1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 190及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twi
2、ce. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 PART C Directions: You will he
3、ar three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear eac
4、h piece ONLY ONCE. 11 What does each vanity stamp cost? （ A） $8.80 （ B） $0.88 （ C） $10 （ D） $5 12 What are the usage of these vanity stamps? （ A） They can be used normally to mail a letter. （ B） They can only be used for exhibition. （ C） They are used to attract more tourists. （ D） They are used to
5、post on famous buildings. 13 Why does Japan print vanity stamps? （ A） Because the Japanese like taking photographs. （ B） Because the Japanese like writing letters to each other. （ C） Because the Japanese postal officials want to print a special stamp to catch worldwide attention. （ D） Because the Ja
6、panese postal officials hope these stamps will help promote interest in letter-writing. 14 When was euro launched? （ A） 1992 （ B） 1995 （ C） 1999 （ D） 2001 15 Why did the worth of euro drop? （ A） It dropped due to the weakness of the eurozone economies and the inexperience of the European Central Ban
7、k in dealing with the international markets. （ B） People in most European countries refused to use euro instead of their own currency. （ C） Counterfeiters made a lot of fake notes since people were not familiar with the new currency. （ D） Some countries are not ready for the euro. They stopped using
8、 euro in daily purchasing. 16 Why are the eight coins of euro different in composition, weight, thickness, and milling? （ A） Because each nation wants to keep its characteristics. （ B） Because they are designed by different artists from 8 countries. （ C） Because it will enable the blind to distingui
9、sh between them easily. （ D） Because Denmark and other countries want to have their own coins. 17 Why does the woman say she has mixed feeling ? （ A） She wasnt quite ready to come back to campus. （ B） There are more endangered species in zoos than in the wild. （ C） The birds wont learn to keep away
10、from people. （ D） She might change her major. 18 What was the womans job? （ A） Counting wildlife （ B） Cleaning cages （ C） Training baby birds （ D） Making puppets 19 Why does the man mention tigers and pandas? （ A） He once had a job in a zoo. （ B） Theyre familiar examples of endangered species. （ C）
11、Hes interested in the genetics of mammals. （ D） They also become attached to humans. 20 Why do the staff members cover themselves with cloth as they work? （ A） So that they are protected from scratches by the cranes talons. （ B） So that they arent exposed to infectious diseases. （ C） So that the chi
12、cks can be examined in a sterile environment. （ D） So that the chicks dont become dependent on human being. 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 Standard English is the
13、variety of English which is usually used in print and which is normally taught in schools and to non-native speakers learning the language. It is also the variety which is normally 21 by educated people and used in news broadcasts and other 22 situations. The difference between standard and nonstand
14、ard, it should be noted, has 23 in principle to do with differences between formal and colloquial 24; standard English has colloquial as well as formal variants. 25 , the standard variety of English is based on the London 26 of English that developed after the Norman Conquest resulted in the removal
15、 of the Court from Winchester to London. This dialect became the one 27 by the educated, and it was developed and promoted 28 a model, or norm, for wider and wider segments of society. It was also the 29 that was carried overseas, but not one unaffected by such export. Today, 30 English is arranged
16、to the extent that the grammar and vocabulary of English are 31 the same everywhere in the world where English is used; 32 among local standards is really quite minor, 33 the Singapore, South Africa, and Irish varieties are really very 34 different from one another so far as grammar and vocabulary a
17、re 35 . Indeed, Standard English is so powerful that it exerts a tremendous 36 on all local varieties, to the extent that many of long-established dialects of England have 37 much of their vigor and there is considerable pressure on them to be 38 . This latter situation is not unique 39 English; it
18、is also true in other countries where processes of standardization are 40 . But it sometimes creates problems for speakers who try to strike some kind of compromise between local norms and national, even supranational (跨国的 ) ones. （ A） said （ B） told （ C） talked （ D） spoken （ A） same （ B） similar （
