1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 284及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twi
2、ce. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 PART C Directions: You will he
3、ar three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear eac
4、h piece ONLY ONCE. 11 What major did Ms. Kophal got when she graduated from the University of Rostock last year? （ A） Medical science （ B） Political science （ C） Biology （ D） Production management 12 What is the national average percent of unemployment? （ A） 9 percent （ B） 12 percent （ C） 16 percent
5、 （ D） 18 percent 13 What are the two classic jobs that people will take in Rostock, besides working at McDonalds? （ A） Becoming a physicist （ B） Becoming a school teacher （ C） Becoming a taxi driver （ D） Becoming a magazine production manager 14 What unusual question may doctors ask when giving kids
6、 a checkup next time? （ A） How much exercise they get every day. （ B） What they are most worried about. （ C） How long their parents accompany them daily. （ D） What entertainment they are interested in. 15 The academy suggests that children under age two_. （ A） get enough entertainment （ B） have more
7、 activities （ C） receive early education （ D） have regular checkups 16 According to the report, childrens bedrooms should_. （ A） be no place for play （ B） be near a common area （ C） have no TV sets （ D） have a computer for study 17 Mark Twains letter about the Statue of Liberty_. （ A） represented a
8、serious question as to the need for the statue （ B） was a put-on by a journalist （ C） raised a great deal of money （ D） poked fun at the French 18 How many years elapsed from the conception of the statue until its completion? （ A） 11 years. （ B） 16 years. （ C） 26 years. （ D） 21 years 19 French engin
9、eering genius is seen in the Statue of Liberty in_. （ A） design of its base （ B） design of its stressed sheathing （ C） locating the statue without disrupting harbor traffic （ D） keeping the flame lit 20 The Statue of Libertys development embarrassed Americans in the 1880s because （ A） they took so l
10、ong to raise the money （ B） it was apparent the statue was mislocated （ C） its design was tasteless （ D） they felt that the concept was a waste of money 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D o
11、n ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 Everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a modern state: 21 it, it would not be possible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us; 22 the workers in government offices who 23 our health, our food, our water, and all 24 things that we can not do for ourselves. By 25 o
12、f taxation, we pay for things that we need as 26 as we need somewhere to live and something to eat. In most countries, a direct tax on persons, 27 is called income tax, exists. It is arranged in such a way that the poorest people pay 28 , and the percentage of tax grows greater as the taxpayers 29 g
13、rows. In England, for example, the tax on the 30 people goes up as high as ninety-five percent! But countries with direct taxation nearly always have 31 taxation too. Many things imported into the country have to pay taxes or “duties“. 32 , it is the men and women who buy the imported things in the
14、shops who really 33 pay the duties, in the 34 of higher prices. In some countries, too, there is a tax 35 things sold in the shops. If the most necessaary things are taxed, a lot of money is collected, but the poor people suffer 36 . If unnecessary things like jewels and fur coats are taxed, 37 is o
15、btained,but the tax is fairer, as the 38 pay it. Probably this last kind of indirect tax, 39 with a direct on incomes which is low for the poor and high for the rich, is 40 arrangement. （ A） because of （ B） instead of （ C） with （ D） without （ A） so （ B） nor （ C） not （ D） all （ A） look after （ B） sym
16、pathize （ C） consider （ D） see （ A） other （ B） others （ C） the other （ D） many （ A） mean （ B） means （ C） a means （ D） the means （ A） many （ B） well （ C） more （ D） much （ A） which （ B） what （ C） that （ D） it （ A） a lot （ B） most （ C） nothing （ D） more （ A） income （ B） population （ C） tax （ D） amount
