1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 252及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twi
2、ce. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 PART C Directions: You will he
3、ar three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear eac
4、h piece ONLY ONCE. 11 What has cloning bypassed? （ A） The nuclear transfer （ B） The process taking DNA （ C） The normal reproductive process （ D） The creation of cells 12 Whats the big breakthrough with Dolly, the first cloned animal? （ A） It makes a clone from an ordinary, adult cell. （ B） It makes
5、the first normal and healthy cloned animal. （ C） It paves the way to the cloning of human beings. （ D） It makes a cloned animal with only mother. 13 Which country first passed the law banning human cloning? （ A） The United States （ B） The United Kingdom （ C） Switzerland （ D） Russia 14 What unusual q
6、uestion may doctors ask when giving kids a checkup next time? （ A） How much exercise they get every day. （ B） What they are most worried about. （ C） How long their parents accompany them daily. （ D） What entertainment they are interested in. 15 The academy suggests that children under age two_. （ A）
7、 get enough entertainment （ B） have more activities （ C） receive early education （ D） have regular checkups 16 According to the report, childrens bedrooms should_. （ A） be no place for play （ B） be near a common area （ C） have no TV sets （ D） have a computer for study 17 Which word best describes th
8、e lawyers prediction of the change in divorce rate? （ A） Fall. （ B） Rise. （ C） V-shape. （ D） Zigzag. 18 What do people nowadays desire to do concerning their marriage? _ （ A） To embrace changes of thought. （ B） To adapt to the disintegrated family life. （ C） To return to the practice in the 60s and
9、70s. （ D） To create stability in their lives. 19 Why did some people choose not to divorce 20 years ago? _ （ A） They feared the complicated procedures. （ B） They wanted to go against the trend. （ C） They were afraid of losing face. （ D） They were willing to stay together. 20 Years ago a divorced man
10、 in a company would have_. （ A） been shifted around the country （ B） had difficulty being promoted （ C） enjoyed a happier life （ D） tasted little bitterness of disgrace 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mar
11、k A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 Many foreigners who have not visited Britain call all the inhabitants English, for they are used to thinking of the British Isles as England. 21 , the British Isles contain a variety of peoples, and only the people of England call themselves English. The others 2
12、2 to themselves as Welsh, Scottish, or Irish, 23 the case may be; they are often slightly annoyed 24 being classified as “English“. Even in England there are many 25 in regional character and speech. The chief 26 is between southern England and northern England. South of a 27 going from Bristol to L
13、ondon, people speak the type of English usually learnt by foreign students, 28 there are local variations. Further north, regional speech is usually “ 29 “ than that of southern Britain. Northerners are 30 to claim that they work harder than Southerners, and are more 31 . They are openhearted and ho
14、spitable; foreigners often find that they make friends with them 32 Northerners generally have hearty 33 : the visitor to Lancashire or Yorkshire, for instance, may look forward to receiving generous 34 at meal times. In accent and character the people of the Midlands 35 a gradual change from the so
15、uthern to the northern type of Englishman. In Scotland the sound 36 by the letter “R“ is generally a strong sound, and “R“ is often pronounced in words in which it would be 37 in southern English. The Scots are said to be a serious, cautious, thrifty people, 38 inventive and somewhat mystical. All t
16、he Celtic peoples of Britain (the Welsh, the Irish, the Scots) are frequently 39 as being more “fiery“ than the English. They are 40 a race that is quite distinct from the English. （ A） In consequence （ B） In brief （ C） In general （ D） In fact （ A） confine （ B） attach （ C） refer （ D） add （ A） as （ B
17、） which （ C） for （ D） so （ A） with （ B） by （ C） at （ D） for （ A） similarities （ B） differences （ C） certainties （ D） features （ A） factor （ B） virtue （ C） privilege （ D） division （ A） line （ B） row （ C） border （ D） scale （ A） who （ B） when （ C） though （ D） for （ A） wider （ B） broader （ C） rarer （ D）
18、 scarcer （ A） used （ B） apt （ C） possible （ D） probable （ A） perfect （ B） notorious （ C） superior （ D） thorough （ A） swiftly （ B） promptly （ C） immediately （ D） quickly （ A） appetites （ B） tastes （ C） interests （ D） senses （ A） helpings （ B） offerings （ C） fillings （ D） findings （ A） represent （ B）
