1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 49及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twic
2、e. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 The divorce rate in America has
3、 reached 7 In the 21st century, most Americans will marry three or four times 8 Alvin Toffler published a book named 9 The percentage of remarriage among divorced Americans is 10 One of die reasons for the change in American marriages is PART C Directions: You will hear three dialogues or monologues
4、. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear each piece ONLY ONCE. 11 Where does
5、 the money for free public schools come from? （ A） From the Federal government. （ B） From the state legislation. （ C） From taxes. （ D） From the parents of the school children. 12 At what age do most children start school? （ A） At 7. （ B） At 6. （ C） At 5. （ D） At 8. 13 How are college expenses of mos
6、t students paid? （ A） Their own earnings from part-time work. （ B） Scholarships from the schools, the government or private foundations. （ C） Taxes. （ D） Funds provided by states and cities. 14 What will be thought about mostly when one wants to find a job according to the dialogue? （ A） If the sala
7、ry is high or low. （ B） If the fringe benefits are good or bad. （ C） If the working place is far or near. （ D） If the job is suitable or not. 15 Why did Sally refuse to work at her aunties company? （ A） Because she wasnt satisfied with the job. （ B） Because she doesnt like her aunt. （ C） Because the
8、 job is boring. （ D） Because the company is far away from the place she lives. 16 From the dialogue, which company will Sally choose at last? （ A） Exco Imports Ltd. （ B） Inco Imports Ltd. （ C） Her aunties company. （ D） Erics company. 17 Whats the main topic of the monologue? （ A） Different animals y
9、awns. （ B） Humans yawn. （ C） Fishs yawn. （ D） Social animals yawns. 18 What is the speakers main point? （ A） Animals yawn for a number of reasons. （ B） Yawning results only from fatigue or boredom. （ C） Human yawns are the same as those of other animals. （ D） Only social animals yawn. 19 According t
10、o the speaker, when are hippos likely to yawn? （ A） When they are swimming. （ B） When they are quarreling. （ C） When they are socializing. （ D） When they are eating. 20 What physiological reason for yawning is mentioned? （ A） To exercise the jaw muscles. （ B） To eliminate fatigue. （ C） To get greate
11、r strength for attacking. （ D） To gain more oxygen. 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 According to government statistics, men of all social classes in Britain visit p
12、ubs quite often, 【 21】 _ the kind of pub they go to may be different and their reasons for going there 【 22】 _ , too. At present, they often take their wives or girlfriends, which 【 23】 _ to be the case. The fact is that the typical English pub is changing, not only 【 24】 _ the licensing laws not be
13、ing so strict as they 【 25】 _ , but also because publicans are trying to 【 26】 _ away with the old Victorian 【 27】 _ of the pub and 【 28】 _ provide couples with an atmosphere where they can both feel happy. Pubs used not to open 【 29】 _ at certain limes. The result was that they were usually 【 30】 _
14、 with men who seemed to be drinking as much as possible in the lime 【 31】 _ . But that kind of pub is quickly becoming a thing of the past. Curiously enough, the old British licensing laws, which foreigners found so objectionable and absurd, were 【 32】 _ introduced as a 【 33】 _ measure to stop worke
15、rs drinking in the World War I. 【 34】 _ , the strong puritanical 【 35】 _ in Parliament took 【 36】 _ of the law and 【 37】 _ it. Opening hours arc 【 38】 _ limited to eight hours a day, but publicans can now choose which hours 【 39】 _ them best. And nowadays you can even get a cup of coffee if you pref
16、er 【 40】 _ beer. But in spite of this the Puritans would never dream of admitting that a pub could become a repeatable place. 21 【 21】 （ A） and （ B） though （ C） when （ D） as 22 【 22】 （ A） disagree （ B） diverge （ C） vary （ D） deviate 23 【 23】 （ A） used not （ B） not used （ C） used （ D） is used 24 【 24
17、】 （ A） because （ B） because of （ C） as （ D） in that 25 【 25】 （ A） were （ B） are （ C） used （ D） had been 26 【 26】 （ A） take （ B） do （ C） keep （ D） go 27 【 27】 （ A） sight （ B） image （ C） appearance （ D） perception 28 【 28】 （ A） then （ B） instead （ C） further （ D） still 29 【 29】 （ A） except （ B） except
18、 for （ C） only （ D） only for 30 【 30】 （ A） covered （ B） crowded （ C） full （ D） plenty 31 【 31】 （ A） available （ B） proper （ C） probable （ D） accessible 32 【 32】 （ A） ordinarily （ B） generally （ C） originally （ D） formerly 33 【 33】 （ A） perpetual （ B） temporary （ C） uniform （ D） temperate 34 【 34】 （
