1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 196及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twi
2、ce. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 PART C Directions: You will he
3、ar three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear eac
4、h piece ONLY ONCE. 11 How many chickens become the KFC chains fried meals every year?_ （ A） 500 million. （ B） 600 million. （ C） 700 million. （ D） 800 million. 12 Which of the following suggestions has NOT been raised by the Ethical Treatment of Animals? _ （ A） To improve the diets of hens. （ B） To m
5、ove chickens into large farms. （ C） To make chickens sleep before they are killed. （ D） To improve chickens lives. 13 What is Ian Duncans attitude towards the Ethical Treatment of Animals now? _ （ A） Positive. （ B） Negative. （ C） Indifferent. （ D） No specific idea. 14 Main languages used for normal
6、lessons at Pacific College are_. （ A） English （ B） French （ C） Spanish （ D） Both A and B 15 What is the fee for one year? _. （ A） $1200 （ B） $2400 （ C） $1500 （ D） $4200 16 Apart from academic ability, what should be considered when one applies for scholarship? （ A） Hobby （ B） Special activities （ C）
7、 Maturity （ D） Nationality 17 Mark Twains letter about the Statue of Liberty_. （ A） represented a serious question as to the need for the statue （ B） was a put-on by a journalist （ C） raised a great deal of money （ D） poked fun at the French 18 How many years elapsed from the conception of the statu
8、e until its completion? （ A） 11 years. （ B） 16 years. （ C） 26 years. （ D） 21 years 19 French engineering genius is seen in the Statue of Liberty in_. （ A） design of its base （ B） design of its stressed sheathing （ C） locating the statue without disrupting harbor traffic （ D） keeping the flame lit 20
9、 The Statue of Libertys development embarrassed Americans in the 1880s because （ A） they took so long to raise the money （ B） it was apparent the statue was mislocated （ C） its design was tasteless （ D） they felt that the concept was a waste of money 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directi
10、ons: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 Many foreigners who have not visited Britain call all the inhabitants English, for they are used to thinking of the British Isles as England. 21 , the British Isles contain a variet
11、y of peoples, and only the people of England call themselves English. The others 22 to themselves as Welsh, Scottish, or Irish, 23 the case may be; they are often slightly annoyed 24 being classified as “English“. Even in England there are many 25 in regional character and speech. The chief 26 is be
12、tween southern England and northern England. South of a 27 going from Bristol to London, people speak the type of English usually learnt by foreign students, 28 there are local variations. Further north, regional speech is usually “ 29 “ than that of southern Britain. Northerners are 30 to claim tha
13、t they work harder than Southerners, and are more 31 . They are openhearted and hospitable; foreigners often find that they make friends with them 32 Northerners generally have hearty 33 : the visitor to Lancashire or Yorkshire, for instance, may look forward to receiving generous 34 at meal times.
14、In accent and character the people of the Midlands 35 a gradual change from the southern to the northern type of Englishman. In Scotland the sound 36 by the letter “R“ is generally a strong sound, and “R“ is often pronounced in words in which it would be 37 in southern English. The Scots are said to
15、 be a serious, cautious, thrifty people, 38 inventive and somewhat mystical. All the Celtic peoples of Britain (the Welsh, the Irish, the Scots) are frequently 39 as being more “fiery“ than the English. They are 40 a race that is quite distinct from the English. （ A） In consequence （ B） In brief （ C
16、） In general （ D） In fact （ A） confine （ B） attach （ C） refer （ D） add （ A） as （ B） which （ C） for （ D） so （ A） with （ B） by （ C） at （ D） for （ A） similarities （ B） differences （ C） certainties （ D） features （ A） factor （ B） virtue （ C） privilege （ D） division （ A） line （ B） row （ C） border （ D） sca
17、le （ A） who （ B） when （ C） though （ D） for （ A） wider （ B） broader （ C） rarer （ D） scarcer （ A） used （ B） apt （ C） possible （ D） probable （ A） perfect （ B） notorious （ C） superior （ D） thorough （ A） swiftly （ B） promptly （ C） immediately （ D） quickly （ A） appetites （ B） tastes （ C） interests （ D） se
18、nses （ A） helpings （ B） offerings （ C） fillings （ D） findings （ A） represent （ B） designate （ C） demonstrate （ D） reckon （ A） delivered （ B） denoted （ C） depicted （ D） defined （ A） quiet （ B） obscure （ C） faint （ D） silent （ A） rather （ B） still （ C） somehow （ D） even （ A） rendered （ B） thought （ C）
19、 impressed （ D） described （ A） with （ B） of （ C） among （ D） against Part B Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 40 If you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile, you must know how
20、 to identify shared experiences and problems. Your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view. Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different. I
21、f you are talking to a group of managers, you may refer to the disorganized methods of their secretaries; alternatively if you are addressing secretaries, you may want to comment on their disorganized bosses. Here is an example, which I heard at a nurses convention, of a story which works well becau
22、se the audience all shared the same view of doctors. A man arrives in heaven and is being shown around by St. Peter. He sees wonderful accommodations, beautiful gardens, sunny weather, and so on. Everyone is very peaceful, polite and friendly until, waiting in a line for lunch, the new arrival is su
23、ddenly pushed aside by a man in a white coat, who rushes to the head of the line, grabs his food and stomps over to a table himself. “Who is that?“ the new arrival asked St. Peter. “Oh, thats God,“ came the reply, “but sometimes he thinks hes a doctor.“ If you are part of the group which you are add
24、ressing, you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and itll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairmans notorious bad taste in ties. With other audiences you mustnt attempt to cut in with humor a
25、s they will resent an outsider making disparaging remarks about their canteen of their chairman. You will be on safer ground if you stick to scapegoats like the Post Office or the telephone system. If you feel awkward being humorous, you must practice so that it becomes more natural. Include a few c
26、asual and apparently off-the-cuff remarks which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforced manner. Often its the delivery which causes the audience to smile, so speak slowly and remember that a raised eyebrow or an unbelieving look may help to show that you are making a light hearted remark. Look for
27、 the humor. It often comes from the unexpected. A twist on a familiar quote “If at first you dont succeed, give up“ or a play on words or on a situation. Search for exaggeration and understatements. Look at your talk and pick out a few words or sentences which you can turn about and inject with humo
28、r. 41 To make your humor work, you should_. （ A） take advantage of different kinds of audience （ B） make fun of the disorganized people （ C） address different problems to different people （ D） show sympathy for your listeners 42 The joke about doctors implies that, in the eyes of nurses, they are_.
