1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 280及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twi
2、ce. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 PART C Directions: You will he
3、ar three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear eac
4、h piece ONLY ONCE. 11 What has cloning bypassed? （ A） The nuclear transfer （ B） The process taking DNA （ C） The normal reproductive process （ D） The creation of cells 12 Whats the big breakthrough with Dolly, the first cloned animal? （ A） It makes a clone from an ordinary, adult cell. （ B） It makes
5、the first normal and healthy cloned animal. （ C） It paves the way to the cloning of human beings. （ D） It makes a cloned animal with only mother. 13 Which country first passed the law banning human cloning? （ A） The United States （ B） The United Kingdom （ C） Switzerland （ D） Russia 14 How many flu d
6、eaths a year in the 1990s? （ A） 20,000 （ B） 26,000 （ C） 30,000 （ D） 36,000 15 Dr. Fukuda and his colleagues reported that the virus was especially deadly in people over （ A） 55 （ B） 65 （ C） 75 （ D） 85 16 According to the report, which of the following sentences is true? （ A） The only method of preve
7、nting the disease is to get flu vaccines. （ B） Dr. Morens was optimistic about the immediate future. （ C） As many as 87 percent of the 11,000 people who died from R. S. V. each year were 65 and older. （ D） The vaccine, which is made from a killed virus, can give people the flu. 17 What does Professo
8、r Morgan do? （ A） He is a film director of Science Fiction. （ B） He is a writer of Science Fiction. （ C） He is a scientist who researches on how to freeze a body and bring it back to life later. （ D） He is a doctor who treats terminal illnesses. 18 According to Professor Morgan, what enables animals
9、 to freeze themselves? （ A） A certain chemical in their bodies. （ B） The change of certain circumstances around them. （ C） A certain temperature. （ D） A certain season in the year. 19 How long will Professor Morgan be able to freeze human beings for as long or as short a time as he would like to? （
10、A） About ten years. （ B） About two years. （ C） About twenty years. （ D） About thirteen years. 20 What is true about the application of Professor Morgans research? （ A） It .can be used to prolong everyones life. （ B） It can help find cures for terminal illnesses. （ C） It can cure cancer and Aids. （ D
11、） It can help freeze people with terminal illnesses and bring them back to life when the cure appears. 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 It is often observed that the
12、 aged spend much time thinking and talking about their past lives, 21 about the future. These reminiscences are not simply random or trivial memories, 22 is their purpose merely to make conversation. The old persons recollections of the past help to 23 an identity that is becoming increasingly fragi
13、le: 24 any role that brings respect or any goal that might provide 25 to the future, the individual mentions their past as a reminder to listeners, that here was a life 26 living. 27 , the memories form part of a continuing life 28 , in which the old person 29 the events and experiences of the years
14、 gone by and 30 on the overall meaning of his or her own almost completed life. As the life cycle 31 to its close, the aged must also learn to accept the reality of their own impending (即将发生的 ) death. 32 this task is made difficult by the fact that death is almost a 33 subject in the United States.