19、designate （ C） demonstrate （ D） reckon （ A） delivered （ B） denoted （ C） depicted （ D） defined （ A） quiet （ B） obscure （ C） faint （ D） silent （ A） rather （ B） still （ C） somehow （ D） even （ A） rendered （ B） thought （ C） impressed （ D） described （ A） with （ B） of （ C） among （ D） against Part B Directi
20、ons: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 40 No company likes to be told it is contributing to the moral decline of a nation. “Is this what you intended to accomplish with your careers?“ an American senato
21、r asked Time Warner executives recently. “You have sold your souls, but must you corrupt our nation and threaten our children as well?“ At Time Warner, however, such questions are simply the latest manifestation of the soul-searching that has involved the company ever since the company was born in 1
22、990. Its a self-examination that has, at various times, involved issues of responsibility, creative freedom and the corporate bottom line. At the core of this debate is chairman Gerald Levin, 56, who took over from the late Steve Ross in the early 1990s. On the financial front, Levin is under pressu
23、re to raise the stock price and reduce the companys mountainous debt, which will increase to $ 17.3 billion after two new cable deals close. He has promised to sell off some of the property and restructure the company, but investors are waiting impatiently. The flap over rap is not making life any e
24、asier for him. Levin has consistently defended the companys rap music on the grounds of expression. In 1992, when Time Warner was under fire for releasing Ice-Ts violent rap song Cop Killer, Levin described rap as a lawful expression of street culture, which deserves an outlet.“The test of any democ
25、ratic society,“ he wrote in a Wall Street Journal column, “lies not in how well it can control expression but in whether it gives freedom of thought and expression the widest possible latitude, however disputable or irritating the results may sometimes be. We wont retreat in the face of any threats.
26、“ Levin would not comment on the debate last week, but there were signs that the chairman was backing off his hard-line stand, at least to some extent. During the discussion of rock singing verses at last months stockholders meeting, Levin asserted that “music is not the cause of societys ills“ and
27、even cited his son, a teacher in the Bronx, New York, who uses rap to communicate with students. But he talked as well about the “balanced struggle“ between creative freedom and social responsibility, and he announced that the company would launch a drive to develop standards for distribution and la
28、beling of potentially objectionable music. The 15-member Time Warner board is generally supportive of Levin and his corporate strategy. But insiders say several of them have shown their concerns in this matter. “Some of us have known for many, many years that the freedoms under the First Amendment a
29、re not totally unlimited,“ says Luce. “I think it is perhaps the case that some people associated with the company have only recently come to realize this.“ 41 An American senator criticized Time Warner for_. （ A） its raising of the corporate stock price （ B） its self-examination of the soul （ C） it
30、s neglect of social responsibility （ D） its emphasis on creative freedom 42 The word “flap“(line 1,paragraph 3) here means_. （ A） controversy （ B） fear （ C） disaster （ D） solution 43 In 1992, Time Warner caused public outrage because it_. （ A） sacked workers as a result of restructuring （ B） issued
31、a record promoting violence （ C） advocated the culture of the street （ D） challenged the freedom of expression in democratic society 44 In the face of recent attacks on the company, Levin_. （ A） stuck to a strong stand to defend freedom of expression （ B） softened his tone and introduced a new initi
32、ative （ C） yielded to objections and resigned from the company （ D） requested unconditional support from the 15-member board 45 We can infer from the last paragraph that_. （ A） profits and social responsibility can rarely go hand in hand in the company （ B） few people are concerned about corporate r
33、esponsibility （ C） the debate over Time Warners policy will soon involve other companies （ D） the Time Warner Boards opinion of the companys policy is divided 45 In the last half of the nineteenth century “capital“ and “labour“were enlarging and perfecting their rival organisations on modern lines.
