1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 44及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twic
2、e. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 Franklin Roosevelt fell into the river when he and his family _. 2 Franklin caught_. 3 When he was sick in bed, he did exercises to make _. 4 He kept _. 5 Franklin Roosevelt told the Americans that the only thing we have to fear is _. PART B Dire
3、ctions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 The author reviewed his sons papers one night 7 Which grade was his son in? 8 How did the author
4、 feel when he saw one paper with a failing grade? 9 What was written at the top of the page? 10 The author took his son to the doctor because he had broken PART C Directions: You will hear three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questi
5、ons which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear each piece ONLY ONCE. 11 What is the possible relationship between the speakers? （ A） Mother and son. （ B） Father and
6、 daughter. （ C） Teacher and student. （ D） Husband and wife. 12 Which of the following is the thing they did in the past and are now still doing? （ A） Going to the cinema together. （ B） Watching television together. （ C） Going for a walk together. （ D） Quarreling together. 13 What will the woman do?
7、（ A） She will go to live with her parents. （ B） She will go to the cinema with her husband. （ C） She will go to the park alone. （ D） She will leave her husband for ever. 14 What is the dual function of advertisements? （ A） To sell and to inform. （ B） To increase prices and competition. （ C） To chang
8、e the means of selling and buying. （ D） To take away chances of choosing from customers. 15 What are some of the main features of advertisements mentioned in this passage? （ A） Toothpaste, shampoo and washing powder. （ B） Different brands of the same product. （ C） Performance, price, value for money
9、, quality he takes what he wants, including your life if you make him very angry. The main cause of this breakdown is a radical shift in attitudes. Thirty years ago, if a crime was committed, society was considered the victim. Now, in a shocking reversal, its the criminal who is considered victimize
10、d: by his underprivileged upbringing, by the school that didnt teach him to read, by the church that failed to teach him with moral guidance, by the parents who didnt provide a stable home. I dont believe it. Many others in equally disadvantaged circumstances choose not to engage in criminal activit
11、ies. If we free the criminal, even partly, from accountability, we become a society of endless excuses where no one accepts responsibility for anything. We desperately need more people who believe that the person who commits a crime is the one responsible for it. 41 What the wise man said suggests t
12、hat _. （ A） its unnecessary for good people to do anything in face of evil （ B） its certain that evil will prevail if good men do nothing about it （ C） its only natural for virtue to defeat evil （ D） its desirable for good men to keep away from evil 42 According to the author, if a person is found g
13、uilty of a crime, _. （ A） society is to be held responsible （ B） modern civilization is responsible for it （ C） the criminal himself should bear the blame （ D） the standards of living should be improved 43 Compared with those small towns, people in large cities have _. （ A） less serf-discipline （ B）
14、 better sense of discipline （ C） more mutual respect （ D） less effective government 44 The writer is sorry to have noticed that _. （ A） people in large cities tend to excuse criminals （ B） people in small towns stir stick to old discipline and standards （ C） todays society lacks sympathy for people
15、in difficulty （ D） people in disadvantaged circumstances are engaged in criminal activities 45 The key point of the passage is that _. （ A） stricter discipline should be maintained in schools and families （ B） more good examples should be set for people to follow （ C） more restrictions should be imp
16、osed on peoples behavior （ D） more people should accept the value of accountability 45 Will people ever tame the destructive, often deadly hurricane? Either scientists or meteorologists do not yet understand the forces that generate a hurricane, but perhaps with study and time they can learn to cont
17、rol these enormous storms. One important study project is called Hurricane Strike. This project studies the huge Storms that do harm to thousands of people and destroy property worth millions of dollars. Scientists in this project are trying to learn more about hurricanes, especially the speed and d
18、irection of the winds. Then people living in the path of a hurricane can protect themselves and their belongings. Dr. Robert Sheets, the chief forecaster at the National Hurricane Center in Miami, explained the importance of this information. “When we post a hurricane warning for a part of the coast
19、,“ he said, “people spend about $8,000 per mile in preparation. If the hurricane does not strike land where we announced or posted warnings, then that money is wasted. But, even worse, the next time we put out a warning, the people might not pay attention to us.“ That is the reason for Project Hurri
20、cane Striketo increase the accuracy of the forecast. They need to predict where the storm will be twenty-four hours later. One hurricane, named Belle, made forecasters feel trouble. At first it appeared to be headed for Florida, so warnings were posted. However, the storm stayed at sea. Next, warnin
21、gs were posted in Georgia and the Carolinas, but again it did not hit. In fact, Belle first hit the coast in New York. Millions and millions of dollars were spent on the preparation that was not needed. Dr. Sheets said, “We received hundreds of letters. People couldnt understand how science could se
22、nd people to the moon but not predict a storms path. However, we still cant tell. The only way to find out about hurricanes is from inside them.“ Prediction is what Project Hurricane Strike is about, and that is part of the challenge that faces meteorologists. The other part of the challenge is cont
23、rolling hurricanes. Meteorologists work inside a hurricane by “seeding“ the center “eye“ with silver iodide. The silver iodide causes raindrops to form and fall over the ocean. Taking the water out of the clouds reduces the energy of the storm. So, the rotation of the storm decreases. The wind veloc
24、ity also decreases. Meteorologists can sometimes use this method to bring a dangerous hurricane under control. Scientists have already seeded some hurricanes that were forming over the Atlantic Ocean. Some of these experiments were successful in decreasing wind speeds. 46 The two factors concerning
25、hurricanes that scientists most want to learn about are _. （ A） conditions in the “eye“ and conditions at the edge （ B） the forces that generate them and theft frequency （ C） the number of people injured and the amount of damage done （ D） how fast and where they move 47 Hurricane Belle was noteworth
