1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 192及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twi
2、ce. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 PART C Directions: You will he
3、ar three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear eac
4、h piece ONLY ONCE. 11 What is Freuds contributions to psychology? （ A） Human personality （ B） His conscious theory （ C） His free will （ D） Personality theory 12 What did Freud think about one of his patients remarks “Ill pay you later, Dr. Freud. “? （ A） He was joking with Freud. （ B） He played in F
5、reuds office. （ C） He unconsciously revealed his intention of refusing to pay. （ D） He only made his empty promise to Freud. 13 What was Freud primarily interested in? （ A） Money （ B） Jewish independence （ C） University setting （ D） Theory 14 According to the passage, the average I. Q. is_. （ A） 85
6、（ B） 100 （ C） 110 （ D） 125 15 This passage suggests that an individuals I. Q. _. （ A） can be predicted at birth （ B） stays the same throughout his life （ C） can be increased by education （ D） is determined by his childhood 16 The best statement of the main idea of the passage is that_. （ A） human br
7、ains differ considerably （ B） the brain a person is born with is important in determining his intelligence （ C） environment is crucial in determining a persons intelligence （ D） persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence 17 Mark Twains letter about the Statue of Liberty_
8、. （ A） represented a serious question as to the need for the statue （ B） was a put-on by a journalist （ C） raised a great deal of money （ D） poked fun at the French 18 How many years elapsed from the conception of the statue until its completion? （ A） 11 years （ B） 16 years （ C） 26 years （ D） 21 yea
9、rs 19 French engineering genius is seen in the Statue of Liberty in_. （ A） design of its base （ B） design of its stressed sheathing （ C） locating the statue without disrupting harbor traffic （ D） keeping the flame lit 20 The Statue of Libertys development embarrassed Americans in the 1880s because （
10、 A） they took so long to raise the money （ B） it was apparent the statue was mislocated （ C） its design was tasteless （ D） they felt that the concept was a waste of money 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and m
11、ark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 On April 20, 2000, in Accra, Ghana, the leaders of six West African countries declared their intention to proceed to monetary union among the non-CFA franc countries of the re-gion by January 2003, as first step toward a wider monetary union including all the E
12、COWAS countries in 2004. The six countries 21 themselves to reducing central bank financing of budget deficits 22 10 percent of the previous years government 23 ; reducing budget deficits to 4 percent of the second phase by 2003; creating a Convergence Council to help 24 macroeconomic policies; and
13、25 up a common central bank. Their declaration 26 that, “Member States 27 the need 28 strong political commitment and 29 to 30 all such national policies 31 would facilitate the regional monetary integration process. “ The goal of a monetary union in ECOWAS has long been an objective of the organiza
14、tion, going back to its formation in 1975, and is intended to 32 broader integration process that would include enhanced regional trade and 33 institutions. In the colonial period, currency boards linked sets of countries in the region. 34 independence, 35 , these currency boards were 36 , with the
15、37 of the CFA franc zone, which included the francophone countries of the region. Although there have been attempts to advance the agenda of ECOWAS monetary cooperation, political problems and other economic priorities in several of the regions countries have to 38 inhibited progress. Although some
16、problems remain, the recent initiative has been bolstered by the election in 1999 of a democratic government and a leader who is committed to regional 39 in Nigeria, the largest economy of the region, raising hopes that the long-delayed project can be 40 . （ A） committed （ B） devoted （ C） adjusted （
17、 D） attributed （ A） to （ B） by （ C） with （ D） until （ A） finance （ B） profit （ C） income （ D） revenue （ A） coordinate （ B） draft （ C） ordinate （ D） compromise （ A） building （ B） setting （ C） founding （ D） erecting （ A） says （ B） writes （ C） reads （ D） states （ A） accept （ B） understand （ C） recogniz
18、e （ D） realize （ A） for （ B） of （ C） with （ D） without （ A） commence （ B） undertake （ C） initiate （ D） try （ A） pursue （ B） seek （ C） quest （ D） explore （ A） which （ B） that （ C） as （ D） what （ A） accompany （ B） enforce （ C） execute （ D） compel （ A） common （ B） separate （ C） several （ D） public （ A）
19、 Towards （ B） From （ C） By （ D） On （ A） therefore （ B） moreover （ C） however （ D） thus （ A） dissolved （ B） discharged （ C） dismissed （ D） dispelled （ A） consideration （ B） intention （ C） exception （ D） regard （ A） date （ B） deter （ C） hinder （ D） delay （ A） development （ B） prosperity （ C） integrati
20、on （ D） cooperation （ A） revived （ B） renew （ C） restore （ D） refreshed Part B Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 40 If you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile, you must know
21、 how to identify shared experiences and problems. Your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view. Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be differen
22、t. If you are talking to a group of managers, you may refer to the disorganized methods of their secretaries; alternatively if you are addressing secretaries, you may want to comment on their disorganized bosses. Here is an example, which I heard at a nurses convention, of a story which works well b
23、ecause the audience all shared the same view of doctors. A man arrives in heaven and is being shown around by St. Peter. He sees wonderful accommodations, beautiful gardens, sunny weather, and so on. Everyone is very peaceful, polite and friendly until, waiting in a line for lunch, the new arrival i
24、s suddenly pushed aside by a man in a white coat, who rushes to the head of the line, grabs his food and stomps over to a table himself. “Who is that?“ the new arrival asked St. Peter. “Oh, thats God, “came the reply, “but sometimes he thinks hes a doctor. “ If you are part of the group which you ar
25、e addressing, you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and itll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairmans notorious bad taste in ties. With other audiences you mustnt attempt to cut in with hu
26、mor as they will resent an outsider making disparaging remarks about their canteen of their chairman. You will be on safer ground if you stick to scapegoats like the Post Office or the telephone system. If you feel awkward being humorous, you must practice so that it becomes more natu-ral. Include a
