1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 219及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twi
2、ce. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 PART C Directions: You will he
3、ar three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear eac
4、h piece ONLY ONCE. 11 When did Poe start publishing his poetry and stories and pursue a career in journalism? （ A） In the early 1810s. （ B） In the early 1820s. （ C） In the early 1830s. （ D） In the early 1840s. 12 How old was he when Poe died? （ A） 30 （ B） 40 （ C） 50 （ D） 60 13 Which is not considere
5、d as Poes finest poems? （ A） To Helen （ B） Annabel Lee （ C） The Raven （ D） The Tell-Tale Heart 14 At least, how many years will People who are overweight at 40 lose? （ A） One year （ B） Two years （ C） Three years （ D） Four years 15 According to Dr. Serge Jabbour, what message does the study carry? （
6、A） People have to work early on their weight （ B） Overweight people have shorter life expectancies （ C） Smoking is damaging to life expectancy （ D） If people are overweight by their mid-30s to mid-40s, if they lose some weight later on, they will carry a lower risk of dying 16 The researchers said “
7、 . which shows another potentially preventable public health disaster. “ What does “another potentially preventable public health disaster“ here refer to? （ A） Smoking （ B） Obesity in young adults （ C） Drinking （ D） Obesity in elderly adults 17 What is Dr . Francis? _ （ A） A teacher of English in Ca
8、mbridge. （ B） A specialist in computer science. （ C） A consultant to a Scottish company. （ D） A British tourist to China. 18 What is the approximate temperature in Cambridge in summer? _ （ A） 22C . （ B） 23C . （ C） 25C . （ D） 34C . 19 Where does Dr. Francis suggest Li Ming should stay in Cambridge? _
9、 （ A） With an English family. （ B） In a flat near the college. （ C） With a language teacher. （ D） In a student dormitory. 20 What is the point Dr. Francis is making when he mentions Ali? _ （ A） Some things cannot be learned from books. （ B） Foreign students are very much alike. （ C） Choice of where
10、to live varies from person to person. （ D） Convenience is his first consideration in choosing where to live. 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 Comparisons were drawn
11、between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened 21 As was discussed before, it was not 22 the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic 23 , following in the wake of the pamphlet an
12、d the book and in the 24 of the periodical. It was during the same time that the communications revolution 25 up, beginning with transport, the railway, and leading 26 through the telegraph, the telephone, radio, and motion pictures 27 the 20th-century world of the motor car and the air plane. Not e
13、veryone sees that process in 28 . It is important to do so. It is generally recognized, 29 , that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century, 30 by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process, 31 its impact on the media was not immediately
14、32 As time went by, computers became smaller and more powerful, and they became “personal“ too, as well as 33 , with display becoming sharper and storage 34 increasing. They were thought of, like people, 35 generations, with the distance between generations much 36 . It was within the computer age t
15、hat the term “information society“ began to be widely used to describe the 37 within which we now live. The communications revolution has 38 both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time, but there have been 39 view about its economic, political, social and cultural impli
16、cations. “Benefits“ have been weighed 40 “harmful“ outcomes. And generalizations have proved difficult. （ A） between （ B） before （ C） since （ D） later （ A） after （ B） by （ C） during （ D） until （ A） means （ B） method （ C） medium （ D） measure （ A） process （ B） company （ C） light （ D） form （ A） gathere
17、d （ B） speeded （ C） worked （ D） picked （ A） on （ B） out （ C） over （ D） off （ A） of （ B） for （ C） beyond （ D） into （ A） concept （ B） dimension （ C） effect （ D） perspective （ A） indeed （ B） hence （ C） however （ D） therefore （ A） brought （ B） followed （ C） stimulated （ D） characterized （ A） unless （ B）
18、 since （ C） lest （ D） although （ A） apparent （ B） desirable （ C） negative （ D） plausible （ A） institutional （ B） universal （ C） fundamental （ D） instrumental （ A） ability （ B） capability （ C） capacity （ D） faculty （ A） by means of （ B） in terms of （ C） with regard to （ D） in line with （ A） deeper （
