1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 232及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twi
2、ce. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 When will showers reach south-
3、west England and the southern coast of Wales? 7 What will the minimum temperature be in the south during the night? 8 On what day of the week do you think this weather forecast was given? 9 What will be the general feeling about the weekend in the Netherlands? 10 What part of England will be cloudy
4、and dry over the weedend? PART C Directions: You will hear three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds
5、to check your answer to each question. You will hear each piece ONLY ONCE. 11 What kind of person is called “mall rat“? （ A） One spends so much time at malls. （ B） One steals at malls. （ C） One sees dentists at malls. （ D） One eats a lot at malls. 12 Which of the following is NOT the reason why peop
6、le like malls? （ A） They feel safe because malls have police station of private security guards. （ B） They can be served free meals after doing shopping. （ C） They can do about everything at malls. （ D） The weather inside is always fine. 13 How many cars can be parked in the Mall of America? （ A） 35
7、0 （ B） 2750 （ C） 7500 （ D） 1965 14 What unusual question may doctors ask when giving kids a checkup next time? _ （ A） How much exercise they get every day. （ B） What they are most worried about. （ C） How long their parents accompany them daily. （ D） What entertainment they are interested in. 15 The
8、academy suggests that children under age two_. （ A） get enough entertainment （ B） have more activities （ C） receive early education （ D） have regular checkups 16 According to the report, childrens bedrooms should_. （ A） be no place for play （ B） be near a common area （ C） have no TV sets （ D） have a
9、 computer for study 17 According to the passage, what did nature represent to Isadora Duncan? （ A） Something to conquer （ B） A model for movement （ C） A place to find peace （ D） A symbol of disorder 18 Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as an area of dance that Isadora Duncan wor
10、ked to change? （ A） The music （ B） The stage sets （ C） Costumes （ D） Movements 19 Compared to those of the ballet, Isadora Duncans costumes were less_. （ A） costly （ B） colorful （ C） graceful （ D） restrictive 20 What is the passage mainly about? （ A） The evolution of dance in the twentieth century.
11、（ B） Artists of the last century. （ C） Natural movement in dance. （ D） A pioneer in modern dance. 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 College sports in the United State
12、s are a huge deal. Almost all major American universities have football, baseball, basketball and hockey programs, and 21 millions of dollars each year to sports. Most of them earn millions 22 as well, in television revenues, sponsorships. They also benefit 23 from the added publicity they get via t
13、heir teams. Big-name universities 24 each other in the most popular sports. Football games at Michigan regularly 25 crowds of over 90, 000. Basketballs national collegiate championship game is a TV 26 on a par with(与 相同或相似 ) any other sporting event in the United States, 27 perhaps the Super Bowl it
14、self. At any given time during fall or winter one can 28 ones TV set and see the top athletic programs from schools like Michigan, UCLA, Duke and Stanford 29 in front of packed houses and national TV audiences. The athletes themselves are 30 and provided with scholarships. College coaches identify 3
15、1 teenagers and then go into high schools to 32 the countrys best players to attend their universities. There are strict rules about 33 coaches can recruit no recruiting calls after 9 p.m. , only one official visit to a campus but they are often bent and sometimes 34 . Top college football programs
16、35 scholarships to 20 or 30 players each year, and those student-athletes, when they arrive 36 campus, receive free housing, tuition, meals, books, etc. In return, the players 37 the program in their sport. Football players at top colleges 38 two hours a day, four days a week from January to April.
