1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 270及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twi
2、ce. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 PART C Directions: You will he
3、ar three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear eac
4、h piece ONLY ONCE. 11 What is the man s chief responsibility in the Green Peace organization? （ A） He s involved in anti-nuclear activity. （ B） He s responsible for conservation and protection of animals. （ C） He s the action organizer and arranges any protests. （ D） He s involved in protection and
5、support of the eco-system. 12 How does Green Peace try to stop people from dumping nuclear waste? （ A） They harass the dumping ship with boats. （ B） They attack the dumping ships. （ C） They talk with them in a mild way. （ D） They stop them in a violent way. 13 What is the woman s attitude towards th
6、e Green Peace campaigns? （ A） Contempt. （ B） Appreciate. （ C） Disapprove. （ D） Suspicious. 14 What crops does the farmer grow? （ A） Cotton every year. （ B） Corn and wheat. （ C） Rice. （ D） Other things. 15 How does the farmer pay his employees? （ A） Hourly. （ B） Weekly. （ C） Monthly. （ D） Yearly. 16
7、What work does the farmer need to do? （ A） Irrigate my fields. （ B） Apply pesticides. （ C） Fix machines. （ D） All the above. 17 What s the main topic of this passage? （ A） It s about the tests of a new airliner before its flying. （ B） It s about how to protect a new airliner. （ C） It s about how to
8、train a new pilot. （ D） It s about what the airliner engineers should do. 18 Why air must be pumped into the plane? （ A） Because without air the plane cant fly. （ B） Because the plane needs air for its fuel. （ C） Because the passengers lives depend on air. （ D） Because the passengers have paid for i
9、t. 19 What would happen if a small part of the plane were to crack? （ A） The plane would not go forward. （ B） The plane would explode. （ C） The plane would fall down. （ D） The plane would fly slowly. 20 For what purpose does the pilot shut off all the engines? （ A） To find out exactly what happens.
10、（ B） To save fuel. （ C） To fly more slowly. （ D） To keep balance. 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 Computers are now being pushed into schools. We know that multimed
11、ia will make【 C1】 _easy and fun. Children will happily learn from【 C2】_characters while taught by expertly【 C3】 _software. Who needs teachers when youve got【 C4】 _education? These expensive toys are difficult to use in the classrooms and【 C5】 _extensive teacher training. Sure, Kids love video games【
12、 C6】 _think of your own experience: can you【 C7】 _even one educational filmstrip of many years ago? Ill【 C8】 _you remember the two or three great teachers who made a【 C9】 _in your life. Then theres cyberbusiness. Were promised【 C10】 _catalog shoppingjust point and click for great deals. Well order a
13、irline tickets【 C11】 _the network, book restaurants and negotiate sales【 C12】 _. Stores will become obsolete. So how come my local mall does more【 C13】 _in an afternoon than the entire Internet【 C14】 _in a month? Even if there were a trustworthy way to【 C15】_money over the Internet, the network is【
14、C16】 _a most essential ingredient of trade and commerce: salespeople. Whats absent from this electronic wonderland? People contact. Computers and networks【 C17】 _us from one another. A network chat line is a limp【 C18】_for meeting friends over coffee. No interactive multimedia display comes【 C19】 _t
15、o the excitement of a【 C20】 _concert. This virtual reality where frustration is legion andin the holy names of Education and Progressimportant aspects of human interactions are relentlessly devalued. 21 【 C1】 （ A） school work （ B） exercise （ C） teamwork （ D） research 22 【 C2】 （ A） stimulated （ B） an
16、imated （ C） developed （ D） interested 23 【 C3】 （ A） guided （ B） prepared （ C） tailored （ D） sold 24 【 C4】 （ A） computer-aided （ B） computer-presented （ C） computer-designed （ D） computer-developed 25 【 C5】 （ A） promise （ B） introduce （ C） encourage （ D） require 26 【 C6】 （ A） but （ B） just （ C） and （
17、 D） therefore 27 【 C7】 （ A） appreciate （ B） recall （ C） comment （ D） produce 28 【 C8】 （ A） recommend （ B） guess （ C） bet （ D） urge 29 【 C9】 （ A） result （ B） mark （ C） impression （ D） difference 30 【 C10】 （ A） immediate （ B） free （ C） versatile （ D） instant 31 【 C11】 （ A） over （ B） with （ C） by （ D）
18、in 32 【 C12】 （ A） decisions （ B） agreements （ C） contracts （ D） plans 33 【 C13】 （ A） communication （ B） commerce （ C） business （ D） program 34 【 C14】 （ A） reserves （ B） handles （ C） subscribes （ D） transmits 35 【 C15】 （ A） mail （ B） deposit （ C） send （ D） save 36 【 C16】 （ A） missing （ B） disappearin
