1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 318及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twi
2、ce. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 PART C Directions: You will he
3、ar three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear eac
4、h piece ONLY ONCE. 11 What are the two speakers talking about? （ A） The benefits of nuclear weapons. （ B） The environmental pollution caused by nuclear-powered stations. （ C） The disadvantages of used fuel. （ D） The advantages of nuclear-powered stations. 12 Where is the used fuel disposed of? （ A）
5、The United Nations Atomic Energy Authority. （ B） The United Kingdom Atomic Energy Organization. （ C） The United States Atomic Energy Authority. （ D） The United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority. 13 Which is NOT the advantage of the nuclear stations? （ A） The nuclear stations are safer than the coal-fi
6、red stations. （ B） The cost of building the nuclear stations is more than that of the coal-fired stations. （ C） The cheaper running of the nuclear stations can offset its great construction. （ D） The nuclear stations are much cleaner than the conventional ones. 14 How does a whale keep itself warm?
7、（ A） By its thick layer of fat under its skin. （ B） By moving frequently in the water. （ C） By adjusting its blood temperature. （ D） By taking in hot air. 15 What do we learn about the blood temperature of a whale? （ A） Grows colder as the blubber accumulates. （ B） Remains the same. （ C） Varies acco
8、rding to the water temperature. （ D） Grows warmer as the whale grows older. 16 In what way do whales distinguish themselves from other land mammals? （ A） They have very few hairs on their bodies. （ B） They bear their young rather than laying eggs. （ C） Their lungs are full of hot air and water. （ D）
9、 They can walk on their hind legs on land. 17 What hasnt Devorah Day involved in? （ A） Madrigals. （ B） Folk. （ C） Rock. （ D） Opera. 18 What is Devorah Day going to sing in future? （ A） Continue to sing jazz. （ B） Transfer to opera. （ C） Whatever songs she is offered. （ D） She is not sure. 19 How is
10、her family? （ A） It doesnt have any musical background. （ B） It has many musicians. （ C） They pay much attention to Days work. （ D） They didnt care about Day at all. 20 Which statement is true about Devorah Day? （ A） She starts singing as a jazz singer. （ B） The session for the album was done in 199
11、9. （ C） Her family supports her work very much. （ D） She has faith in herself despite opposition of people around. Part A 20 What are the zebra stripes on the tomato soup cans and potato chip bags? They are special black and white vertical lines. These black and white【 B1】 _can be read by an optical
12、 scanner, or computer. The “scanner,“ which【 B2】 _the lines of code, is a small laser beam of light. When the light ray is broken by the black stripes, the computer “reads“ the information about the product. This code is【 B3】 _the Universal Product Code (UPC). It is designed【 B4】_add speed and effic
13、iency to stores by using computers. It can do this in【 B5】_ ways. First, it is not necessary for workers to put individual prices on items.【 B6】_using UPC, the computer can print out the accurate price of the item. Errors in prices are eliminated, or done【 B7】 _with. Also, the time spent checking ou
14、t is reduced.【 B8】 _gives an itemized receipt to the customer【 B9】 _all the items, prices, and totals. The store clerk does not need to spend time checking the price on the item and punching it into the cash register. This UPC computerized system will probably save as【 B10】 _ as 45 percent of the ch
15、eckout clerk s time. What do the stripes mean? How does the computer interpret the stripes? The number【 B11】 _ below the vertical bars identifies the manufacturer and the manufacturer s item. As many as 10 trillion individual machine-readable numbers can be used with this system. In the example, the
16、 0 on the left side means that it is a grocery item. The【 B12】_51000 indicate the manufacturer. In this case it is the Campbell Soup Company. The【 B13】 _five digits, 00011, mean it is a can of tomato soup. The light rays from the light beam read these lines, and the message is sent directly to the c
17、omputer. The computer【 B14】 _ finds the information about this product (price, inventory data) and sends it instantly back to the terminal【 B15】 _the checkout counter. At the same time, it keeps an inventory for the store manager. Many products have labels with these stripes. 21 【 B1】 22 【 B2】 23 【