19、A） Nevertheless （ B） However （ C） Afterwards （ D） Furthermore 35 【 35】 （ A） factor （ B） element （ C） component （ D） atom 36 【 36】 （ A） advantage （ B） profit （ C） use （ D） charge 37 【 37】 （ A） retained （ B） contained （ C） maintained （ D） protected 38 【 38】 （ A） even （ B） just （ C） but （ D） still 39 【
20、 39】 （ A） suit （ B） match （ C） meet （ D） agree 40 【 40】 （ A） against （ B） for （ C） with （ D） to Part B Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 40 Heroin addictions today is found chiefly among you
21、ng men of minority groups in ghetto (犹太人区 ) areas. Of the more than 60 000 known addicts, more than half live in New York State. Most of them live in New York City. Recent figures show that more than half of the addicts are under 30 years of age. Narcotic addiction in the United States is not limite
22、d to heroin users. Some middle-aged and older people who take narcotic drugs regularly to relieve pain can also become addicted. So do some people who can get drags easily, such as doctors, nurses, and pharmacists. Studies show that this type of addict has personality and emotional problems very sim
23、ilar to those of other regular narcotic users. Many addicts admit that getting a continued supply is the main object of their lives. An addicts concentration on getting drugs often prevents continuing an education or working at a job. His health is often poor. He may be sick one day from the effects
24、 of withdrawal and sick the next day from an overdose. Statistics show that an addicts life span may be shortened by 15 to 20 years. The addict is usually in trouble with the family and almost always in trouble with the law. Some studies suggest that many of the known narcotic addicts had some troub
25、le with the law before they became addicted. Once addicted, they may become even more involved with crime because it costs so much to support the heroin habit. Most authorities agree that the addicts involvement with crime is not a direct effect of the drug itself. Turning to crime is usually the on
26、ly way to get that much money. The addicts crimes are nearly always thefts or other crimes against property. Federal penalties for illegal narcotics usage were established under the Harris on Act of 1914. The Act provides that illegal possession of narcotics is punishable by fines and/or imprisonmen
27、t. Sentences can range from 2 to 10 years for the first offense, 5 to 20 years for the second, and 10 to 20 years for further offends. Illegal sale of narcotics can mean a fine of $ 20 000 and a sentence from 20 to 40 years for later offenses. A person who sells narcotics to someone under 18 is refu
28、sed parole and probation, even for the first offense. If the drug is heroin, he can be sentenced to life imprisonment or to death. 41 What is the topic of this passage? （ A） How to cure a drug addict. （ B） Heroin and narcotic. （ C） The harm of the drags and the anti-drug measures taken by the govern
29、ment. （ D） The American laws. 42 An addict cannot continue his education or work at a job, because of _. （ A） his concentration on getting drugs （ B） his personality （ C） his emotional problems （ D） his shortage of money 43 According to the author, how can the addicts get the money for drugs? （ A） B
30、y borrowing from their families. （ B） By hard working. （ C） In an illegal way. （ D） The author doesnt mention it. 44 According to the author, who can get narcotic easily? （ A） Government men. （ B） Medical workers. （ C） The minorities. （ D） The Jews. 45 A person who sells heroin to a kid can be _. （
31、A） fined $ 20000 （ B） sentenced to 5 to 20 years in prison （ C） sentenced to 20 to 40 years in prison （ D） sentenced to death 45 There are various ways in which individual economic units can interact with one another. Three basic ways may be described as the market system, the administered system an
32、d the traditional system. In a market system individual economic units are free to interact among each other in the market place. It is possible to buy commodities from other economic units or sell commodities to them. In a market, transactions may take place via barter or money exchange. In a barte
33、r economy, real goods such as automobiles, shoes, and pizzas are traded against each other. Obviously, finding somebody who wants to trade my old car in exchange for a sailboat may not always be an easy task. Hence, the introduction of money as a medium of exchange eases transactions considerably. I
34、n the modern market economy, goods and services are bought or sold for money. An alternative to the market system is administrative control by some agency over all transactions. This agency will issue edicts or commands as to how much of each goods and services should be produced, exchanged, and con