19、g （ C） expelling （ D） retaining 37 【 C17】 （ A） dismantle （ B） confine （ C） discriminate （ D） isolate 38 【 C18】 （ A） occasion （ B） substitute （ C） change （ D） compromise 39 【 C19】 （ A） near （ B） up （ C） close （ D） back 40 【 C20】 （ A） life （ B） alive （ C） living （ D） live Part B Directions: Read the f
20、ollowing four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 40 Since the dawn of human ingenuity, people have devised ever more cunning tools to cope with work that is dangerous, boring, burdensome, or just plain nasty. That compulsion ha
21、s resulted in robotics - the science of conferring various human capabilities on machines. And if scientists have yet to create the mechanical version of science fiction, they have begun to come close. As a result, the modern world is increasingly populated by intelligent gizmos whose presence we ba
22、rely notice but whose universal existence has removed much human labor. Our factories hum to the rhythm of robot assembly arms. Our banking is done at automated teller terminals that thank us with mechanical politeness for the transaction. Our subway trains are controlled by tireless robot drivers.
23、And thanks to the continual miniaturization of electronics and micromechanics, there are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with submillimeter accuracy -far greater precision than highly skilled physicians can achieve with their hands alone. But if robots are
24、 to reach the next stage of laborsaving utility, they will have to operate with less human supervision and be able to make at least a few decisions for themselves - goals that pose a real challenge. “While we know how to tell a robot to handle a specific error, “ says Dave La-very , manager of a rob
25、otics program at NASA, “ we can t yet give a robot enough common sense to reliably interact with a dynamic world. Indeed the quest for true artificial intelligence has produced very mixed results. Despite a spell of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when it appeared that transistor circuits an
26、d microprocessors might be able to copy the action of the human brain by the year 2010, researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by decades if not centuries. What they found, in attempting to model thought, is that the human brains roughly one hundred billion nerve cells are much more t
27、alented - and human perception far more complicated - than previously imagined. They have built robots that can recognize the error of a machine panel by a fraction of a millimeter in a controlled factory environment. But the human mind can glimpse a rapidly changing scene and immediately disregard
28、the 98 percent that is irrelevant, instantaneously focusing on the monkey at the side of a winding forest road or the single suspicious face in a big crowd. The most advanced computer systems on Earth cant approach that kind of ability, and neu-roscientists still dont know quite how we do it. 41 Hum
29、an ingenuity was initially demonstrated in_. （ A） the use of machines to produce science fiction （ B） the wide use of machines in manufacturing industry （ C） the invention of tools for difficult and dangerous work （ D） the elite s cunning tackling of dangerous and boring work 42 The word “gizmos“(Li
30、ne 1, Paragraph 2)most probably means “_“. （ A） programs （ B） experts （ C） devices （ D） creatures 43 According to the text, what is beyond man s ability now is to design a robot that can_. （ A） fulfill delicate tasks like performing brain surgery （ B） interact with human beings verbally （ C） have a
31、little common sense （ D） respond independently to a changing world 44 Besides reducing human labor, robots can also_. （ A） make a few decisions for themselves （ B） deal with some errors with human intervention （ C） improve factory environments （ D） cultivate human creativity 45 The author uses the e
32、xample of a monkey to argue that robots are_. （ A） expected to copy human brain in internal structure （ B） able to perceive abnormalities immediately （ C） far less able than human brain in focusing on relevant information （ D） best used in a controlled environment 45 Education is primarily the respo
33、nsibility of the states. State constitutions set up certain standards and rules for the establishment of school. State laws require children to go to school until they reach a certain age. The actual control of the schools, however, is usually a local matter. The control of the schools does not usua
34、lly come directly from the local government. In each of the three types of city government, public schools are generally quite separate and independent. They cooperate with local officials but are not dominated by the municipal government. Most A-mericans believe that schools should be free of polit