17、In summer, its back to strength and agility training four days a week until mid-August, when camp 39 and preparation for the opening of the September-to-December season begins 40 . During the season, practices last two or three hours a day from Tuesday to Friday. Saturday is game day. Mondays are an
18、 officially mandated day of rest. （ A） attribute （ B） distribute （ C） devote （ D） attach （ A） out （ B） by （ C） in （ D） back （ A） directly （ B） indirectly （ C） apart （ D） indirect （ A） compete for （ B） compete in （ C） compete against （ D） compete over （ A） draw （ B） amuse （ C） govern （ D） handle （ A）
19、 spectator （ B） spectacle （ C） spectrum （ D） spectacles （ A） save （ B） saving （ C） saved （ D） to save （ A） flip on （ B） flap at （ C） fling away （ D） flush out （ A） battle （ B） to battle （ C） battling （ D） battled （ A） recruited （ B） reconciled （ C） rectified （ D） reserved （ A） promising （ B） pleasin
20、g （ C） prominent （ D） professional （ A） contrive （ B） convince （ C） convert （ D） convict （ A） which （ B） what （ C） how （ D） whether （ A） ignored （ B） neglected （ C） remembered （ D） noticed （ A） offer （ B） afford （ C） award （ D） reward （ A） in （ B） on （ C） at （ D） around （ A） commit themselves to （ B
21、） commit themselves on （ C） commute themselves to （ D） comply themselves to （ A） work in （ B） work out （ C） work over （ D） work off （ A） recalls （ B） enlists （ C） convenes （ D） collects （ A） in principle （ B） in confidence （ C） in name （ D） in earnest Part B Directions: Read the following four texts
22、. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 40 Specialisation can be seen as a response to the problem of an increasing accumulation of scientific knowledge. By splitting up the subject matter into smaller units, one man could continue to ha
23、ndle the information and use it as the basis for further research. But specialisation was only one of a series of related developments in science affecting the process of communication. Another was the growing professionalisation of scientific activity. No clear-cut distinction can be drawn between
24、professionals and amateurs in science: exceptions can be found to any rule. Nevertheless, the word “amateur“ does carry a connotation that the person concerned is not fully integrated into the scientific community and, in particular, may not fully share its values. The growth of specialisation in ni
25、neteenth century, with its consequent requirement of a longer, more complex training, implied greater problems for amateur participation in science. The trend was naturally most obvious in those areas of science based especially on a mathematical or laboratory training, and can be illustrated in ter
26、ms of the development of geology in the United Kingdom. A comparison of British geological publications over the last century and a half reveals not simply an increasing emphasis on the primacy of research, but also a changing definition of what constitutes an acceptable research paper. Thus, in the
27、 nineteenth century, local geological studies represented worthwhile research in their own right; but, in the twentieth century, local studies have increasingly become acceptable to professionals only if they incorporate, and reflect on, the wider geological picture. Amateurs, on the other hand, hav
28、e continued to pursue local studies in the old way. The overall result has been to make entrance to professional geological journals harder for amateurs, a result that has been reinforced by the widespread introduction of refereeing, first by national journals in the nineteenth century and then by s
29、everal local geological journals in the twentieth century. As a logical consequence of this development, separate journals have now appeared aimed mainly towards either professional or amateur readership. A rather similar process of differentiation has led to professional geologists coming together
30、nationally within one or two specific societies, whereas the amateurs have tended either to remain in local societies or to come together nationally in a different way. Although the process of professionalisation and specialisation was already well under way in British geology during the nineteenth
31、century, its full consequences were thus delayed until the twentieth century. In science generally, however, the nineteenth century must be reckoned as the crucial period for this change in the structure of science. 41 The growth of specialisation in the 19th century might be more clearly seen in sc
32、iences such as_. （ A） society and chemistry （ B） physics and psychology （ C） sociology and psychology （ D） physics and chemistry 42 We can infer from the passage that_. （ A） there is little distinction between specialisation and professionalisation （ B） amateurs can compete with professionals in som
33、e areas of science （ C） professionals tend to welcome amateurs into the scientific community （ D） amateurs have national academic societies but no local ones 43 The author writes of the development of geology to demonstrate_. （ A） the process of specialisation and professionalisation （ B） the hardsh