19、B） fewer （ C） nearer （ D） smaller （ A） context （ B） range （ C） scope （ D） territory （ A） regarded （ B） impressed （ C） influenced （ D） effected （ A） competitive （ B） controversial （ C） distracting （ D） irrational （ A） above （ B） upon （ C） against （ D） with Part B Directions: Read the following four t
20、exts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 40 A study by scientists in Finland has found that mobile phone radiation can cause changes in human cells that might affect the brain, the leader of the research team said. But Darius Leszczyn
21、ski, who headed the 2-year study and will present findings next week at a conference in Quebec (魁北克 ), said more research was needed to determine the seriousness of the changes and their impact on the brain or the body. The study at Finlands Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority found that exposure
22、 to radiation from mobile phones can cause increased activity in hundreds of proteins in human cells grown in a laboratory, he said. “We know that there is some biological response. We can detect it with our very sensitive approaches, but we do not know whether it can have any physiological effects
23、on the human brain or human body,“ Leszczynski said. Nonetheless the study, the initial findings of which were published last month in the scientific journal Differentiation, raises new questions about whether mobile phone radiation can weaken the brains protective shield against harmful substances.
24、 The study focused on changes in cells that line blood vessels and on whether such changes could weaken the functioning of the blood-brain barrier, which prevents potentially harmful substances from entering the brain from the bloodstream, Leszczynski said. The study found that a protein called hsp2
25、7 linked to the functioning of the blood-brain barrier showed increased activity due to irradiation and pointed to a possibility that such activity could make the shield more permeable(能透过的 ), he said. “Increased protein activity might cause cells to shrinknot the blood vessels but the cells themsel
26、vesand then tiny gaps could appear between those cells through which some molecules could pass. “ he said. Leszczynski declined to speculate on what kind of health risks that could pose, but said a French study indicated that headache, fatigue and sleep disorders could result. “These are not life-th
27、reatening problems but can cause a lot of discomfort,“ he said, adding that a Swedish group had also suggested a possible link with Alzheimers disease. “Where the truth is I do not know,“ he said. Leszczynski said that he, his wife and children use mobile phones, and he said that he did not think hi
28、s study suggested any need for new restrictions on mobile phone use. 41 According to Leszczynski, how does mobile phone affect ones health? （ A） Mobile phone radiation can increase protein activities and such activities can make the protective shield more permeable. （ B） Mobile phone radiation can s
29、hrink the blood vessels and prevent blood from flowing smoothly. （ C） Mobile phone radiation will bring stress to people exposed to it. （ D） Mobile phone radiation kills blood cells at a rapid speed. 42 Whats the result of the French study? （ A） The harm of mobile phone radiation is life-threatening
30、. （ B） Mobile phone may affect ones normal way of thinking. （ C） Sleep disorders could result from mobile phone radiation. （ D） A protein called hsp27 is killed by mobile phone radiation. 43 What kind of disease is not caused by the use of mobile phone? （ A） Fatigue. （ B） Headache. （ C） Alzheimers d
31、isease. （ D） Tuberculosis. 44 According to the passage, what would be the future of the use of mobile phone? （ A） People will be forbidden to use mobile phone. （ B） People dare not use mobile phone because of its radiation. （ C） People will continue to use mobile phone. （ D） There will be new restri
32、ctions on the use of mobile phone. 45 Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? （ A） The research in Finland found that mobile phone radiation will affect ones brain. （ B） Mobile phone radiation can cause increased activity in hundreds of protein in human cells. （ C） Increased pro
33、tein activity might cause cells to shrink. （ D） Lszczynski forbade his wife and children to use mobile phone after his research. 45 The rise of multinational corporations, global marketing, new communications technologies, and shrinking cultural differences have led to an unparalleled increase in gl
34、obal public relations or PR(public relation). Surprisingly, since modern PR was largely an American invention, the U.S. leadership in public relations is being threatened by PR efforts in other countries. Ten years ago, for example, the worlds top five public relations agencies were American-owned.
