms; most countries have a style of their own.【 21】 the turn of the century when jazz (爵士乐 ) was born, America had no prominent【 22】 of its own. No one knows exactly when jazz was【 23】 , or by whom. But it began to b
12、e【 24】 in the early 1900s. Jazz is America s contribution to【 25】 music. In contrast to classical music, which【 26】 formal European traditions. Jazz is spontaneous and free-form. It bubbles with energy, 【 27】 moods, interests, and emotions of the people. In the 1920s, jazz【 28】 like America. And【 29
13、】 it does today. The【 30】 of this music are as interesting as the music【 31】 , American Negroes, or blacks, as they are called today were the Jazz【 32】 . They were brought to the Southern states【 33】 slaves. They were sold to plantation owners and forced to work long【 34】 . When a Negro died, his fr
14、iends and relatives【 35】 a procession to carry the body to the cemetery. In New Orleans, a band often accompanied the【 36】 . On the way to the cemetery the band played slow, solemn music suited to the occasion, 【 37】 on the way home the mood changed. Spirits lifted. Death had removed one of their【 3
15、8】 , but the living were glad to be alive. The band played【 39】 mu-sic, improvising (即兴表演 ) on both the harmony and the melody of the tunes【 40】 at the funeral. This music made everyone want to dance. It was an early form of Jazz. （ A） Before （ B） At （ C） In （ D） On （ A） music （ B） song （ C） melody
16、（ D） style （ A） discovered （ B） acted （ C） invented （ D） designed （ A） noticed （ B） found （ C） listened （ D） heard （ A） classical （ B） sacred （ C） popular （ D） light （ A） forms （ B） follows （ C） approaches （ D） introduces （ A） expressing （ B） explaining （ C） exposing （ D） illustrating （ A） appeared
17、（ B） felt （ C） seemed （ D） sounded （ A） as （ B） so （ C） either （ D） neither （ A） origins （ B） originals （ C） discoveries （ D） resources （ A） concerned （ B） itself （ C） available （ D） oneself （ A） players （ B） followers （ C） fans （ D） pioneers （ A） for （ B） as （ C） with （ D） by （ A） months （ B） weeks
18、 （ C） hours （ D） times （ A） demonstrated （ B） composed （ C） hosted （ D） formed （ A） demonstration （ B） procession （ C） body （ D） march （ A） Even （ B） Therefore （ C） Furthermore （ D） But （ A） number （ B） members （ C） body （ D） relations （ A） sad （ B） solemn （ C） happy （ D） funeral （ A） whistled （ B）
19、sung （ C） presented （ D） showed Part B Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 40 The big identity-theft bust last week was just a taste of whats to come. Heres how to protect your good name. HERE
20、S THE SCARY THING about the identity-theft ring that the Feds cracked last week: there was nothing any of its estimated 40, 000 victims could have done to prevent it from happening. This was an inside job, according to court documents. A lowly help-desk worker at Teledata Communications, a software
21、firm that helps banks access credit reports online, allegedly stole passwords for those reports and sold them to a group of 20 thieves at $ 60 a pop. That allowed the gang to cherry-pick consumers with good credit and apply for all kinds of accounts in their names. Cost to the victims: $3 million an
22、d rising. Even scarier is that this, the largest identity-theft bust to date, is just a drop in the bit bucket. More than 700, 000 Americans have their credit hijacked every year. Its one of crimes biggest growth markets. A name, address and Social Security number which can often be found on the Web
23、 is all anybody needs to apply for a bogus line of credit. Credit companies make $1.3 trillion annually and lose less than 2% of that revenue to fraud, so theres little financial incentive for them to make the application process more secure. As it stands now, its up to you to protect your identity.