27、 few casual and apparently off-the-cuff remarks which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforced manner. Often its the delivery which causes the audience to smile, so speak slowly and remember that a raised eyebrow or an unbelieving look may help to show that you are making a light hearted remark. Lo
28、ok for the humor. It often comes from the unexpected. A twist on a familiar quote “If at first you dont succeed, give up“ or a play on words or on a situation. Search for exaggeration and understatements. Look at your talk and pick out a few words or sentences which you can turn about and inject wit
29、h humor. 41 To make your humor work, you should_. （ A） take advantage of different kinds of audience （ B） make fun of the disorganized people （ C） address different problems to different people （ D） show sympathy for your listeners 42 The joke about doctors implies that, in the eyes of nurses, they
30、are_. （ A） impolite to new arrivals （ B） very conscious of their godlike role （ C） entitled to some privileges （ D） very busy even during lunch hours 43 It can be inferred from the text that public service_. （ A） have benefited many people （ B） are the focus of public attention （ C） are an inappropr
31、iate subject for humor （ D） have often been the laughing stock 44 To achieve the desired result, humorous stones should be delivered_. （ A） in well-worded language （ B） as awkwardly as possible （ C） in exaggerated statements （ D） as casually as possible 45 The best title for the text may be_. （ A） U
32、se Humor Effectively （ B） Various Kinds of Humor （ C） Add Humor to Speech （ D） Different Humor Strategies 45 Since the dawn of human ingenuity, people have devised ever more cunning tools to cope with work that is dangerous, boring, burdensome, or just plain nasty. That compulsion has resulted in ro
33、boticsthe science of conferring various human capabilities on machines. And if scientists have yet to create the mechanical version of science fiction, they have begun to come close. As a result, the modern world is increasingly populated by intelligent gizmos whose presence we barely notice but who
34、se universal existence has removed much human labor. Our factories hum to the rhythm of robot assembly arms. Our banking is done at automated teller terminals that thank us with mechanical politeness for the transaction. Our subway trains are controlled by tireless robo-drivers. And thanks to the co
35、ntinual miniaturization of electronics and micro-mechanics, there are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with submillimeter accuracyfar greater precision that highly skilled physicians can achieve with their hands alone. But if robots are to reach the next st
36、age of laborsaving utility, they will have to operate with less human supervision and be able to make at least a few decisions for themselves goals that pose a real challenge. “While we know how to tell a robot to handle a specific error, “says Dave Lavery, manager of a robotics program at NASA, “we
37、 cant yet give a robot enough common sense to reliably interact with a dynamic world. “ Indeed the quest for true artificial intelligence has produced very mixed results. Despite a spell of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when it appeared that transistor circuits and microprocessors might be
38、 able to copy the action of the human brain by the year 2010, researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by decades if not centuries. What they found, in attempting to model thought, is that the human brains roughly one hundred billion nerve cells are much more talentedand human perceptio
39、n far more complicatedthan previously imagined. They have built robots that can recognize the error of a machine panel by a fraction of a millimeter in a controlled factory environment. But the human mind can glimpse a rapidly changing scene and immediately disregard the 98 percent that is irrelevan
40、t, instantaneously focusing on the monkey at the side of winding forest road or the single suspicious face in a big crowd. The most advanced computer system on Earth cant approach that kind of ability, and neuroscientists still dont know quite how we do it. 46 Human ingenuity was initially demonstra
41、ted in_. （ A） the use of machines to produce science fiction （ B） the wide use of machines in manufacturing industry （ C） the invention of tools for difficult and dangerous work （ D） the elites cunning tackling of dangerous and boring work 47 The word “gizmos“ (line 1, paragraph 2) most probably mea
42、ns_. （ A） programs （ B） experts （ C） devices （ D） creatures 48 According to the text, what is beyond mans ability now is to design a robot that can （ A） fulfill delicate tasks like performing brain surgery （ B） interact with human beings verbally （ C） have a little common sense （ D） respond independ
43、ently to a changing world 49 Besides reducing human labor, robots can also_. （ A） make a few decisions for themselves （ B） deal with some errors with human intervention （ C） improve factory environments （ D） cultivate human creativity 50 The author uses the example of a monkey to argue that robots a
44、re_. （ A） expected to copy human brain in internal structure （ B） able to perceive abnormalities immediately （ C） far less able than human brain in focusing on relevant information （ D） best used in a controlled environment 50 Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return? Since OPEC
45、 agreed to supply-cuts in March, the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $ 26 a barrel, up from less than $ 10 last December. This near-tripling of oil price calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shocks resulted in double-digit inflation and global economic decline. So where are the headlines
46、warning of gloom and doom this time? The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports. Strengthening economic growth, at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere, could push the price higher still in the short term. Yet there are good reasons to expect t
47、he economic consequences now to be less severe than in the 1970s. In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the 1970s. In Europe, taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price, so even quite big changes in the price of cr
48、ude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past. Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were, and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price. Energy conservation, a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced
49、 oil consumption. Software, consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production. For each dollar of GDP (in constant prices) rich economies now use nearly 50% less oil than in 1973. The OECD estimated in its latest Economic Outlook that, if oil prices averaged $ 22 a barrel for a full year, compared with $ 13 in 1998, this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25 0.5% of GDP. That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974