35、ical pressures. They believe that the separate control of the school systems preserves such freedom. Public schools are usually maintained by school districts. The state often sets the district boundaries. Sometimes the school district has the same boundaries as the city. Sometimes it is larger than
36、 the city. In the South, county boards of education members are elected. In some places they are appointed by the mayor or city council. The state legislature decides which method should be used. Most district boards of education try to give all pupils a chance to get a good education. A good educat
37、ion prepares a person to live a better life. It helps him to become a better citizen. Nearly all states give financial aid to local school districts. State departments of education offer other kinds of aid. States offer help with such things as program planning and the school districts. The federal
38、government also helps. The National Defense Education Act allows school districts to get financial aid for certain purposes. The Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 added many other kinds of financial help. But neither the state nor the federal government dictates school policy. This is d
39、etermined by local school boards. 46 Which of the following law is related to education? （ A） The National Defense Education Act. （ B） The Elementary and Secondary Education Act. （ C） The Independence Act. （ D） Both A and B. 47 How did the state control education? （ A） By setting up certain standard
40、 and rules. （ B） By requesting the children to go to schools until they are of certain age. （ C） Either A or B. （ D） Both A and B. 48 How did they preserve the freedom of the schools from political pressure? （ A） By uniting all the schools into a union. （ B） By having the federal administration. （ C
41、） By having separate and independent control. （ D） By cooperating with the state government. 49 People favor the independence of school for the reason that _. （ A） people believe that it will ensure the existence of freedom （ B） people believe that it will deprive the school of the financial aid （ C
42、） local government can rid itself from the financial burden （ D） state government is not willing to exert its effort on it 50 The school district is likely to be all of the following EXCEPT_. （ A） larger than city district （ B） larger than the state district （ C） the same as the city district （ D） B
43、oth A and C 50 Karen Rusa was a 30-year-old woman and the mother of four children. For the past several months Karen had been experiencing repetitive thoughts that centered around her children s safety. She frequently found herself imagining that a serious accident had occurred; she was unable to pu
44、t these thoughts out of her mind. On one such occasion she imagined that her son, Alan, had broken his leg playing football at school. There was no reason to believe that an accident had occurred, but she kept thinking about the possibility until she finally called the school to see if Alan was all
45、right. Even after receiving their assurance that he had not been hurt, she described herself as being somewhat surprised when he later arrived home unharmed. Karen also noted that her daily routine was seriously hampered by an extensive series of counting work that she performed throughout each day.
46、 Specific numbers had come to have a special meaning to her; she found that her preoccupation with these numbers was hampering her ability to perform everyday activities. One example was grocery shopping. Karen believed that if she selected the first item on the shelf, something terrible would happe
47、n to her oldest child. If she selected the second item, some unknown disaster would fall on her second child, and so on for the four children. Karen s preoccupation with numbers extended to other activities, most notable the pattern in which she smoked cigarettes and drank coffee. If she had one cig
48、arette; she believed that she had to smoke at least four in a row, or one of her children would be harmed in some way. If she drank one cup of coffee, she felt compelled to drink four. Karen acknowledged the unreasonableness of these rules, but, nevertheless, maintained that she felt more comfortabl
49、e. When she observed them earnestly, when she was occasionally in too great a hurry to observe these rules, she experienced considerable anxiety, in the form of a subjective feeling of dread and fear. She described herself as tense, uneasy, and unable to relax during these periods. The occurrence of rarely minor accidents does not reduce her belief that she had been directly responsible because of her inability to observe