24、 The good news is that there are plenty of steps you can take. Most credit thieves are opportunists , not well-organized gangs. A lot of them go Dumpster diving for those millions of “ pre-approved“ credit-card mailings that go out every day. Others steal wallets and return them, taking only a Socia
25、l Security number. Shredding your junk mail and leaving your Social Security card at home can save a lot of agony later. But the most effective way to keep your identity clean is to check your credit reports once or twice a year. There are three major credit-report outfits: Equifax (at equifax. com)
26、, Trans-Union () and Experian (experian. com). All allow you to order reports online, which is a lot better than wading through voice-mail hell on their 800 lines. Of the three, I found Trans-Unions website to be the cheapest and most comprehensive laying out state-by-state prices, rights and tips f
27、or consumers in easy-to-read fashion. If youre lucky enough to live in Colorado, Georgia, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey or Vermont, you are entitled to one free report a year by law. Otherwise its going to cost $8 to $ 14 each time. Avoid services that offer to monitor your reports year-round
28、for about $ 70; thats $ 10 more than the going rate among thieves. If you think youre a victim of identity theft, you can ask for fraud alerts to be put on file at each of the three credit-report companies. You can also download a theft-report form at www. consumer, gov/idtheft, which, along with a
29、local police report, should help when irate creditors come knocking. Just dont expect justice. That audacious help-desk worker was one of the fewer than 2% of identity thieves who are ever caught. 41 What is the trend of credit-theft crime? （ A） Tightly suppressed. （ B） More frightening. （ C） Rapidl
30、y increasing. （ D） loosely controlled. 42 The expression “inside job“ (Line 3, Paragraph 2) most probably means （ A） a crime that is committed by a person working for the victim. （ B） a crime that should be punished severely. （ C） a crime that does great harm to the victim. （ D） a crime that poses a
31、 great threat to the society. 43 The creditors can protect their identity in the following ways except （ A） destroying your junk mail. （ B） leaving your Social Security card at home. （ C） visiting the credit-report website regularly. （ D） obtaining the free report from the government. 44 Why is it e
32、asy to have credit-theft? （ A） More people are using credit service. （ B） The application program is not safe enough. （ C） Creditors usually disclose their identity. （ D） Creditors are not careful about their identity. 45 What is the best title of the text? （ A） The danger of credit-theft （ B） The l
33、oss of the creditors （ C） How to protect your good name （ D） Why the creditors lose their identity 45 In the 1950s, the pioneers of artificial intelligence (AI) predicted that, by the end of this century , computers would be conversing with us at work and robots would be performing our house-work. B
34、ut as useful as computers are, theyre nowhere close to achieving anything remotely resembling these early aspirations for human like behavior. Never mind something as complex as conversation : the most powerful computers struggle to reliably recognize the shape of an object, the most elementary of t
35、asks for a ten-month-old kid. A growing group of AI researchers think they know where the field went wrong. The problem, the scientists say, is that AI has been trying to separate the highest, most abstract levels of thought, like language and mathematics, and to duplicate them with logical, step-by
36、-step programs. A new movement in AI, on the other hand, takes a closer look at the more roundabout way in which naturally came up with intelligence. Many of these researchers study evolution and natural adaptation instead of formal logic and conventional computer programs. Rather than digital compu
37、ters and transistors, some want to work with brain cells and proteins. The results of these early efforts are as promising as they are peculiar, and the new nature-based AI movement is slowly but surely moving to the forefront of the field. Imitating the brains neural (神经的 ) network is a huge step i
38、n the right direction, says computer scientist and biophysicist Michael Conrad, but it still misses an important aspect of natural intelligence. “People tend to treat the brain as if it were made up of color-coded transistors“ , he explains, “but its not simply a clever network of switches. There ar
39、e lots of important things going on inside the brain cells themselves. “ Specifically, Conrad believes that many of the brains capabilities stem from the patternrecognition proficiency of the individual molecules that make up each brain cell. The best way to build and artificially intelligent device
40、, he claims, would be to build it around the same sort of molecular skills. Right now, the option that conventional computers and software are fundamentally incapable of matching the processes that take place in the brain remains controversial. But if it proves true, then the efforts of Conrad and h
41、is fellow AI rebels could turn out to be the only game in town. 46 The author says that the powerful computers of today （ A） are capable of reliably recognizing the shape of an object. （ B） are close to exhibiting humanlike behavior. （ C） are not very different in their performance from those of the
42、 50s. （ D） still cannot communicate with people in a human language. 47 The new trend in artificial intelligence research stems from （ A） the shift of the focus of study on to the recognition of the shapes of objects. （ B） the belief that human intelligence cannot be duplicated with logical, step-by
43、-step programs. （ C） the aspirations of scientists to duplicate the intelligence of a ten-month-old child. （ D） the efforts made by scientists in the study of the similarities between transistors and brain cells. 48 Conrad and his group of AI researchers have been making enormous efforts to （ A） fin
44、d a roundabout way to design powerful computers. （ B） build a computer using a clever network of switches. （ C） find out how intelligence developed in nature. （ D） separate the highest and most abstract levels of thought. 49 Whats the authors opinion about the new AI movement? （ A） It has created a
45、sensation among artificial intelligence researchers, but it will soon die out. （ B） Its a breakthrough in duplicating human thought processes. （ C） Its more like a peculiar game rather than a real scientific effort. （ D） It may prove to be in the right direction though nobody is sure of its future p
46、rospects. 50 Which of the following is closest in meaning to the phrase “the only game in town“ (Line 3, Para. 4)? （ A） The only approach to building an artificially intelligent computer. （ B） The only way for them to win a prize in artificial intelligence research. （ C） The only area worth studying
47、 in computer science. （ D） The only game they would like to play in town. 50 Being a man has always been dangerous. There are about 105 males born for every 100 females , but this ratio drops to near balance at the age of maturity, and among 70-year-olds there are twice as many women as men. But the
48、 great universal of male mortality is being changed. Now, boy babies survive almost as well as girls do. This means that, for the first time, there will be an excess of boys in those crucial years when they are searching for a mate. More important, another chance for natural selection has been remov
49、ed. Fifty years ago, the chance of a baby (particularly a boy baby) surviving depended on its weight. A kilogram too light or too heavy meant almost certain death. Today it makes almost no difference. Since much of the variation is due to genes, one more agent of evolution has gone. There is another way to commit evolutionary suicide: stay alive, but have fewer children. Few people are as fertile as in the past. Except in some religious communities, very few women have 15 children. Nowadays the number of births, like the age of death, ha
