1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 314及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twi
2、ce. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 0 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 5 PART C Directions: You will he
3、ar three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear eac
4、h piece ONLY ONCE. 11 What kind of food is most likely to cause dental decay? （ A） Coca Cola. （ B） Sausage. （ C） Milk. （ D） Fried chicken. 12 How many decayed teeth does Dr. Faustick have? （ A） 13. （ B） None. （ C） 1 （ D） A few. 13 What does Dr. Faustick suggest to prevent dental decay? （ A） Brush yo
5、ur teeth in the morning. （ B） Brush your teeth in the evening. （ C） Clean your teeth shortly after eating. （ D） Have your teeth X-rayed. 14 Marco Polo came to China （ A） alone. （ B） with two friends. （ C） with his brothers. （ D） with his father and uncle. 15 He stayed in China for almost （ A） 20 yea
6、rs. （ B） 12 years. （ C） 7 years. （ D） 3 years. 16 How many unbelievable descriptions in Marco Polo s book are mentioned in the passage? （ A） 5. （ B） 3. （ C） 2 （ D） 1 17 Whats the main topic of the monologue? （ A） Different animals yawns. （ B） Humans yawn. （ C） Fishs yawn. （ D） Social animals yawns.
7、18 What is the speakers main point? （ A） Animals yawn for a number of reasons. （ B） Yawning results only from fatigue or boredom. （ C） Human yawns are the same as those of other animals. （ D） Only social animals yawn. 19 According to the speaker, when are hippos likely to yawn? （ A） When they are sw
8、imming. （ B） When they are quarreling. （ C） When they are socializing. （ D） When they are eating. 20 What physiological reason for yawning is mentioned? （ A） To exercise the jaw muscles. （ B） To eliminate fatigue. （ C） To get greater strength for attacking. （ D） To gain more oxygen. Part A 20 You ma
9、y say that the business of marking books is going to slow down your reading. It probably will. That s one of the【 B1】 _for doing it. Most of us have been taken in by the notion that speed of【 B2】 _is a measure of our intelligence. There is no such things as the right【 B3】 _for intelligent reading. S
10、ome things should be【 B4】 _quickly and effortlessly, and some should be read slowly and even laboriously. The sign of intelligence【 B5】_reading is the ability to read different things differently according to their worth. In the【 B6】 _of good books, the point is not to see how many of them can you g
11、et through,【 B7】_how many can you get through themhow many you can【 B8】 _your own. A few friends are better than a thousand acquaintances. If this be your goal,【 B9】 _it should be, you will not be impatient if it takes more time and effort to read a great book than a newspaper【 B10】 _. You may have
12、another objection to【 B11】 _books. You can t lend them to your friends【 B12】 _nobody else can read them【 B13】 _being distracted by your notes. What s more, you wont want to lend them because a【 B14】 _copy is a kind of intellectual diary, and【 B15】 _it is almost like giving your mind away. 21 【 B1】 2
13、2 【 B2】 23 【 B3】 24 【 B4】 25 【 B5】 26 【 B6】 27 【 B7】 28 【 B8】 29 【 B9】 30 【 B10】 31 【 B11】 32 【 B12】 33 【 B13】 34 【 B14】 35 【 B15】 Part B Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 35 Since the dawn
14、of human ingenuity, people have devised ever more cunning tools to cope with work that is dangerous, boring, burdensome, or just plain nasty. That compulsion has resulted in roboticsthe science of conferring various human capabilities on machines. And if scientists have yet to create the mechanical
15、version of science fiction, they have begun to come close. As a result, the modern world is increasingly populated by intelligent gizmos whose presence we barely notice but whose universal existence has removed much human labor. Our factories hum to the rhythm of robot assembly arms. Our banking is
16、done at automated teller terminals that thank us with mechanical politeness for the transaction. Our subway trains are controlled by tireless robot drivers. And thanks to the continual miniaturization of electronics and micromechanics, there are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of b
17、rain and bone surgery with submillimeter accuracyfar greater precision than highly skilled physicians can achieve with their hands alone. But if robots are to reach the next stage of laborsaving utility, they will have to operate with less human supervision and be able to make at least a few decisio
18、ns for themselvesgoals that pose a real challenge. “While we know how to tell a robot to handle a specific error, “ says Dave Lavery , manager of a robotics program at NASA, “ we can t yet give a robot enough common sense to reliably interact with a dynamic world. Indeed the quest for true artificia