15、The mere discussion of death is often regarded as 34 . As adults many of us find the topic frightening and are 35 to think about it and certainly not to talk about it 36 the presence of someone who is dying. Death has achieved this taboo 37 only in the modern industrial societies. There seems to be
16、an important reason for our reluctance to 38 the idea of death. It is the very fact that death remains 39 our control; it is almost the only one of the natural processes 40 is so. （ A） better than （ B） rather than （ C） less than （ D） other than （ A） so （ B） even （ C） nor （ D） hardly （ A） preserve （
17、B） conserve （ C） resume （ D） assume （ A） performing （ B） playing （ C） undertaking （ D） lacking （ A） orientation （ B） implication （ C） succession （ D） presentation （ A） worthy （ B） worth （ C） worthless （ D） worthwhile （ A） In a word （ B） In brief （ C） In addition （ D） In particular （ A） prospect （ B）
18、 impetus （ C） impression （ D） review （ A） integrates （ B） incorporates （ C） includes （ D） interacts （ A） reckons （ B） counts （ C） reflects （ D） conceive （ A） keeps （ B） draws （ C） inclines （ D） tends （ A） Therefore （ B） And （ C） Yet （ D） Otherwise （ A） taboo （ B） dispute （ C） contempt （ D） neglect （
19、 A） notorious （ B） indecent （ C） obscure （ D） desperate （ A） ready （ B） willing （ C） liable （ D） reluctant （ A） at （ B） on （ C） with （ D） in （ A） status （ B） circumstance （ C） environment （ D） priority （ A） encounter （ B） confront （ C） tolerate （ D） expose （ A） under （ B） above （ C） beyond （ D） with
20、in （ A） which （ B） what （ C） as （ D） that Part B Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 40 British cancer researchers have found that childhood leukaemia is caused by an infection and clusters of
21、 cases around industrial sites are the result of population mixing that increases exposure. The research published in the British Journal of Cancer backs up a 1988 theory that some as yet unidentified infection caused leukaemia not the environmental factors widely blamed for the disease. “Childhood
22、leukaemia appears to be an unusual result of a common infection,“ said Sir Richard Doll, an internationally-known cancer expert who first linked tobacco with lung cancer in 1950. “A virus is the most likely explanation. You would get an increased risk of it if you suddenly put a lot of people from l
23、arge towns in a rural area, where you might have people who had not been exposed to the infection. “ Doll was commenting on the new findings by researchers at Newcastle University, which focused on a cluster of leukaemia cases around the Sellafield nuclear reprocessing plant in Cumbria in northern E
24、ngland. Scientists have been trying to establish why there was more leukaemia in children around the Sellafield area, but have failed to establish a link with radiation or pollution. The Newcastle University research by Heather Dickinson and Louise Parker showed the cluster of cases could have been
25、predicted because of the amount of population mixing going on in the area, as large numbers of construction workers and nuclear staff moved into a rural setting. “Our study shows that population mixing can account for the (Sellafield) leukaemia cluster and that all children, whether their parents ar
26、e incomers or locals, are at a higher risk if they are born in an area of high population mixing,“ Dickinson said in a statement issued by the Cancer Research Campaign, which publishes the British Journal of Cancer. Their paper adds crucial weight to the 1988 theory put forward by Leo Kinlen, a canc
27、er epidemiologist at Oxford University, who said that exposure to a common unidentified infection through population mixing resulted in the disease. 41 Who first hinted at the possible cause of childhood leukaemia by infection? _ （ A） Leo Kinlen. （ B） Richard Doll. （ C） Louise Parker. （ D） Heather D
28、ickinson. 42 Which statement can be supported by Heather Dickinson and Louise Parkers new findings? _ （ A） Radiation has contributed to the disease. （ B） Putting a lot of people from rural area in a large towns increases the risk of childhood leukaemia. （ C） Population mixing is the most important r
29、eason for leukaemia cluster. （ D） Childhood leukaemia is caused by an unusual infection. 43 According to the passage, which of the following is true? _ （ A） Most people believe childhood leukaemia is due to environmental factors. （ B） Population mixing best explains the cause of childhood leukaemia.
