1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 285及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twi
2、ce. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 PART C Directions: You will he
3、ar three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear eac
4、h piece ONLY ONCE. 11 What has cloning bypassed? （ A） The nuclear transfer （ B） The process taking DNA （ C） The normal reproductive process （ D） The creation of cells 12 Whats the big breakthrough with Dolly, the first cloned animal? （ A） It makes a clone from an ordinary, adult cell. （ B） It makes
5、the first normal and healthy cloned animal. （ C） It paves the way to the cloning of human beings. （ D） It makes a cloned animal with only mother. 13 Which country first passed the law banning human cloning? （ A） The United States （ B） The United Kingdom （ C） Switzerland （ D） Russia 14 What is the ta
6、rget group for this years “No Tobacco Day“? （ A） Children under 16 （ B） Men between 20 and 33 years old （ C） Women （ D） Old people with serious diseases 15 What is the recent important development observed in developing countries? （ A） The number of smokers has been falling about 2 percent a year. （
7、 B） The number of smokers has been rising 20 percent a year. （ C） The number of smokers has been rising 2 percent a year. （ D） The number of smokers has been falling 20 percent a year. 16 What is the good of the World Health Organization? （ A） To set a “smoke-free“ world （ B） To teach the people in
8、developing countries a lesson （ C） To forbid farmers to grow tobacco （ D） To forbid smokers to buy tobacco products 17 Mark Twains letter about the Statue of Liberty_. （ A） represented a serious question as to the need for the statue （ B） was a put-on by a journalist （ C） raised a great deal of mone
9、y （ D） poked fun at the French 18 How many years elapsed from the conception of the statue until its completion? （ A） 11 years. （ B） 16 years. （ C） 26 years. （ D） 21 years 19 French engineering genius is seen in the Statue of Liberty in_. （ A） design of its base （ B） design of its stressed sheathing
10、 （ C） locating the statue without disrupting harbor traffic （ D） keeping the flame lit 20 The Statue of Libertys development embarrassed Americans in the 1880s because （ A） they took so long to raise the money （ B） it was apparent the statue was mislocated （ C） its design was tasteless （ D） they fel
11、t that the concept was a waste of money 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 College sports in the United States are a huge deal. Almost all major American universities
12、have football, baseball, basketball and hockey programs, and 21 millions of dollars each year to sports. Most of them earn millions 22 as well, in television revenues, sponsorships. They also benefit 23 from the added publicity they get via their teams. Big-name universities 24 each other in the mos
13、t popular sports. Football games at Michigan regularly 25 crowds of over 90, 000. Basketballs national collegiate championship game is a TV 26 on a par with(与 相同或相似 ) any other sporting event in the United States, 27 perhaps the Super Bowl itself. At any given time during fall or winter one can 28 o
14、nes TV set and see the top athletic programs from schools like Michigan, UCLA, Duke and Stanford 29 in front of packed houses and national TV audiences. The athletes themselves are 30 and provided with scholarships. College coaches identify 31 teenagers and then go into high schools to 32 the countr
15、ys best players to attend their universities. There are strict rules about 33 coaches can recruit no recruiting calls after 9 p.m. , only one official visit to a campus but they are often bent and sometimes 34 . Top college football programs 35 scholarships to 20 or 30 players each year, and those s
16、tudent-athletes, when they arrive 36 campus, receive free housing, tuition, meals, books, etc. In return, the players 37 the program in their sport. Football players at top colleges 38 two hours a day, four days a week from January to April. In summer, its back to strength and agility training four
17、days a week until mid-August, when camp 39 and preparation for the opening of the September-to-December season begins 40 . During the season, practices last two or three hours a day from Tuesday to Friday. Saturday is game day. Mondays are an officially mandated day of rest. （ A） attribute （ B） dist
18、ribute （ C） devote （ D） attach （ A） out （ B） by （ C） in （ D） back （ A） directly （ B） indirectly （ C） apart （ D） indirect （ A） compete for （ B） compete in （ C） compete against （ D） compete over （ A） draw （ B） amuse （ C） govern （ D） handle （ A） spectator （ B） spectacle （ C） spectrum （ D） spectacles （
19、A） save （ B） saving （ C） saved （ D） to save （ A） flip on （ B） flap at （ C） fling away （ D） flush out （ A） battle （ B） to battle （ C） battling （ D） battled （ A） recruited （ B） reconciled （ C） rectified （ D） reserved （ A） promising （ B） pleasing （ C） prominent （ D） professional （ A） contrive （ B） conv
20、ince （ C） convert （ D） convict （ A） which （ B） what （ C） how （ D） whether （ A） ignored （ B） neglected （ C） remembered （ D） noticed （ A） offer （ B） afford （ C） award （ D） reward （ A） in （ B） on （ C） at （ D） around （ A） commit themselves to （ B） commit themselves on （ C） commute themselves to （ D） com
21、ply themselves to （ A） work in （ B） work out （ C） work over （ D） work off （ A） recalls （ B） enlists （ C） convenes （ D） collects （ A） in principle （ B） in confidence （ C） in name （ D） in earnest Part B Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C
22、 or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 40 The rise of multinational corporations, global marketing, new communications technologies, and shrinking cultural differences have led to an unparalleled increase in global public relations or PR(public relation). Surprisingly, since modern PR was larg
23、ely an American invention, the U.S. leadership in public relations is being threatened by PR efforts in other countries. Ten years ago, for example, the worlds top five public relations agencies were American-owned. In 1991, only one was. The British in particular are becoming more sophisticated and
24、 creative. A recent survey found that more than half of all British companies include PR as part of their corporate planning activities, compared to about one-third of U. S. companies. It may not be long before London replaces New York as the capital of PR. Why is America lagging behind in the globa
25、l PR race? Firstly, Americans as a whole tend to be fairly provincial and take more of an interest in local affairs. Knowledge of world geography, for example, has never been strong in this country. Secondly, American lag behind their European and Asian counterparts in knowing a second language. Les
26、s than 5 percent of Burson-Marshalls U. S. employees know two languages. Ogilvy and Mather has a-bout the same percentage. Conversely, some European firms have half or more of their employees fluent in a second language. Finally, people involved in PR abroad tend to keep a closer eye on internationa
