1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 194及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twi
2、ce. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 PART C Directions: You will he
3、ar three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear eac
4、h piece ONLY ONCE. 11 The first Olympic Games took place_. （ A） in the seventh century A. D. （ B） certainly before 700 B. C. （ C） over three thousand years ago （ D） a thousand years ago 12 At the ancient Olympic Games, any competitor had to be_. （ A） slaves （ B） male （ C） female （ D） prisoners 13 Du
5、ring the Games, on the evening before the moon was full_. （ A） sheep and cattle were sacrificed to Zeus （ B） all the victors were crowned with garlands （ C） olive branches were gathered from a sacred wood （ D） the heroes were honored with sacrificial offerings 14 When did Poe start publishing his po
6、etry and stories and pursue a career in journalism? （ A） In the early 1810s. （ B） In the early 1820s. （ C） In the early 1830s. （ D） In the early 1840s. 15 How old was he when Poe died? （ A） 30 （ B） 40 （ C） 50 （ D） 60 16 Which is not considered as Poes finest poems? （ A） To Helen （ B） Annabel Lee （ C
7、） The Raven （ D） The Tell-Tale Heart 17 Which word best describes the lawyers prediction of the change in divorce rate? （ A） Fall （ B） Rise （ C） V-shape （ D） Zigzag 18 What do people nowadays desire to do concerning their marriage? （ A） To embrace changes of thought （ B） To adapt to the disintegrate
8、d family life （ C） To return to the practice in the 60s and 70s （ D） To create stability in their lives 19 Why did some people choose not to divorce 20 years ago? （ A） They feared the complicated procedures. （ B） They wanted to go against the trend. （ C） They were afraid of losing face. （ D） They we
9、re willing to stay together. 20 Years ago a divorced man in a company would have_. （ A） been shifted around the country （ B） had difficulty being promoted （ C） enjoyed a happier life （ D） tasted little bitterness of disgrace 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following te
10、xt. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 The government is to ban payments to witnesses by newspapers seeking to buy up people involved in prominent cases 21 the trial of Rosemary West. In a significant 22 of legal controls over the press, Lord Irv
11、ine, the Lord Chancellor, will introduce a 23 bill that will propose making payments to witnesses 24 and will strictly control the amount of 25 that can be given to a case 26 a trial begins. In a letter to Gerald Kaufman, chairman of the House of Commons media select committee, Lord Irvine said he 2
12、7 with a committee report this year which said that self-regulation did not 28 sufficient control. 29 of the letter came two days after Lord Irvine caused a 30 of media protest when he said the 31 of privacy controls contained in European legislation would be left to judges 32 to Parliament. The Lor
13、d Chancellor said introduction of the Human Rights Bill, which 33 the European Convention on Human Rights legally 34 in Britain, laid down that everybody was 35 to privacy and that public figures could go to court to protect themselves and their families. “Press freedoms will be in safe hands 36 our
14、 British judges,“ he said. Witness payments became an 37 after West was sentenced to 10 life sentences in 1995. Up to 19 witnesses were 38 to have received payments for telling their stories to newspapers. Concerns were raised 39 witnesses might be encouraged to exaggerate their stories in court to
15、40 guilty verdicts. （ A） as to （ B） for instance （ C） in particular （ D） such as （ A） tightening （ B） intensifying （ C） focusing （ D） fastening （ A） sketch （ B） rough （ C） preliminary （ D） draft （ A） illogical （ B） illegal （ C） improbable （ D） improper （ A） publicity （ B） penalty （ C） popularity （ D
16、） peculiarity （ A） since （ B） if （ C） before （ D） as （ A） sided （ B） shared （ C） complied （ D） agreed （ A） present （ B） offer （ C） manifest （ D） indicate （ A） Release （ B） Publication （ C） Printing （ D） Exposure （ A） storm （ B） rage （ C） flare （ D） flash （ A） translation （ B） interpretation （ C） exh
17、ibition （ D） demonstration （ A） better than （ B） other than （ C） rather than （ D） sooner than （ A） changes （ B） makes （ C） sets （ D） turns （ A） binding （ B） convincing （ C） restraining （ D） sustaining （ A） authorized （ B） credited （ C） entitled （ D） qualified （ A） with （ B） to （ C） from （ D） by （ A）
18、 impact （ B） incident （ C） inference （ D） issue （ A） stated （ B） remarked （ C） said （ D） told （ A） what （ B） when （ C） which （ D） that （ A） assure （ B） confide （ C） ensure （ D） guarantee Part B Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D .