30、 （ C） Radiation has nothing to do with childhood leukaemia. （ D） Children born in a large town are at higher risk of leukaemia. 44 Cancer Research Campaign is most possibly a_. （ A） medical journal （ B） research institute （ C） private company （ D） governmental agency 45 This passage is mainly about_
31、. （ A） the cluster of leukaemia cases around the Sellafield nuclear reprocessing part （ B） the kind of infection that causes childhood leukaemia （ C） the causes of childhood leukaemia （ D） a new finding by British scientists 45 Every year New Zealanders living in London can be seen loading up Kombi
32、vans and heading off to experience the “classic European holiday“. The trip usually starts in the north of France, after crossing the channel from Dover in England to Calais, driving down through France, over the Pyrenees into Spain, west into Portugal and then across the Continent to Italy and ofte
33、n beyond. There are numerous reasons young New Zealanders take this rite of passage as well as seeing all the fantastic sights and tasting the delights of Europes food and wine, its relatively inexpensive. The Kombi is transport and accommodation all in one, cutting down significantly on costs. Ther
34、e is just one problem. As the Kombis become “antique“, these trips are usually punctuated with numerous roadside sessions as the van sits idle, in no hurry to start, while you swelter in the hot sun. But do not let this deter you. Travelling Europe in your own vehicle means no public transport sched
35、ules to cramp your style, the ability to explore the quaint, off-the-beaten-track villages where the “real“ locals live, freedom to not have to book accommodation in advance you can nearly always get a campsite and can load your vehicle with cheap, fantastic regional wines and souvenirs. With these
36、bonuses in mind, here are some suggestions for planning the great Europe road adventure. The key to a pleasurable driving experience is a good navigator and a driver with a cool head. If you do not feel relaxed driving around New Zealands cities and highways, then you probably will not enjoy driving
37、 around Europe. As co-pilot to the driver, you need to read (and understand) maps, look out for turn-offs and keep the music playing. Language is not a big problem once a few essential terms are mastered. The biggest challenge is in the cities, where traffic can be chaotic and elaborate one-way syst
38、ems and narrow, cobbled alleyways can make finding your destination hard work. It can be easier to leave the vehicle on the outskirts of town or in a camping ground and use public transport. This also avoids paying for costly parking. 46 According to the passage, the trip usually starts in_. （ A） Fr
39、ance （ B） England （ C） Spain （ D） Italy 47 The underlined word “Kombi“ (Para. 1) most probably means “_“. （ A） the name of the trip （ B） the friend going with you （ C） the brand of the van （ D） the name of a hotel 48 In the sentence “its relatively inexpensive. “ (Para. 2) , “it“ most probably refer
40、s_. （ A） the trip （ B） the transportation （ C） the accommodation （ D） the food and wine 49 What is the biggest trouble? （ A） The Kombis become too old. （ B） Language. （ C） People may not enjoy the driving experience. （ D） Finding ones destination is hard for the busy traffic in cities. 50 What is th
41、e nationality of the target readers? （ A） New Zealand （ B） England （ C） France （ D） Spain 50 The initial impact of computers was in the area of entertainment. If you walked by a video arcade in the early 1980s, you could not have failed to notice that the use of video games was growing at what some
42、considered an alarming rate. In 1981 the movie industry grossed $ 3 billion, video games took in an estimated $ 6 billion. That gives you some idea of just how big the computer industry had become. Video games employ the same technology as personal computers, and indeed many who bought personal comp
43、uters did so primarily for playing games at home, thus saving their quarters. Though video games are not as popular as they were a few years ago, they did provide consumers with their first real reason to buy PCs. A more recent computer innovation, desktop publishing, supplies one good reason for th
44、ose who write for a living to buy a PC. Desktop publishing is a deceptively simple description for an extremely complex group of hardware and software tools. You can now write text, edit text, draw illustrations, incorporate photographs, design page layouts, and print a finished document with a rela
45、tively inexpensive computer and laser printer. Although the new technology offers new freedom, there is a price to be paid for this freedom. With total control comes total responsibility. In fact, the issue of social responsibility in our new computer age has long been a topic of debate among comput
46、er enthusiasts. Some people are concerned with the long-term social effects of the so-called computer revolution. Ironically, many PC pioneers who built and marketed the first machines were 60s-style advocates of social change. They claim that while personal computer technology has the potential to
47、make society more equal, its having the opposite effect since upper-middle-class people can afford them and lower-class people cannot. In addition, the ways that computers are used to monitor the activities of their users have evoked anxiety about the machines. Over 7 million Americans now have thei
48、r work paced, controlled, and monitored by computers. A computer is more restrictive and powerful in the way it controls people than the old-fashioned assembly line. This can lead to what some have called “tech-stress“. Irritated eyes, back problems, and other physical symptoms have also been associ
49、ated with the extensive use of computers. Although the personal computer may not have had the impact some predicted a decade age, the combination of computer technology with satellites and cable does promise innovations in the mass media that would have seemed astonishing just a few short years ago. 51 The dramatic growth of the business dealing in video games is the result of_. （ A） the development of computer industry （ B） the development of wireless technology （ C） the decline in movie industry （ D） the depression in the