17、（ A） poor （ B） working （ C） rich （ D） richest （ A） no （ B） income （ C） indirect （ D） direct （ A） However （ B） So （ C） Of course （ D） By chance （ A） have to （ B） will （ C） are willing to （ D） should （ A） way （ B） form （ C） name （ D） terms （ A） about （ B） on （ C） for （ D） form （ A） least （ B） highly （
18、 C） less （ D） most （ A） less money （ B） more money （ C） fewer money （ D） most money （ A） people （ B） poor （ C） rich （ D） country （ A） including （ B） along （ C） dealing （ D） and （ A） the best （ B） the worst （ C） good （ D） better Part B Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions b
19、elow each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 40 A study by scientists in Finland has found that mobile phone radiation can cause changes in human cells that might affect the brain, the leader of the research team said. But Darius Leszczynski, who headed the 2-year s
20、tudy and will present findings next week at a conference in Quebec (魁北克 ), said more research was needed to determine the seriousness of the changes and their impact on the brain or the body. The study at Finlands Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority found that exposure to radiation from mobile ph
21、ones can cause increased activity in hundreds of proteins in human cells grown in a laboratory, he said. “We know that there is some biological response. We can detect it with our very sensitive approaches, but we do not know whether it can have any physiological effects on the human brain or human
22、body,“ Leszczynski said. Nonetheless the study, the initial findings of which were published last month in the scientific journal Differentiation, raises new questions about whether mobile phone radiation can weaken the brains protective shield against harmful substances. The study focused on change
23、s in cells that line blood vessels and on whether such changes could weaken the functioning of the blood-brain barrier, which prevents potentially harmful substances from entering the brain from the bloodstream, Leszczynski said. The study found that a protein called hsp27 linked to the functioning
24、of the blood-brain barrier showed increased activity due to irradiation and pointed to a possibility that such activity could make the shield more permeable(能透过的 ), he said. “Increased protein activity might cause cells to shrink not the blood vessels but the cells themselves and then tiny gaps coul
25、d appear between those cells through which some molecules could pass. “ he said. Leszczynski declined to speculate on what kind of health risks that could pose, but said a French study indicated that headache, fatigue and sleep disorders could result. “These are not life-threatening problems but can
26、 cause a lot of discomfort,“ he said, adding that a Swedish group had also suggested a possible link with Alzheimers disease. “Where the truth is I do not know,“ he said. Leszczynski said that he, his wife and children use mobile phones, and he said that he did not think his study suggested any need
27、 for new restrictions on mobile phone use. 41 According to Leszczynski, how does mobile phone affect ones health? （ A） Mobile phone radiation can increase protein activities and such activities can make the protective shield more permeable. （ B） Mobile phone radiation can shrink the blood vessels an
28、d prevent blood from flowing smoothly. （ C） Mobile phone radiation will bring stress to people exposed to it. （ D） Mobile phone radiation kills blood cells at a rapid speed. 42 Whats the result of the French study? （ A） The harm of mobile phone radiation is life-threatening. （ B） Mobile phone may af
29、fect ones normal way of thinking. （ C） Sleep disorders could result from mobile phone radiation. （ D） A protein called hsp27 is killed by mobile phone radiation. 43 What kind of disease is not caused by the use of mobile phone? （ A） Fatigue. （ B） Headache. （ C） Alzheimers disease. （ D） Tuberculosis.