19、 Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 40 British cancer researchers have found that childhood leukaemia is caused by an infection and clusters of cases around industrial sites are the result of population mixing that increases exposure. The research published in the British Journal of Cancer backs u
20、p a 1988 theory that some as yet unidentified infection caused leukaemianot the environmental factors widely blamed for the disease. “Childhood leukaemia appears to be an unusual result of a common infection,“ said Sir Richard Doll, an internationally-known cancer expert who first linked tobacco wit
21、h lung cancer in 1950. “A virus is the most likely explanation. You would get an increased risk of it if you suddenly put a lot of people from large towns in a rural area, where you might have people who had not been exposed to the infection. “ Doll was commenting on the new findings by researchers
22、at Newcastle University, which focused on a cluster of leukaemia cases a-round the Sellafield nuclear reprocessing plant in Cumbria in northern England. Scientists have been trying to establish why there was more leukaemia in children around the Sellafield area, but have failed to establish a link w
23、ith radiation or pollution. The Newcastle University research by Heather Dickinson and Louise Parker showed the cluster of cases could have been predicted because of the amount of population mixing going on in the area, as large numbers of construction workers and nuclear staff moved into a rural se
24、tting. “Our study shows that population mixing can account for the (Sellafield) leukaemia cluster and that all children, whether their parents are incomers or locals, are at a higher risk if they are born in an area of high population mixing,“ Dickinson said in a statement issued by the Cancer Resea
25、rch Campaign, which published the British Journal of Cancer. Their paper adds crucial weight to the 1988 theory put forward by Leo Kinlen, a cancer epidemiologist at Oxford University, who said that exposure to a common unidentified infection through population mixing resulted in the disease. 41 Who
26、 first hinted at the possible cause of childhood leukaemia by infection? （ A） Leo Kinlen （ B） Richard Doll （ C） Louise Parker （ D） Heather Dickinson 42 Which statement can be supported by Heather Dickinson and Louise Parkers new findings? （ A） Radiation has contributed to the disease. （ B） Putting a
27、 lot of people from rural area in large towns increases the risk of childhood leukaemia. （ C） Population mixing is the most important reason for leukaemia cluster. （ D） Childhood leukaemia is caused by an unusual infection. 43 According to the passage， which of the following is true? （ A） Most peopl
28、e believe childhood leukaemia is due to environmental factors. （ B） Population mixing best explains the cause of childhood leukaemia. （ C） Radiation has nothing to do with childhood leukaemia. （ D） Children born in a large town are at higher risk of leukaemia. 44 Cancer Research Campaign is most pos
29、sibly a_. （ A） medical journal （ B） research institute （ C） private company （ D） governmental agency 45 This passage is mainly about_. （ A） the cluster of leukaemia cases around the Sellafield nuclear reprocessing part （ B） the kind of infection that causes childhood leukaemia （ C） the causes of chi
30、ldhood leukaemia （ D） a new finding by British scientists 45 For me, scientific knowledge is divided into mathematical sciences, natural sciences or sciences dealing with the natural world (physical and biological sciences), and sciences dealing with mankind (psychology, sociology, all the sciences
31、of cultural achievements, every kind of historical knowledge). Apart from these sciences is philosophy, about which we will talk later. In the first place, all this is pure of theoretical knowledge, sought only for the purpose of understanding, in order to fulfil the need to understand what is intri
32、nsic and con-substantial to man. What distinguishes man from animal is that he knows and needs to know. If man did not know that the world existed, and that the world was of a certain kind, that he was in the world and that he himself was of a certain kind, he wouldnt be man. The technical aspects o
33、r applications of knowledge are equally necessary for man and are of the greatest importance because they also contribute to defining him as man and permit him to pursue a life increasingly more truly human. But even while enjoying the results of technical progress, he must defend the primacy and au
34、tonomy of pure knowledge. Knowledge sought directly for its practical applications will have immediate and foreseeable success, but not the kind of important result whose rev-olutionary scope is in large part unforeseen, except by the imagination of the Utopians. Let me recall a well-known example.