19、C） equal （ D） identical （ A） anything （ B） something （ C） nothing （ D） everything （ A） language （ B） vocabulary （ C） idioms （ D） words （ A） Surprisingly （ B） Historically （ C） Interestingly （ D） Generally （ A） accent （ B） pronunciation （ C） spelling （ D） dialect （ A） preferred （ B） learned （ C） prai
20、sed （ D） created （ A） to （ B） in （ C） as （ D） for （ A） basis （ B） norm （ C） rule （ D） variety （ A） formal （ B） colloquial （ C） non-standard （ D） standard （ A） not （ B） very （ C） much （ D） hardly （ A） variation （ B） standardization （ C） unification （ D） transformation （ A） therefore （ B） but （ C） so
21、that （ D） nevertheless （ A） great （ B） much （ C） no （ D） little （ A） talked （ B） concerned （ C） mentioned （ D） involved （ A） press （ B） pressure （ C） power （ D） force （ A） lost （ B） gained （ C） missed （ D） got （ A） abandoned （ B） changed （ C） standardized （ D） reformed （ A） in （ B） of （ C） for （ D）
22、to （ A） in the way （ B） under way （ C） out of the way （ D） all the way Part B Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 40 A study by scientists in Finland has found that mobile phone radiation can
23、cause changes in human cells that might affect the brain, the leader of the research team said. But Darius Leszczynski, who headed the 2-year study and will present findings next week at a conference in Quebec (魁北克 ), said more research was needed to determine the seriousness of the changes and thei
24、r impact on the brain or the body. The study at Finlands Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority found that exposure to radiation from mobile phones can cause increased activity in hundreds of proteins in human cells grown in a laboratory, he said. “We know that there is some biological response. We
25、can detect it with our very sensitive approaches, but we do not know whether it can have any physiological effects on the human brain or human body,“ Leszczynski said. Nonetheless the study, the initial findings of which were published last month in the scientific journal Differentiation, raises new
26、 questions about whether mobile phone radiation can weaken the brains protective shield against harmful substances. The study focused on changes in cells that line blood vessels and on whether such changes could weaken the functioning of the blood-brain barrier, which prevents potentially harmful su
27、bstances from entering the brain from the bloodstream, Leszczynski said. The study found that a protein called hsp27 linked to the functioning of the blood-brain barrier showed increased activity due to irradiation and pointed to a possibility that such activity could make the shield more permeable(
28、能透过的 ), he said. “Increased protein activity might cause cells to shrink not the blood vessels but the cells themselves and then tiny gaps could appear between those cells through which some molecules could pass. “ he said. Leszczynski declined to speculate on what kind of health risks that could po
29、se, but said a French study indicated that headache, fatigue and sleep disorders could result. “These are not life-threatening problems but can cause a lot of discomfort,“ he said, adding that a Swedish group had also suggested a possible link with Alzheimers disease. “Where the truth is I do not kn
30、ow,“ he said. Leszczynski said that he, his wife and children use mobile phones, and he said that he did not think his study suggested any need for new restrictions on mobile phone use. 41 According to Leszczynski, how does mobile phone affect ones health? （ A） Mobile phone radiation can increase pr
31、otein activities and such activities can make the protective shield more permeable. （ B） Mobile phone radiation can shrink the blood vessels and prevent blood from flowing smoothly. （ C） Mobile phone radiation will bring stress to people exposed to it. （ D） Mobile phone radiation kills blood cells a
32、t a rapid speed. 42 Whats the result of the French study? （ A） The harm of mobile phone radiation is life-threatening. （ B） Mobile phone may affect ones normal way of thinking. （ C） Sleep disorders could result from mobile phone radiation. （ D） A protein called hsp27 is killed by mobile phone radiat
33、ion. 43 What kind of disease is not caused by the use of mobile phone? （ A） Fatigue. （ B） Headache. （ C） Alzheimers disease. （ D） Tuberculosis. 44 According to the passage, what would be the future of the use of mobile phone? （ A） People will be forbidden to use mobile phone. （ B） People dare not us
34、e mobile phone because of its radiation. （ C） People will continue to use mobile phone. （ D） There will be new restrictions on the use of mobile phone. 45 Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? （ A） The research in Finland found that mobile phone radiation will affect ones brai