18、B3】 24 【 B4】 25 【 B5】 26 【 B6】 27 【 B7】 28 【 B8】 29 【 B9】 30 【 B10】 31 【 B11】 32 【 B12】 33 【 B13】 34 【 B14】 35 【 B15】 Part B Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 35 However important we may reg
19、ard school life to be, there is no denying the fact that children spend more time at home than in the classroom. Therefore, the great influence of parents cannot be ignored or discounted by the teacher. They can become strong allies of the school personnel or they can consciously or unconsciously hi
20、nder and obstruct curricular objectives. Administrators have been aware of the need to keep parents informed of the newer method used in schools. Many principals have conducted workshops explaining such matters as the reading readiness program, manuscript writing, and developmental mathematics. More
21、over, the classroom teacher, with the permission of the supervisors, can also play an important role in enlightening parents. The many interviews carried on during the year as well as new ways of reporting pupils progress, can significantly aid in achieving a harmonious interplay between school and
22、home. To illustrate, suppose that a father has been drilling Junior in arithmetic processes night after night. In a friendly interview, the teacher can help the parent convert his natural paternal interest into productive channels. He might be persuaded to let Junior participate in discussing the fa
23、mily budget, buying the food, using a yardstick or measuring cup at home, setting the clock, calculating mileage on a trip, and engaging in scores of other activities that have a mathematical basis. If the father follows the advice, it is reasonable to assume that he will soon realize his son is mak
24、ing satisfactory progress in mathematics and, at the same time, enjoying the work. Too often, however, teachers conferences with parents are devoted to petty accounts of childrens offences, complaints about laziness and poor work habits, and suggestions for penalties and rewards at home. What is nee
25、ded is a more creative approach in which the teacher, as a professional adviser, plants ideas in parents minds for the best utilization of the many hours that the child spends out of the classroom. In this way, the school and the home join forces in stimulating the fullest development of youngsters
26、capacities. 36 A method of parent-teacher communication NOT mentioned or referred to by the author is_. （ A） home training （ B） demonstration lesson （ C） parent-teacher interviews （ D） new progress report forms 37 It can be reasonably inferred that the author _. （ A） thinks that teachers of this gen
27、eration are inferior to those of the last generation （ B） is satisfied with present relationships between home and school （ C） feels that the traditional program in mathematics is slightly superior to the development program （ D） feels that parent-teacher interviews can be made much more constructiv
28、e than they are at present 38 The authors primary purpose in writing this passage is to_. （ A） improve the teaching of mathematics （ B） tell parents to pay more attention to the guidance of teachers in the matter （ C） help ensure that every child s capacities are fully developed when leaving school
29、（ D） urge the use of a much underused resource-the parent 39 The phrase “an important role in enlightening parents“ in the third paragraph most probably means an important role in_. （ A） causing parents to understand （ B） persuading parents （ C） understanding parents （ D） discussing with parents 40
30、The attitude of the author towards the role of parents is_. （ A） positive （ B） negative （ C） doubtful （ D） unclear 40 Often referred to as the heart of a factoring organization, the credit department is responsible for granting credit to clients customers and for collecting the accounts receivable p
31、urchased by the factor. When factored clients submit customer orders for credit approval, the credit department analyzes the financial condition and credit worthiness of the customer, and then makes a decision to approve or decline the order. The department must then monitor the condition of approve
32、d customers and collect all due receivables. Careful credit checking and effective collection procedures in this department can greatly reduce the risks inherent in factoring. As the head of the credit department, the credit manager is responsible for seeing that the department operates effectively.