19、l intelligence has produced very mixed results. Despite a spell of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when it appeared that transistor circuits and microprocessors might be able to copy the action of the human brain by the year 2010, researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by deca
20、des if not centuries. What they found, in attempting to model thought, is that the human brain s roughly one hundred billion nerve cells are much more talentedand human perception far more complicatedthan previously imagined. They have built robots that can recognize the error of a machine panel by
21、a fraction of a millimeter in a controlled factory environment. But the human mind can glimpse a rapidly changing scene and immediately disregard the 98 percent that is irrelevant, instantaneously focusing on the monkey at the side of a winding forest road or the single suspicious face in a big crow
22、d. The most advanced computer systems on Earth can t approach that kind of ability, and neuroscientists still don t know quite how we do it. 36 Human ingenuity was initially demonstrated in_. （ A） the use of machines to produce science fiction （ B） the wide use of machines in manufacturing industry
23、（ C） the invention of tools for difficult and dangerous work （ D） the elite s cunning tackling of dangerous and boring work 37 The word “gizmos“ (Line 1, Paragraph 2)most probably means “_“. （ A） programs （ B） experts （ C） devices （ D） creatures 38 According to the text, what is beyond man s ability
24、 now is to design a robot that can （ A） fulfill delicate tasks like performing brain surgery （ B） interact with human beings verbally （ C） have a little common sense （ D） respond independently to a changing world 39 Besides reducing human labor, robots can also_. （ A） make a few decisions for themse
25、lves （ B） deal with some errors with human intervention （ C） improve factory environments （ D） cultivate human creativity 40 The author uses the example of a monkey to argue that robots are_. （ A） expected to copy human brain in internal structure （ B） able to perceive abnormalities immediately （ C）
26、 far less able than human brain in focusing on relevant information （ D） best used in a controlled environment 40 Education is primarily the responsibility of the states. State constitutions set up certain standards and rules for the establishment of school. State laws require children to go to scho
27、ol until they reach a certain age. The actual control of the schools, however, is usually a local matter. The control of the schools does not usually come directly from the local government. In each of the three types of city government, public schools are generally quite separate and independent. T
28、hey cooperate with local officials but are not dominated by the municipal government. Most Americans believe that schools should be free of political pressures. They believe that the separate control of the school systems preserves such freedom. Public schools are usually maintained by school distri
29、cts. The state often sets the district boundaries. Sometimes the school district has the same boundaries as the city. Sometimes it is larger than the city. In the South, county boards of education members are elected. In some places they are appointed by the mayor or city council. The state legislat
30、ure decides which method should be used. Most district boards of education try to give all pupils a chance to get a good education. A good education prepares a person to live a better life. It helps him to become a better citizen. Nearly all states give financial aid to local school districts. State
31、 departments of education offer other kinds of aid. States offer help with such things as program planning and the school districts. The federal government also helps. The National Defense Education Act allows school districts to get financial aid for certain purposes. The Elementary and Secondary E
32、ducation Act of 1965 added many other kinds of financial help. But neither the state nor the federal government dictates school policy. This is determined by local school boards. 41 Which of the following law is related to education? （ A） The National Defense Education Act. （ B） The Elementary and S
33、econdary Education Act. （ C） The Independence Act. （ D） Both A and B. 42 How did the state control education? （ A） By setting up certain standard and rules. （ B） By requesting the children to go to schools until they are of certain age. （ C） Either A or B. （ D） Both A and B. 43 How did they preserve
34、 the freedom of the schools from political pressure? （ A） By uniting all the schools into a union. （ B） By having the federal administration. （ C） By having separate and independent control. （ D） By cooperating with the state government. 44 People favor the independence of school for the reason that