35、n. （ B） Mobile phone radiation can cause increased activity in hundreds of protein in human cells. （ C） Increased protein activity might cause cells to shrink. （ D） Lszczynski forbade his wife and children to use mobile phone after his research. 45 The proportion of works cut for the cinema in Brita
36、in dropped from 40 percent when I joined the BBFC in 1975 to less than 4 percent when I left. But I dont think that 20 years from now it will be possible to regulate any medium as closely as I regulated film. The Internet is, of course, the greatest problem for this century. The world will have to f
37、ind a means, through some sort of international treaty of United Nations initiative, to control the material thats now going totally unregulated into peoples homes. That said, it will only take one little country like Paraguay to refuse to sign a treaty for transmission to be unstoppable. Parental c
38、ontrol is never going to be sufficient. Im still very worried about the impact of violent video games, even though researchers say their impact is moderated by the fact that players dont so much experience the game as enjoy the technical manoeuvres (策略 ) that enable you to win. But in respect of vio
39、lence in mainstream films, Im more optimistic. Quite suddenly, tastes have changed, and its no longer Stallone or Schwarzenegger who are the top stars, but Leonardo DiCaprio that has taken everybody by surprise. Go through the most successful films in Europe and America now and you will find virtual
40、ly none that are violent. Quentin Tarantino didnt usher in a new, violent generation, and films are becoming much more prosocial than one would have expected. Cinemagoing will undoubtedly survive. The new multiplexes are a glorious experience, offering perfect sound and picture and very comfortable
41、seats, things which had died out in the 1980s. I cant believe weve achieved that only to throw it away in favor of huddling a-round a 14-inch computer monitor to watch digitally-delivered movies at home. It will become increasingly cheap to make films, with cameras becoming smaller and lighter but r
42、emaining very precise. That means greater chances for new talent to emerge, as it will be much easier for people to learn how to be better film-makers. Peoples working lives will be shorter in the future, and once retired they will spend a lot of time learning to do things that amuse them like makin
43、g videos. Fifty years on we could well be media-saturated as producers as well as audience; instead of writing letters, one will send little home movies entitled My Week. 46 Which of the following about Internet is true according to the passage? （ A） The Internet is the greatest progress for this ce
44、ntury. （ B） Efforts are needed to control Internet. （ C） Paraguay refused to sign a treaty for transmission. （ D） The United Nations has found ways to prevent Internet from developing. 47 What kind of film does the author dislike? （ A） Violent films. （ B） Comedy. （ C） European films. （ D） Films acte
45、d by Leonardo. 48 What does “that“ in “I cant believe weve achieved that only to throw it away I favor. . . “(Para. 5) refer to? （ A） Digitally-delivered movies （ B） Multiplexes （ C） Advanced camera （ D） Sound 49 What is the authors attitude toward the future of film? （ A） Positive （ B） Negative （ C
46、） Uncertain （ D） Worried 50 What does “media-saturated“ in “Fifty years on we could well be media-saturated as . “ (Para. 6) mean? （ A） Be tired of media （ B） Be fully affected by media （ C） Be driven mad by media （ D） Be benefited by media 50 Culture is the sum total of all the traditions, customs,
47、 belief and ways of life of a given group of human beings. In this sense, every group has a culture, however savage, undeveloped, or uncivilized it may seem to us. To the professional anthropologist, there is no intrinsic superiority of one culture over another, just as to the professional linguist
48、there is no intrinsic hierarchy among languages. People once thought of the languages of backward groups as savage, undeveloped form of speech, consisting largely of grunts and groans. While it is possible that language in general began as a series of grunts and groans, it is a fact established by t
49、he study of “backward“ languages that no spoken tongue answers that description today. Most languages of uncivilized groups are, by our most severe standards, extremely complex, delicate, and ingenious pieces of machinery for the transfer of ideas. They fall behind the Western languages not in their sound patterns or grammatical structures, which usually are fully adequate for all language needs, but only in their vocabularies, which reflect the objects and activities known to their speakers. Even in this department, however, two things are to be no