34、ip of amateurs in scientific study （ C） the change of policies in scientific publications （ D） the discrimination of professionals against amateurs 44 The direct reason for specialisation is_. （ A） the development in communication （ B） the growth of professionalisation （ C） the expansion of scientif
35、ic knowledge （ D） the splitting of academic societies 44 Why do so many Americans distrust what they read in their newspapers? The American Society of Newspaper Editors is trying to answer this painful question. The organization is deep into a long self-analysis known as the journalism credibility p
36、roject. Sad to say,this project has turned out to be mostly low-level findings about factual errors and spelling and grammar mistakes,combined with lots of head-scratching puzzlement about what in the world those readers really want. But the sources of distrust go way deeper. Most journalists learn
37、to see the world through a set of standard templates (patterns) into which they plug each days events. In other words, there is a conventional story line in the newsroom culture that provides a backbone and a ready-made narrative structure for otherwise confusing news. There exists a social and cult
38、ural disconnect between journalists and their readers, which helps explain why the “standard templates“ of the newsroom seem alien to many readers. In a recent survey, questionnaires were sent to reporters in five middle-size, cities around the country, plus one large metropolitan area. Then residen
39、ts in these communities were phoned at random and asked the same questions. Replies show that compared with other Americans, journalists are more likely to live in upscale neighborhoods, have maids, own Mercedeses, and trade stocks, and theyre less likely to go to church to do volunteer work, or put
40、 down roots in a community. Reporters tend to be part of a broadly defined social and cultural elite, so their work tends to reflect the conventional values of this elite. The astonishing distrust of the news media isnt rooted in inaccuracy or poor reportorial skills but in the daily clash of world
41、views between reporters and their readers. This is an explosive situation for any industry, particularly a declining one. Here is a troubled business that keeps hiring employees whose attitudes vastly annoy the customers. Then it sponsors lots of symposiums and a credibility project dedicated to won
42、dering why customers are annoyed and fleeing in large numbers. But it never seems to get around to noticing the cultural and class biases that so many former buyers are complaining about. If it did, it would open up its diversity program,now focused narrowly on race and gender,and look for reporters
43、 who differ broadly by outlook,values,education,and class. 45 What is the passage mainly about? （ A） Needs of the readers all over the world. （ B） Causes of the public disappointment about newspapers. （ C） Origins of the declining newspaper industry. （ D） Aims of a journalism credibility project. 46
44、 The results of the journalism credibility project turned out to be_. （ A） quite trustworthy （ B） somewhat contradictory （ C） very illuminating （ D） rather superficial 47 The basic problem of journalists as pointed out by the writer lies in their_. （ A） working attitude （ B） conventional lifestyle （
45、 C） world outlook （ D） educational background 48 Despite its efforts, the newspaper industry still cannot satisfy the readers owing to its （ A） failure to realize its real problems （ B） tendency to hire annoying reporters （ C） likeliness to do inaccurate reporting （ D） prejudice in matters of race a
46、nd gender 48 Since the dawn of human ingenuity, people have devised ever more cunning tools to cope with work that is dangerous, boring, burdensome, or just plain nasty. That compulsion has resulted in robotics the science of conferring various human capabilities on machines. And if scientists have
47、yet to create the mechanical version of science fiction, they have begun to come close. As a result, the modern world is increasingly populated by intelligent gizmos whose presence we barely notice but whose universal existence has removed much human labor. Our factories hum to the rhythm of robot a
48、ssembly arms. Our banking is done at automated teller terminals that thank us with mechanical politeness for the transaction. Our subway trains are controlled by tireless robo-drivers. And thanks to the continual miniaturization of electronics and micro-mechanics, there are already robot systems tha
49、t can perform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with submillimeter accuracy far greater precision that highly skilled physicians can achieve with their hands alone. But if robots are to reach the next stage of laborsaving utility, they will have to operate with less human supervision and be able to make at least a few decisions for themselves goals that pose a real challenge. “While we know how to tell a robot to handle a specific error,“ says Dave Lavery, manager of a robotics program at NASA, “we cant yet give a r