35、_. （ A） people believe that it will ensure the existence of freedom （ B） people believe that it will deprive the school of the financial aid （ C） local government can rid itself from the financial burden （ D） state government is not willing to exert its effort on it 45 The school district is likely
36、to be all of the following EXCEPT_. （ A） larger than city district （ B） larger than the state district （ C） the same as the city district （ D） Both A and C 45 Karen Rusa was a 30-year-old woman and the mother of four children. For the past several months Karen had been experiencing repetitive though
37、ts that centered around her children s safety. She frequently found herself imagining that a serious accident had occurred; she was unable to put these thoughts out of her mind. On one such occasion she imagined that her son, Alan, had broken his leg playing football at school. There was no reason t
38、o believe that an accident had occurred, but she kept thinking about the possibility until she finally called the school to see if Alan was all right. Even after receiving their assurance that he had not been hurt, she described herself as being somewhat surprised when he later arrived home unharmed
39、. Karen also noted that her daily routine was seriously hampered by an extensive series of counting work that she performed throughout each day. Specific numbers had come to have a special meaning to her; she found that her preoccupation with these numbers was hampering her ability to perform everyd
40、ay activities. One example was grocery shopping. Karen believed that if she selected the first item on the shelf, something terrible would happen to her oldest child. If she selected the second item, some unknown disaster would fall on her second child, and so on for the four children. Karen s preoc
41、cupation with numbers extended to other activities, most notable the pattern in which she smoked cigarettes and drank coffee. If she had one cigarette; she believed that she had to smoke at least four in a row, or one of her children would be harmed in some way. If she drank one cup of coffee, she f
42、elt compelled to drink four. Karen acknowledged the unreasonableness of these rules, but, nevertheless, maintained that she felt more comfortable. When she observed them earnestly, when she was occasionally in too great a hurry to observe these rules, she experienced considerable anxiety, in the for
43、m of a subjective feeling of dread and fear. She described herself as tense, uneasy, and unable to relax during these periods. The occurrence of rarely minor accidents does not reduce her belief that she had been directly responsible because of her inability to observe the rules about number. 46 The
44、 main idea of this passage is to_. （ A） describe a woman who suffered from a psychological disease （ B） warn the readers against any imagination （ C） explain the reason why Karen had such fanciful thoughts （ D） present a case for the readers to study 47 Which of the following statements, if true, co
45、uld most probably cure Karen of the illness? （ A） Her children were all right. （ B） She had a job having little to do with numbers. （ C） She went to a psychoanalyst. （ D） She gave up smoking and drinking coffee. 48 What does the underlined word preoccupation mean? （ A） The first right to occupy some
46、thing. （ B） The first impression. （ C） The extreme focus of attention. （ D） The question. 49 Which of the following inferences is most probably NOT true according to the passage? （ A） When Karen was in a great hurry to smoke, she would feel much anxiety. （ B） If she selected the fourth item on the s
47、helf in a group, the fourth child must experience some unknown disaster. （ C） Drinking four cups of coffee would make Karen more comfortable than drinking two cups. （ D） Karen was a mother of four sons. 50 The author cited the example of the grocery shopping to_. （ A） demonstrate her children s safe
48、ty was closely related to the item she selected in the store （ B） account for Karen s inability to perform everyday activities （ C） show how specific numbers were related to the safety of her children （ D） further explain that Karen was suffering from a psychological illness Part C 50 The time for s
49、harpening pencils, arranging your desk, and doing almost anything else instead of writing has ended. The first draft will appear on the page only if you stop avoiding the inevitable and sit, stand up, or lie down to write.【 K1】 _. Be flexible. Your outline should smoothly conduct you from one point to the next, but do not permit it to railroad you. If a relevant and important idea occurs to you now, work it into the dr