35、sumed by each economic unit. Central planning may be one way of administering such an economy. The central plan, drawn up by the government, shows the amounts of each commodity produced by the various firms and allocated to different households for consumption. This is an example of complete plannin
36、g of production, consumption, and exchange for the whole economy. In a traditional society, production and consumption patterns are governed by tradition: parentage, religion, and custom fix every persons place within the economic system. Transactions take place on the basis of tradition, too. Peopl
37、e belonging to a certain group or caste may have an obligation to care for other persons, provide them with food and shelter, care for their health, and provide for their education. Clearly, in a system where every decision is made on the basis of tradition alone, progress may be difficult to achiev
38、e. A stagnant society may result. 46 What is the main purpose of the passage? （ A） To outline contrasting types of economic systems. （ B） To explain the science of economics. （ C） To argue for the superiority of one economic system. （ D） To compare barter and money-exchange markets. 47 In the second
39、 paragraph, the word “real“ in “real goods“ could best be replaced by which of the following? （ A） High quality. （ B） Concrete. （ C） Utter. （ D） Authentic. 48 According to the passage, a barter economy can lead to _. （ A） rapid speed of transactions （ B） misunderstandings （ C） inflation （ D） difficu
40、lties for the traders 49 According to the passage, who has the greatest degree of control in an administered system? （ A） Individual. （ B） Small businesses. （ C） Major corporations. （ D） The government. 50 Which of the following is NOT mentioned by the author as a criterion for determining a persons
41、 place in a traditional society? （ A） Family background. （ B） Age. （ C） Religious belief. （ D） Custom. 50 Tornadoes, whirlwinds, and water-sprouts are rotating funnel cloud air masses of small diameters. They are differentiated by the intensities of their rotation and by the surfaces that they trave
42、rse. Though tornadoes and whirlwinds both travel over land masses, whirlwinds are atmospheric systems smaller than tornadoes. Water-sprouts are tornadoes that form or pass over a water surface. A tornado is a powerful vortex or “twister“ whose rotational speeds are estimated to be near 300 miles per
43、 hour. The first visible indication of tornado development is usually a funnel cloud. As this funnel dips earthward, it becomes darker because of the debris that is forced into its intensifying vortex. Some tornadoes give no visible warning until their destruction strikes the unsuspecting victim. To
44、rnadoes often occur in groups, and several twisters sometimes descend from the same cloud base. The forward speed of a tornado is normally 30 to 40 miles per hour. In the short time that it takes to pass, a tornado can cause fantastic destruction. There have been cases reported in which blades of st
45、raw were embeded in fence posts. 51 How are tornadoes distinguished from whirlwinds? （ A） Whirlwinds rotate in a different direction that tornadoes do. （ B） Tornadoes travel over land and whirlwinds over water. （ C） Tornadoes are larger than whirlwinds. （ D） Only tornadoes are funnel-shaped. 52 Why
46、do tornadoes appear to be dark? （ A） They occur only at night. （ B） They are funnel-shaped. （ C） They pick up debris from the ground. （ D） They are water-laden. 53 According to the passage, which of the following behaviors is frequently characteristic of funnel clouds? （ A） Descending from different
47、 cloud bases. （ B） Occurring in isolated areas. （ C） Lasting a long time. （ D） Occurring in groups. 54 According to the passage, some tornadoes take people unaware because they _. （ A） produce a sound similar to thunder （ B） cannot be seen until it is too late （ C） look so much like other clouds （ D
48、） carry so many large pieces of debris 55 The author refers to straw embeded in fence posts in order to show _. （ A） where tornadoes occur （ B） who makes reports about tornadoes （ C） when tornadoes take form （ D） how tornadoes affect physical objects 55 Every day, thousands of managers, bankers, sal
49、es-executives, lawyers, accountants, and other professionals are driven to anger and despair by the hard realities of the changing world of work. The once solid foundation for millions of middle-class families-the corporate career-is in a shambles. The Organization Man of the 1950s and 1960s is being replaced by the migrant manager and flee-lance professional of the 1990s. The pain of change is all around us. Corporations are rushing to c