26、y because _. （ A） it didnt follow the path predicted by forecasters （ B） it didnt move at the speed predicted by forecasters （ C） it killed more people than any other hurricanes （ D） it caused more damage than any other hurricanes 48 The phrase “ seeding the center eye “ means _. （ A） predicting a h
27、urricanes path and speed （ B） finding the place of origin of a hurricane （ C） scattering the center of a hurricane （ D） planting trees as wind-breaking in a hurricanes path 49 It can be seen from the passage that the two immediate goals of hurricane research are _. （ A） enough time and money （ B） pr
28、eparation and warnings （ C） prediction and control （ D） protecting people and their properties 50 According to Dr. Sheets, the main danger of an error in hurricane prediction is that _. （ A） seeding will prove to be a waste of time and money （ B） people wont pay attention to predictions in the futur
29、e （ C） money spent on preparation will be wasted （ D） a hurricane may hit an economic center like New York 50 What difference does it make if we read texts displayed on a computer screen instead of on paper printed with ink? The computer certainly does not secure deeper comprehension, greater subtle
30、ty of mind, or a wider range of imaginative reference. The mediation of a computer, however, put new powers at the disposal of intelligence. The computer itself can do simple readingas I have noted, it can “read“ an immense body of literature in search of designated words. As anyone knows who has ev
31、er spent days in libraries in search of errant information, simply identifying relevant sources absorbs inordinate amounts of time in research. The objection may be raised that a search of texts by computer may block the discoveries that occur while browsing in the stacks of great libraries. No memb
32、er of the academy need fear that the use of a computer will keep him from the stacks, but browsing is easier if texts can be called up on a screen in the serenity of ones chosen surroundings. The great deficiency of libraries, as we know, is that while titles are catalogued, the libraries have no ma
33、ster indexes of the contents of books. Individual volumes, it is true, have indexes, often of inferior quality, but even the best indexes must be examined ones at a time. The great ad vantage of the electronic library is that a computer could search and analyze its contents without proceeding volume
34、 by volume. As work in artificial intelligence develops, computer systems may also become adept at more complex tasks, such as summarizing texts, which has been finished experimentally. 51 What does the writer mainly talk about in this passage? （ A） The deficiencies of the library in providing infor
35、mation. （ B） The different applications of the computer and the library. （ C） The advantages and disadvantages of the computer and library. （ D） The advantages of the computer in search of information. 52 In the expression “an immense body of literature“, the word “literature“ is nearest in meaning
36、to _. （ A） specific information for a research （ B） printed material in general （ C） words that are designated （ D） fiction written by famous writers 53 The writer believes that reading by the computer is advisable chiefly because _. （ A） it saves a lot of time to find information needed （ B） it rea
37、ds more efficiently than a human mind （ C） it covers a much wider range of reference （ D） it guarantees reading efficiency and validity 54 According to the context, the “simple reading“ done by the computer mostly refers to _. （ A） reading in search of intended information only （ B） looking for unex
38、pected information only （ C） reading to locate texts to be used in teaching （ D） reading to set up superior master indexes 55 The writers attitude towards the use of a computer can be best described as _. （ A） conservative （ B） subjective （ C） uncertain （ D） favorable 55 Men have distinguished thems
39、elves from other animals, and in doing so secured their survival by the ability to observe and understand their environment and then either to adapt to that environment or to control and adapt it to their own needs. The process of careful observation, perception of a pattern in the phenomena observe
40、d, followed by use of this knowledge, has largely inspired the area of human activity known as “science“. It has also provided the basis for the traditional methodology of science. It includes objective observation, description of some phenomena, the statements of hypotheses(假说 ) about the events ob
41、served and possible relationships among them, the use of these to predict future events, the evidence of the hypotheses and the construction of a theory based on the evidence of the hypotheses. But the classic “scientific method“ has been criticized from a variety of points. To begin with, it is obv
42、ious that the “objectivity“ of science strictly characterizes only the lowest order of scientific activityobservation. Even here it is doubtful whether anyone can be a truly impartial observer of events. What someone chooses to observe and the way one observes it must, after all. in part be a reflec
43、tion of experience and of ideas as to what is important. Consider, for example, the different ways in which an artist and a layman look at a painting and the different reactions they have to the same work. The construction of hypotheses and theories reflects the scientists interpretation of what he
44、or she has observed even more clearly than observation. At this stage of the scientific method, an element of subjectivity is inevitably present. This can most easily be seen in the extreme case of scientists of truly creative genius. Galileo, for example, challenged the scientists of his day with h
45、is hypothesis that the earth revolved around the sun. A twentieth century example is Watson and Cricks discovery of the molecular structure of DNA. Obviously, science may involve not only careful observation but also a willingness to be creative. 56 Human beings differ from animals because they can
46、_. （ A） adapt to their environment （ B） control their environment （ C） adapt the environment to their need （ D） observe and understand their environment 57 This text indicates that the basic component of scientific research is _. （ A） observation （ B） hypothesis （ C） reasoning （ D） interpretation 58
47、 On the basis of their observations, scientists _. （ A） make more observations （ B） develop hypotheses and theories, （ C） reveal their observations to the public （ D） challenge their colleagues 59 What does the fourth paragraph imply? （ A） Its of significance to make different reactions to the same
48、things. （ B） Scientific research is unreliable owing to the different observations. （ C） People try their best to make impartial observation. （ D） The way of observation varies from person to person. 60 By using the example of Galileo, the author intends to reveal that _. （ A） objectivity is essenti
49、al to scientific research （ B） hypothesis is based on careful observation （ C） creativeness plays an important part in scientific research （ D） observation is the only factor determining scientific research Part D Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. 60 Do animals have fights? This is how the quest