27、l affairs. In the financial PR area, for instance, most Americans read the Wall Street Journal. Overseas, their counterparts read the Journal as well as the Financial Times of London and The Economist, publications not often read in this country. Perhaps the PR industry might take a lesson from Ted
28、Turner of CNN (Cable News Network). Turner recently announced that the word “foreign“ would no longer be used on CNN news broadcasts. According to Turner, global communications have made the nations of the would so interdependent that there is no longer any such thing as foreign. 41 According to the
29、 passage, U.S. leadership in public relations is being threatened because of_. （ A） shrinking cultural differences and new communication technologies （ B） increased efforts of other countries in public relations （ C） an unparalleled increase in the number of public relations companies （ D） the incre
30、asing number of multinational corporations and technologies 42 The underlined word “provincial“ (Para. 3) most probably means “_“. （ A） rigid in thinking （ B） interested in world financial affairs （ C） like people from the provinces （ D） limited in outlook 43 London could soon replace New York as th
31、e centre of PR because_. （ A） British companies place more importance on PR than U. S. companies （ B） British companies are heavily involved in planning activities （ C） British companies are more ambitious than U. S. （ D） Four of the worlds top public relations agencies are British-owned 44 We learn
32、 from the third paragraph that employees in the American PR industry （ A） enjoy reading a great variety of English business publications （ B） speak at least one foreign language fluently （ C） are ignorant about world geography （ D） are not as sophisticated as their European counterparts 45 What less
33、on might be the PR industry take from Ted Turner of CNN? （ A） The American PR industry should develop global communication technologies. （ B） People involved in PR should avoid using the word “foreign“. （ C） American PR companies should be more internationally minded. （ D） People working in PR shoul
34、d be more fluent in foreign languages. 45 Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return? Since OPEC agreed to supply-cuts in March, the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $ 26 a barrel, up from less than $ 10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memorie
35、s of the 1973 oil shocks resulted in double-digit inflation and global economic decline. So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time? The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports. Strengthening economic growth, at the same time as winter grips
36、the northern hemisphere, could push the price higher still in the short term. Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the 1970s. In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the 197
37、0s. In Europe, taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price, so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past. Rich economics are also less dependent on oil than they were, and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price. Energy con
38、servation, a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption. Software, consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production. For each dollar of GDP (in constant prices) rich economics now use nearly 5
39、0% less oil than in 1973. The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that, if oil prices averaged $ 22 a barrel for a full year, compared with $13 in 1998, this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25-0.5% of GDP. That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1
40、974 or 1980. On the other hand, oil-importing emerging economiesto which heavy industry has shifted have become more energy-intensive, and so could be more seriously squeezed. One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that, unlike the rises in the 1970s, it has not occurred ag
41、ainst the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand. A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline. The Economists commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago. In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70% , and in 1979 by almost 3
42、0% . 46 The main reason for the latest rise of oil price is_. （ A） global inflation （ B） reduction in supply （ C） fast growth in economy （ D） Iraqs suspension of exports 47 It can be inferred from the text that the retail price of petrol will go up dramatically if （ A） price of crude rises （ B） comm
43、odity prices rise （ C） consumption rises （ D） oil taxes rise 48 The estimates in Economic Outlook show that in rich countries_. （ A） heavy industry becomes more energy-intensive （ B） income loss mainly results from fluctuating crude oil prices （ C） manufacturing industry has been seriously squeezed
44、（ D） oil price changes have no significant impact on GDP 49 We can draw a conclusion from the text that_. （ A） oil-price shocks are less shocking now （ B） inflation seems irrelevant to oil-price shocks （ C） energy conservation can keep down the oil prices （ D） the price rise of crude leads to the sh
45、rinking of heavy industry 50 From the text can see that the writer seems_. （ A） optimistic （ B） sensitive （ C） gloomy （ D） scared 50 Much of the language used to describe monetary policy,such as “steering the economy to a soft landing“ or “a touch on the brakes“, makes it sound like a precise scienc
46、e. Nothing could be further from the truth. The link between interest rates and inflation is uncertain. And there are long,variable lags before policy changes have any effect on the economy. Hence the analogy that likens the conduct of monetary policy to driving a car with a blackened windscreen, a
47、cracked rear-view mirror and a faulty steering wheel. Given all these disadvantages, central bankers seem to have had much to boast about of late. Average inflation in the big seven industrial economies fell to a mere 2.3% last year, close to its lowest level in 30 years, before rising slightly to 2
48、.5% this July. This is a long way below the double-digit rates which many countries experienced in the 1970s and early 1980s. It is also less than most forecasters had predicted. In late 1994 the panel of economists which The Economist polls each month said that Americas inflation rate would average
49、 3.5% in 1995. In fact,it fell to 2.6%in August, and is expected to average only about 3%for the year as a whole. In Britain and Japan inflation is running half a percentage point below the rate predicted at the end of last year. This is no flash in the pan; over the past couple of years, inflation has been consistently lower than expected in Britain and America. Economists have been particularly surprised by favourable inflation figures in Britain and the United States, since conventional measures suggest that both econo
