1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 293及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twi
2、ce. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 PART C Directions: You will he
3、ar three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear eac
4、h piece ONLY ONCE. 11 What are the two speakers talking about? （ A） The benefits of nuclear weapons. （ B） The environmental pollution caused by nuclear-powered stations. （ C） The disadvantages of used fuel. （ D） The advantages of nuclear-powered stations. 12 Where is the used fuel disposed of? （ A）
5、The United Nations Atomic Energy Authority. （ B） The United Kingdom Atomic Energy Organization. （ C） The United States Atomic Energy Authority. （ D） The United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority. 13 Which is NOT the advantage of the nuclear stations? （ A） The nuclear stations are safer than the coal-fi
6、red stations. （ B） The cost of building the nuclear stations is more than that of the coal-fired stations. （ C） The cheaper running of the nuclear stations can offset its great construction. （ D） The nuclear stations are much cleaner than the conventional ones. 14 How does a whale keep itself warm?
7、（ A） By its thick layer of fat under its skin. （ B） By moving frequently in the water. （ C） By adjusting its blood temperature. （ D） By taking in hot air. 15 What do we learn about the blood temperature of a whale? （ A） Grows colder as the blubber accumulates. （ B） Remains the same. （ C） Varies acco
8、rding to the water temperature. （ D） Grows warmer as the whale grows older. 16 In what way do whales distinguish themselves from other land mammals? （ A） They have very few hairs on their bodies. （ B） They bear their young rather than laying eggs. （ C） Their lungs are full of hot air and water. （ D）
9、 They can walk on their hind legs on land. 17 What hasnt Devorah Day involved in? （ A） Madrigals. （ B） Folk. （ C） Rock. （ D） Opera. 18 What is Devorah Day going to sing in future? （ A） Continue to sing jazz. （ B） Transfer to opera. （ C） Whatever songs she is offered. （ D） She is not sure. 19 How is
10、her family? （ A） It doesnt have any musical background. （ B） It has many musicians. （ C） They pay much attention to Day s work. （ D） They didnt care about Day at all. 20 Which statement is true about Devorah Day? （ A） She starts singing as a jazz singer. （ B） The sessions for the album was done in 1
11、999. （ C） Her family supports her work very much. （ D） She has faith in herself despite opposition of people around. 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 Besides climate
12、 change, developing countries like China need to deal with energy【 C1】 _and environmental issues: the development of sources of clean energy needs to be【 C2】 _line with their interests. Clean energy has been given greater prominence than ever before; it is seen as a new industrial【 C3】 _and【 C4】_of
13、economic growth for the new century. The time for clean energy has come. In China, clean energy is moving ahead at full speed. Take wind power as an example: by the end of last year, China had【 C5】 _wind power generating capacity of 12. 21GW, making China the largest wind power generator in Asia and
14、 fourth in the world. But according to the research, one-third of wind power capacity is running【 C6】_due to an inability to get the power to the national【 C7】 _. India-like China relies【 C8】 _on coal for its energy needs. This will only change if the funds and technology to develop clean energy, su
15、ch as wind and nuclear power, are【 C9】 _. India will not choose clean energy【 C10】 _. Nuclear power is currently the most【 C11】 _of clean energy sources.【 C12】 _, if it is to be【 C13】 _on a large scale by developing nations, technological advances will be needed to make it competitive with coal. Com
16、pared【 C14】 _developed countries, developing countries have more【 C15】 _choices when it comes to energy structure. Promoting economic growth requires【 C16】 _energy and coal, the cheapest and most【 C17】 _source of energy for many countries is the【 C18】 _choice. Cheap coal means cheap electricity and
17、a competitive economy. Rising electricity prices would cause public【 C19】 _and impact on standards of【 C20】 _. 21 【 C1】 （ A） scarce （ B） scare （ C） scarcity （ D） scary 22 【 C2】 （ A） on （ B） in （ C） with （ D） along 23 【 C3】 （ A） revolution （ B） evolution （ C） advance （ D） development 24 【 C4】 （ A） re
18、source （ B） reason （ C） root （ D） source 25 【 C5】 （ A） inspected （ B） inspired （ C） instigate （ D） installed 26 【 C6】 （ A） effectively （ B） regularly （ C） slowly （ D） idle 27 【 C7】 （ A） net （ B） network （ C） grid （ D） mesh 28 【 C8】 （ A） mainly （ B） significantly （ C） majorly （ D） vitally 29 【 C9】 （