33、 He must develop the factors credit policies in consultation with senior factoring associates, and he is in overall command of everything from credit and collections to bankruptcy and liquidations. If the factor is a commercial bank division, the credit manager is a banks vice president, and credit
34、policy must also be approved by top management of the bank. Assisting the credit manager may be several supervisors who have credit responsibilities of their own and who also oversee the analysis and approval of customer orders by the credit specialists. Credit supervisors typically spend about eigh
35、ty percent of their time handling large customer orders. If a customer order exceeds a supervisors credit authority, he is responsible for making recommendations to the credit manager. A supervisor also reviews a subordinates credit decision if the subordinate is unsure of the extent of the credit r
36、isk or if a client questions a particular credit decision. In extremely large credit exposures, supervisors bear the responsibility for analyzing the credit position of the customers and deciding on credit limits. To do this, they must regularly obtain current data from various credit information so
37、urces. They must also have extensive contact with each customer to determine operational performance and progress. Frequently, supervisors are called upon to give advice on what should be done to improve a companys financial condition. Meeting all these responsibilities requires that each supervisor
38、 continuously observe and study the industries with which he is concerned, so that he is capable of anticipating market changes which may affect his accounts. A supervisors major challenge is to maintain a fine balance between the demands of clients that all their customer orders be approved and the
39、 questionable financial position of some of the customers. In reviewing any credit decision, a supervisor must be capable of weighing a variety of elements, including the possibility of losing the client, the customers credit position, and the extent of any possible loss. 41 What is the main idea of
40、 the passage? （ A） The credit managers responsibility. （ B） The supervisors responsibility. （ C） The working procedures of a credit department. （ D） The command and control in the credit department. 42 Which of the following is NOT true? （ A） The credit policy can be a part of a commercial banks pol
41、icy. （ B） The credit policy rests only with the credit manager. （ C） The supervisors are the helping hands of the credit manager. （ D） A credit manager of the credit department is not necessarily a banks leading person. 43 By “a customer order“, the customer is most probably trying to get_. （ A） som
42、e goods from the factor （ B） some money from the factor （ C） some goods from the factor s client （ D） some money from the factors client 44 “Credit exposures“ probably means “_“. （ A） uncovered risks （ B） approved limits （ C） expected sums （ D） protected sources 45 The word “anticipating“ (Para. 4,
43、Sent. 5)can be safely replaced by “_“. （ A） bringing （ B） preventing （ C） protecting （ D） expecting 45 Bill Gates, the billionaire Microsoft chairman without a single earned university degree, is by his success raising new doubts about the worth of the business worlds favorite academic title: the MB
44、A (Master of Business Administration). The MBA, a 20th century product, always has borne the mark of lowly commerce and greed on the tree-lined campuses ruled by purer disciplines such as philosophy and literature. But even with the recession apparently cutting into the hiring of business school gra
45、duates, about 79,000 people were expected to receive MBAs in 1993. This is nearly 16 times the number of business graduates in 1960, a testimony to the widespread assumption that the MBA is vital for young men and women who want to run companies some day. “If you are going into the corporate world i
46、t is still a disadvantage not to have one,“ said Donald Morrison, professor of marketing and management science. “But in the last five years or so, when someone asks, Should I attempt to get an MBA? The answer a lot more is: It depends. “ The success of Bill Gates and other non-MBAs, such as the lat
47、e Sam Walton of Wal-Mart Stores Inc., has helped inspire self-conscious debates on business school campuses over the worth of a business degree and whether management skills can be taught. The Harvard Business Review printed a lively, fictional exchange of letters to dramatize complaints about busin
48、ess degree holders. The article called MBA hires “extremely disappointing“ and said “MBAs want to move up too fast, they dont understand politics and people, and they arent able to function as part of a team until their third year. But by then, theyre out looking for other jobs. “ The problem, most
49、participants in the debate acknowledge, is that the MBA has acquired an image of future riches and power far beyond its actual importance and usefulness. Enrollment in business schools exploded in the 1970s and 1980s and created the assumption that no one who pursued a business career could do without one. The growth was fueled by a drive against the anti-business values of the 1960s and by the womens movement. Business people who have