35、In 1991, only one was. The British in particular are becoming more sophisticated and creative. A recent survey found that more than half of all British companies include PR as part of their corporate planning activities, compared to about one-third of U. S. companies. It may not be long before Londo
36、n replaces New York as the capital of PR. Why is America lagging behind in the global PR race? Firstly, Americans as a whole tend to be fairly provincial and take more of an interest in local affairs. Knowledge of world geography, for example, has never been strong in this country. Secondly, America
37、n lag behind their European and Asian counterparts in knowing a second language. Less than 5 percent of Burson-Marshalls U. S. employees know two languages. Ogilvy and Mather has a-bout the same percentage. Conversely, some European firms have half or more of their employees fluent in a second langu
38、age. Finally, people involved in PR abroad tend to keep a closer eye on international affairs. In the financial PR area, for instance, most Americans read the Wall Street Journal. Overseas, their counterparts read the Journal as well as the Financial Times of London and The Economist, publications n
39、ot often read in this country. Perhaps the PR industry might take a lesson from Ted Turner of CNN (Cable News Network). Turner recently announced that the word “foreign“ would no longer be used on CNN news broadcasts. According to Turner, global communications have made the nations of the would so i
40、nterdependent that there is no longer any such thing as foreign. 46 According to the passage, U.S. leadership in public relations is being threatened because of_. （ A） shrinking cultural differences and new communication technologies （ B） increased efforts of other countries in public relations （ C）
41、 an unparalleled increase in the number of public relations companies （ D） the increasing number of multinational corporations and technologies 47 The underlined word “provincial“ (Para. 3) most probably means “_“. （ A） rigid in thinking （ B） interested in world financial affairs （ C） like people fr
42、om the provinces （ D） limited in outlook 48 London could soon replace New York as the centre of PR because_. （ A） British companies place more importance on PR than U. S. companies （ B） British companies are heavily involved in planning activities （ C） British companies are more ambitious than U. S.
43、 （ D） Four of the worlds top public relations agencies are British-owned 49 We learn from the third paragraph that employees in the American PR industry （ A） enjoy reading a great variety of English business publications （ B） speak at least one foreign language fluently （ C） are ignorant about world
44、 geography （ D） are not as sophisticated as their European counterparts 50 What lesson might be the PR industry take from Ted Turner of CNN? （ A） The American PR industry should develop global communication technologies. （ B） People involved in PR should avoid using the word “foreign“. （ C） American
45、 PR companies should be more internationally minded. （ D） People working in PR should be more fluent in foreign languages. 50 The history of English is conventionally, if perhaps too neatly, divided into three periods usually called Old (or Anglo-Saxon) English, Middle English, and Modern English. T
46、he earliest period begins with the migration of certain Germanic tribes from the continent to Britain in the fifth century A. D, though no records of their language survive from before the seventh century, and it continues until the end of the seventh century or a bit later. By that time, Latin, Old
47、 Norse (the language of the Viking invaders), and especially the Anglo-Norman French of the dominant class after the Norman Conquest in 1066 had begun to have a substantial impact on the vocabulary, and the well-developed inflectional (词尾变化的 ) system that typifies the grammar of Old English had begu
48、n to break down. The period of Middle English extends roughly from the twelfth century through the fifteenth. The influence of French (and Latin, often by way of French) upon the vocabulary continued throughout the period, the loss of some inflections and the reduction of others accelerated, and man
49、y changes took place within the grammatical systems of the language. A typical prose passage, especially one from the later part of the period, will not have such a foreign look to us as the prose of Old English, but it will not be mistaken for contemporary writing either. The period of Modern English extends from the sixteenth century to our own day. The early part of this period saw the completion of a revolution in vowel distribution that had begun in late Middle English and that effectively brought the language to something re