19、A） provident （ B） providential （ C） providing （ D） provided 30 【 C10】 （ A） by itself （ B） on its own （ C） voluntarily （ D） automatically 31 【 C11】 （ A） cheapest （ B） expensive （ C） competitive （ D） advanced 32 【 C12】 （ A） Therefore （ B） However （ C） Furthermore （ D） Otherwise 33 【 C13】 （ A） adopted
20、（ B） adapted （ C） adaptable （ D） admitted 34 【 C14】 （ A） to （ B） with （ C） in （ D） upon 35 【 C15】 （ A） limited （ B） limitless （ C） maximal （ D） minimal 36 【 C16】 （ A） expensive （ B） much （ C） competitive （ D） cheap 37 【 C17】 （ A） absurd （ B） abundance （ C） absent （ D） abundant 38 【 C18】 （ A） good （
21、B） best （ C） first （ D） last 39 【 C19】 （ A） discord （ B） content （ C） discontent （ D） discomfort 40 【 C20】 （ A） life （ B） living （ C） live （ D） lives Part B Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.
22、 40 Since the dawn of human ingenuity, people have devised ever more cunning tools to cope with work that is dangerous, boring, burdensome, or just plain nasty. That compulsion has resulted in robotics - the science of conferring various human capabilities on machines. And if scientists have yet to
23、create the mechanical version of science fiction, they have begun to come close. As a result, the modern world is increasingly populated by intelligent gizmos whose presence we barely notice but whose universal existence has removed much human labor. Our factories hum to the rhythm of robot assembly
24、 arms. Our banking is done at automated teller terminals that thank us with mechanical politeness for the transaction. Our subway trains are controlled by tireless robot drivers. And thanks to the continual miniaturization of electronics and micromechanics, there are already robot systems that can p
25、erform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with submillimeter accuracy - far greater precision than highly skilled physicians can achieve with their hands alone. But if robots are to reach the next stage of laborsaving utility, they will have to operate with less human supervision and be able to ma
26、ke at least a few decisions for themselves - goals that pose a real challenge. “While we know how to tell a robot to handle a specific error, “ says Dave La-very , manager of a robotics program at NASA, “ we cant yet give a robot enough common sense to reliably interact with a dynamic world. “ Indee
27、d the quest for true artificial intelligence has produced very mixed results. Despite a spell of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when it appeared that transistor circuits and microprocessors might be able to copy the action of the human brain by the year 2010, researchers lately have begun t
28、o extend that forecast by decades if not centuries. What they found, in attempting to model thought, is that the human brains roughly one hundred billion nerve cells are much more talented - and human perception far more complicated - than previously imagined. They have built robots that can recogni
29、ze the error of a machine panel by a fraction of a millimeter in a controlled factory environment. But the human mind can glimpse a rapidly changing scene and immediately disregard the 98 percent that is irrelevant, instantaneously focusing on the monkey at the side of a winding forest road or the s
30、ingle suspicious face in a big crowd. The most advanced computer systems on Earth cant approach that kind of ability, and neuroscientists still dont know quite how we do it. 41 Human ingenuity was initially demonstrated in （ A） the use of machines to produce science fiction. （ B） the wide use of mac
31、hines in manufacturing industry. （ C） the invention of tools for difficult and dangerous work. （ D） the elites cunning tackling of dangerous and boring work. 42 The word “gizmos“ (Line 1, Paragraph 2)most probably means （ A） programs. （ B） experts. （ C） devices. （ D） creatures. 43 According to the t
32、ext, what is beyond man s ability now is to design a robot that can （ A） fulfill delicate tasks like performing brain surgery. （ B） interact with human beings verbally. （ C） have a little common sense. （ D） respond independently to a changing world. 44 Besides reducing human labor, robots can also （
33、 A） make a few decisions for themselves. （ B） deal with some errors with human intervention. （ C） improve factory environments. （ D） cultivate human creativity. 45 The author uses the example of a monkey to argue that robots are （ A） expected to copy human brain in internal structure. （ B） able to p
34、erceive abnormalities immediately. （ C） far less able than human brain in focusing on relevant information. （ D） best used in a controlled environment. 45 Education is primarily the responsibility of the states. State constitutions set up certain standards and rules for the establishment of school.