35、If the Greek mathematicians had not applied themselves to the investigation of conic sections, zealously and without the least suspicion that it might someday be useful, it would not have been possible centuries later to navigate far from shore. The first man to study nature of electricity could not
36、 imagine that their experiments, carried on because of mere intellectual curiosity, would eventually lead to modern electrical technology, without which we can scarcely conceive of contemporary life. Pure knowledge is valuable for its own sake, because the human spirit cannot resign itself to ignora
37、nce. But, in addition, it is the foundation for practical results that would not have been reached if this knowledge had not been sought disinterestedly. 46 The most important advances made by mankind come from_. （ A） apparently useless information （ B） the natural sciences （ C） philosophy （ D） tech
38、nical applications 47 The author does not include among the science the study of_. （ A） Astronomy （ B） Literature （ C） Chemistry （ D） Economics 48 In the paragraph that follows this passage, we may expect the author to discuss_. （ A） unforeseen discoveries （ B） philosophy （ C） the value of pure rese
39、arch （ D） the value of technical research 49 The author points out that the Greeks who studied conic section_. （ A） were unaware of the value of their studies （ B） were mathematicians （ C） resigned （ D） were interested in navigation 50 The practical scientist_. （ A） is a philosopher （ B） is interest
40、ed in the unknown （ C） knows the value of what he will discover （ D） knows that the world exists 50 Opinion polls are now beginning to show an unwilling general agreement that, whoever is to blame and whatever happens from now on, high unemployment is probably here to stay. This means we shall have
41、to find ways of sharing the available employment more widely. But we need to go further. We must ask some fundamental questions about the future of work. Should we continue to treat employment as the norm? Should we not create conditions in which many of us can work for ourselves, rather than for an
42、 employer? Should we not aim to revive the household and the neighbourhood, as well as the factory and the office, as centres of production and work? The industrial age has been the only period of human history in which most peoples work has taken the form of jobs. The industrial age may now be comi
43、ng to an end, and some of the changes in work patterns which it brought about may have to be reversed. This seems a discouraging thought. But, in fact, it could offer the prospect of a better future for work. Universal employment, as its history shows, has not meant economic freedom. Employment beca
44、me widespread when the enclosures of the 17th and 18th centuries made many people dependent on paid work by depriving them of the use of the land, and thus of the means to provide a living for themselves. Then the factory system destroyed the cottage industries and removed work from peoples homes. L
45、ater, as transport improved, first by rail and then by road, people travelled longer distances to their places of employment until, eventually, many peoples work lost all connection with their home lives and places in which they lived. Meanwhile, employment put women at a disadvantage. It became cus
46、tomary for the husband to go out paid employment, leaving the unpaid work of the home and family to his wife. All this may now have to change. The time has certainly come to switch some efforts and resources away from the impractical goal of creating jobs for all, to the urgent practical task of hel
47、ping many people to manage without full-time jobs. 51 What idea did the author derive from the recent opinion polls? （ A） New jobs must be created in order to rectify high unemployment figures. （ B） Available employment should be restricted to a small percentage of the population. （ C） The present h
48、igh unemployment figures are a fact of life. （ D） Jobs available must be distributed among more people. 52 The passage suggests that we should now re-examine our thinking about work and （ A） be prepared to fill in time by taking up housework （ B） set up smaller private enterprises so that we in turn
49、 can employ others （ C） create more factories in order to increase our productivity （ D） be prepared to admit that being employed is not the only kind of work 53 The passage tells us that the arrival of the industrial age meant that_. （ A） economic freedom came within everyones reach （ B） patterns of work were fundamentally changed （ C） to survive, everyone had to find a job （ D） universal employment guaranteed prosperity 54 As a result of the enclosures of the 17th and 18th centuries, _. （ A） people were not