30、 44 According to the passage, what would be the future of the use of mobile phone? （ A） People will be forbidden to use mobile phone. （ B） People dare not use mobile phone because of its radiation. （ C） People will continue to use mobile phone. （ D） There will be new restrictions on the use of mobil
31、e phone. 45 Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? （ A） The research in Finland found that mobile phone radiation will affect ones brain. （ B） Mobile phone radiation can cause increased activity in hundreds of protein in human cells. （ C） Increased protein activity might cause
32、cells to shrink. （ D） Lszczynski forbade his wife and children to use mobile phone after his research. 45 Real policemen hardly recognize any resemblance between their lives and what they see on TV. The first difference is that a policemans real life revolves round criminal law. He has to know exact
33、ly what actions are crimes and what evidence can be used to prove them in court. He has to know nearly as much law as a professional lawyer, and what is more, he has to apply it on his feet, in the dark and rain, running down a street after someone he wants to talk to. Little of his time is spent in
34、 chatting, he will spend most of his working life typing millions of words on thousands of forms about hundreds of sad, unimportant people who are guilty of stupid, petty crimes. Most television crime drama is about finding the criminal: as soon as hes arrested, the story is over. In real life, find
35、ing criminals is seldom much of a problem. Except in very serious cases like murders and terrorist attacks little effort is spent on searching. Having made an arrest, a detective really starts to work. He has to prove his case in court and to do that he often has to gather a lot of difference eviden
36、ce. At third big difference between the drama detective and the real one is the unpleasant pressures: first, as members of a police force they always have to behave absolutely in accordance with the law; secondly, as expensive public servants they have to get results. They can hardly ever do both. M
37、ost of the time some of them have to break the rules in small ways. If the detective has to deceive the world, the world often deceives him. Hardly anyone he meets tells him the truth. And this separation the detective feels between himself and the rest of the world is deepened by the simple-mindedn
38、ess as he sees it of citizens, social workers, doctors, law-makers, and judges, who, instead of eliminating crime punish the criminals less severely in the hope that this will make them reform. The result, detectives feel, is that nine-tenths of their work is recatching people who should have stayed
39、 behind bars. This makes them rather cynical. 46 A policeman has to be trained in criminal law because_. （ A） he must be able to tell when and where a crime is committed （ B） he must justify the arrests he makes of criminals （ C） he must behave as professional lawyers do （ D） he must work hard to he
40、lp reform criminals 47 What is the most suitable word that describes the work of a policeman according to the passage? _ （ A） Distressing. （ B） Dramatic. （ C） Dangerous. （ D） Demanding. 48 According to the passage, policemen spend most of their time and efforts_. （ A） consulting the rules of law （ B
41、） collecting and providing evidence （ C） tracking and arresting criminals （ D） patrolling the street, rain or shine 49 Whats the policemans biggest headache? （ A） He has to justify his arrests while unable to provide sufficient evidence in most cases. （ B） He has to provide the best possible public
42、service at the least possible expense. （ C） He has to get the most desirable results without breaking the law in any way. （ D） He can hardly find enough time to learn criminal law while burdened with numerous criminal cases. 50 Why do policemen feel separated from the rest of the world? （ A） Because
43、 they feel superior to simple-minded people around them. （ B） Because they are suspicious of the people around them. （ C） Because they do not receive due support from society. （ D） Because they find people insincere to them. 50 Placing a human being behind the wheel of an automobile often has the sa
44、me curios effect as cutting certain fibres in the brain. The result in either case is more primitive behaviour. Hostile feelings are apt to be expressed in an aggressive way. The same man who will step aside for a stranger at a doorway will, when behind the wheel, risk an accident trying to beat ano
45、ther motorist through an intersection. The importance of emotional factors in automobile accidents is gaining recognition. Doctors and other scientists have concluded that the highway death toll resembles a disease epidemic and should be investigated as such. Dr. Ross A. McFarland, an associate prof
46、essor of industrial Hygiene at the Harvard U-niversity School of Public Health, aid that accidents “now constitute a greater threat to the safety of large segments of the population than diseases do. “ Accidents are the leading cause of death between the ages of 1 and 35. About one third of all acci
47、dental deaths and one seventh of all accidental injuries are caused by motor vehicles. Based on the present rate of vehicle registration, unless the accident rate is cut in half, one of every 10 persons in the country will be killed or injured in a traffic accident in the next 15 years. Research to
48、find the underlying causes of accidents and to develop ways to detect drivers who are apt to cause them is being conducted at universities and medical centres. Here are some of their findings so far： A man drives as he lives. If he is often in trouble with collection agencies, the courts, and police
49、, chances are he will have repeated automobile accidents. Accident repeaters usually are egocentric, exhibitionistic, resentful of authority, impulsive, and lacking in social responsibility. As a group, they can be classified as borderline psychopathic personalities, according to Dr. McFarland. The suspicion, however, that accident repeaters could be detected in advance by screening out persons with more hostile impulses is false. A study at the University of Colorado showed that there were just as many overly hostile persons amon