35、State laws require children to go to school until they reach a certain age. The actual control of the schools, however, is usually a local matter. The control of the schools does not usually come directly from the local government. In each of the three types of city government, public schools are ge
36、nerally quite separate and independent. They cooperate with local officials but are not dominated by the municipal government. Most Americans believe that schools should be free of political pressures. They believe that the separate control of the school systems preserves such freedom. Public school
37、s are usually maintained by school districts. The state often sets the district boundaries. Sometimes the school district has the same boundaries as the city. Sometimes it is larger than the city. In the South, county boards of education members are elected. In some places they are appointed by the
38、mayor or city council. The state legislature decides which method should be used. Most district boards of education try to give all pupils a chance to get a good education. A good education prepares a person to live a better life. It helps him to become a better citizen. Nearly all states give finan
39、cial aid to local school districts. State departments of education offer other kinds of aid. States offer help with such things as program planning and the school districts. The federal government also helps. The National Defense Education Act allows school districts to get financial aid for certain
40、 purposes. The Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 added many other kinds of financial help. But neither the state nor the federal government dictates school policy. This is determined by local school boards. 46 Which of the following law is related to education? （ A） The National Defense
41、 Education Act. （ B） The Elementary and Secondary Education Act. （ C） The Independence Act. （ D） Both A and B. 47 How did the state control education? （ A） By setting up certain standard and rules. （ B） By requesting the children to go to schools until they are of certain age. （ C） Either A or B. （
42、D） Both A and B. 48 How did they preserve the freedom of the schools from political pressure? （ A） By uniting all the schools into a union. （ B） By having the federal administration. （ C） By having separate and independent control. （ D） By cooperating with the state government. 49 People favor the i
43、ndependence of school for the reason that （ A） people believe that it will ensure the existence of freedom. （ B） people believe that it will deprive the school of the financial aid. （ C） local government can rid itself from the financial burden. （ D） state government is not willing to exert its effo
44、rt on it. 50 The school district is likely to be all of the following EXCEPT （ A） larger than city district. （ B） larger than the state district. （ C） the same as the city district. （ D） Both A and C. 50 Karen Rusa was a 30-year-old woman and the mother of four children. For the past several months
45、Karen had been experiencing repetitive thoughts that centered around her children s safety. She frequently found herself imagining that a serious accident had occurred; she was unable to put these thoughts out of her mind. On one such occasion she imagined that her son, Alan, had broken his leg play
46、ing football at school. There was no reason to believe that an accident had occurred, but she kept thinking about the possibility until she finally called the school to see if Alan was all right. Even after receiving their assurance that he had not been hurt, she described herself as being somewhat
47、surprised when he later arrived home unharmed. Karen also noted that her daily routine was seriously hampered by an extensive series of counting work that she performed throughout each day. Specific numbers had come to have a special meaning to her; she found that her preoccupation with these number
48、s was hampering her ability to perform everyday activities. One example was grocery shopping. Karen believed that if she selected the first item on the shelf, something terrible would happen to her oldest child. If she selected the second item, some unknown disaster would fall on her second child, a
49、nd so on for the four children. Karen s preoccupation with numbers extended to other activities, most notable the pattern in which she smoked cigarettes and drank coffee. If she had one cigarette; she believed that she had to smoke at least four in a row, or one of her children would be harmed in some way. If she drank one cup of coffee, she felt compelled to drink four. Karen acknowledged the unreasonableness of these rules, but, nevertheless, maintained that she felt m