34、Many an old firm was replaced by a limited liability company with a bureaucracy of salaried managers. The change met the technical requirements of the new age by engaging a large professional element and prevented the decline in efficiency that so commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms in the
35、 second and third generation after the energetic founders. It was moreover a step away from individual initiative, towards collectivism and municipal and state-owned business. The railway companies, though still private business managed for the benefit of shareholders, were very unlike old family bu
36、siness. At the same time the great municipalities went into business to supply lighting, trams and other services to the taxpayers. The growth of the limited liability company and municipal business had important consequences. Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly incre
37、ased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class, an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners; and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business. All through the nineteenth century, America, Afr
38、ica, India, Australia and parts of Europe were being developed by British capital, and British shareholders were thus enriched by the worlds movement towards industrialisation. Towns like Bournemouth and Eastbourne sprang up to house large “comfortable“ classes who had retired on their incomes, and
39、who had no relation to the rest of the community except that of drawing dividends and occasionally attending a shareholders meeting to dictate their orders to the management. On the other hand “shareholding“ meant leisure and freedom which was used by many of the later Victorians for the highest pur
40、pose of a great civilization. The “shareholders“ as such had no knowledge of the lives, thoughts of needs of the workmen employed by the company in which he held shares, and his influence on the relations of capital and labour was not good. The paid manager acting for the company was in more direct
41、relation with the men and their demands, but even he had seldom that familiar personal knowledge of the workmen which the employer had often had under the more patriarchal system of the old family business. Indeed the mere size of operations and the numbers of workmen involved rendered such personal
42、 relations impossible. Fortunately, however, the increasing power and organisation of the trade unions, at least in all skilled trades, enabled the workmen to meet on equal terms the managers of the companies who employed them. The cruel discipline of the strike and lockout taught the two parties to
43、 respect each others strength and understand the value of fair negotiation. 46 The author says that old family firms_. （ A） were ruined by the younger generations （ B） failed for lack of individual initiative （ C） lacked efficiency compared with modern companies （ D） were able to supply adequate ser
44、vices to taxpayers 47 The growth of limited liability companies resulted in_. （ A） the separation of capital from management （ B） the ownership of capital by managers （ C） the emergence of capital and labour as two classes （ D） the participation of shareholders in land ownership 48 The text indicate
45、s that_. （ A） some countries developed quickly because of the emergence of the limited liability company （ B） the tide of industralisation would widely benefite British shareholders greatly （ C） shareholders contributed a lot to the fast growth of the British economy （ D） the system of shareholding
46、impaired the management of modern companies 49 We learn from the text that_. （ A） shareholders often cast negative influence on the well-being of workers （ B） owners of traditional firm enjoyed a good relationship with their employees （ C） limited liability companies were too large to run smoothly （
47、 D） trade unions had a positive role on workers and the management 50 The author appears to be very critical of_. （ A） family firm owners （ B） shareholders （ C） managers （ D） landowners 50 Real policemen hardly recognize any resemblance between their lives and what they see on TV. The first differen
48、ce is that a policemans real life revolves round criminal law. He has to know exactly what actions are crimes and what evidence can be used to prove them in court. He has to know nearly as much law as a professional lawyer, and what is more, he has to apply it on his feet, in the dark and rain, runn
49、ing down a street after someone he wants to talk to. Little of his time is spent in chatting, he will spend most of his working life typing millions of words on thousands of forms about hundreds of sad, unimportant people who are guilty of stupid, petty crimes. Most television crime drama is about finding the criminal: as soon as hes arrested, the story is over. In real life, finding criminals is seldom much of a problem. Except in very serious cases like murders and terrorist attacks littl