29、（ A） impolite to new arrivals （ B） very conscious of their godlike role （ C） entitled to some privileges （ D） very busy even during lunch hours 43 It can be inferred from the text that public service_. （ A） have benefited many people （ B） are the focus of public attention （ C） are an inappropriate s
30、ubject for humor （ D） have often been the laughing stock 44 To achieve the desired result, humorous stones should be delivered_. （ A） in well-worded language （ B） as awkwardly as possible （ C） in exaggerated statements （ D） as casually as possible 45 The best title for the text may be_. （ A） Use Hum
31、or Effectively （ B） Various Kinds of Humor （ C） Add Humor to Speech （ D） Different Humor Strategies 45 Since the dawn of human ingenuity, people have devised ever more cunning tools to cope with work that is dangerous, boring, burdensome, or just plain nasty. That compulsion has resulted in robotics
32、 the science of conferring various human capabilities on machines. And if scientists have yet to create the mechanical version of science fiction, they have begun to come close. As a result, the modern world is increasingly populated by intelligent gizmos whose presence we barely notice but whose un
33、iversal existence has removed much human labor. Our factories hum to the rhythm of robot assembly arms. Our banking is done at automated teller terminals that thank us with mechanical politeness for the transaction. Our subway trains are controlled by tireless robo-drivers. And thanks to the continu
34、al miniaturization of electronics and micro-mechanics, there are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with submillimeter accuracy far greater precision that highly skilled physicians can achieve with their hands alone. But if robots are to reach the next stage
35、of laborsaving utility, they will have to operate with less human supervision and be able to make at least a few decisions for themselves goals that pose a real challenge. “While we know how to tell a robot to handle a specific error,“ says Dave Lavery, manager of a robotics program at NASA, “we can
36、t yet give a robot enough common sense to reliably interact with a dynamic world.“ Indeed the quest for true artificial intelligence has produced very mixed results. Despite a spell of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when it appeared that transistor circuits and microprocessors might be able
37、 to copy the action of the human brain by the year 2010, researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by decades if not centuries. What they found, in attempting to model thought, is that the human brains roughly one hundred billion nerve cells are much more talented and human perception fa
38、r more complicated than previously imagined. They have built robots that can recognize the error of a machine panel by a fraction of a millimeter in a controlled factory environment. But the human mind can glimpse a rapidly changing scene and immediately disregard the 98 percent that is irrelevant,
39、instantaneously focusing on the monkey at the side of winding forest road or the single suspicious face in a big crowd. The most advanced computer systems on Earth cant approach that kind of ability, and neuroscientists still dont know quite how we do it. 46 Human ingenuity was initially demonstrate
40、d in_. （ A） the use of machines to produce science fiction （ B） the wide use of machines in manufacturing industry （ C） the invention of tools for difficult and dangerous work （ D） the elites cunning tackling of dangerous and boring work 47 The word “gizmos“ (line 1, paragraph 2) most probably means
41、_. （ A） programs （ B） experts （ C） devices （ D） creatures 48 According to the text, what is beyond mans ability now is to design a robot that can （ A） fulfill delicate tasks like performing brain surgery （ B） interact with human beings verbally （ C） have a little common sense （ D） respond independen
42、tly to a changing world 49 Besides reducing human labor, robots can also_. （ A） make a few decisions for themselves （ B） deal with some errors with human intervention （ C） improve factory environments （ D） cultivate human creativity 50 The author uses the example of a monkey to argue that robots are
43、 _ （ A） expected to copy human brain in internal structure （ B） able to perceive abnormalities immediately （ C） far less able than human brain in focusing on relevant information （ D） best used in a controlled environment 50 Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return? Since OPEC a
44、greed to supply-cuts in March, the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $ 26 a barrel, up from less than $ 10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shocks resulted in double-digit inflation and global economic decline. So where are the headlines w
45、arning of gloom and doom this time? The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports. Strengthening economic growth, at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere, could push the price higher still in the short term. Yet there are good reasons to expect th
46、e economic consequences now to be less severe than in the 1970s. In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the 1970s. In Europe, taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price, so even quite big changes in the price of cru
47、de have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past. Rich economics are also less dependent on oil than they were, and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price. Energy conservation, a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced
48、oil consumption. Software, consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production. For each dollar of GDP (in constant prices) rich economics now use nearly 50% less oil than in 1973. The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that, if oil prices averaged $ 22 a barre
49、l for a full year, compared with $13 in 1998, this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25-0.5% of GDP. That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980. On the other hand, oil-importing emerging economiesto which heavy industry has shifted have become more energy-intensive, and so could be more seriously squeezed. One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that, unlike the rises in the 1970s, it has not occurred aga
