1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 56及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twic
2、e. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 The living room can also functi
3、on as 7 The rent does not include 8 What are disallowed in the building? 9 How long will it take if the woman walks to Highland Shopping Center from home? 10 The deposit is PART C Directions: You will hear three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read e
4、ach of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear each piece ONLY ONCE. 11 What is the topic of the mans research paper? （ A） Egypt today. （ B） Egypti
5、an ancient history. （ C） Egypt in 900-999. （ D） Travel in Egypt. 12 All books are cataloged according to （ A） the authors name. （ B） the subject matter. （ C） the publisher. （ D） the title. 13 How can the man find more information about a book? （ A） Checking the card catalogue. （ B） Looking for it in
6、 computers. （ C） Going to the section with number from 900-999. （ D） Asking for librarians help. 14 How many email messages did Americans send in 1999? （ A） 2.2 billion. （ B） 2.2 million （ C） 293 million. （ D） 293 billion. 15 What are often used in emails and instant messages? （ A） New words. （ B） P
7、ictures. （ C） Short forms. （ D） Capital letters. 16 What do people usually do when writing emails and instant messages? （ A） They often check their spelling. （ B） They think carefully about the grammar. （ C） They read the message several times before they send it. （ D） They write the first thing tha
8、t comes into their head. 17 What is necessary in a good resume? （ A） Your accomplishments. （ B） Your hobbies. （ C） Your family members. （ D） Your appearance. 18 How many percent of people who succeed in finding a job say networking was a big help? （ A） 19%. （ B） 6%. （ C） 80%. （ D） 94%. 19 Where can
9、one find a career counselor? （ A） In some large community. （ B） In most colleges or high schools （ C） In the companies that offer jobs. （ D） In school libraries. 20 What does the writer think of finding a job according to the talk? （ A） It may have lot of fun. （ B） Its a good opportunity for people
10、to know the society. （ C） Its one of the most difficult jobs. （ D） Its a challenge for peoples ability. 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 The ordeals (神判法 ) were appe
11、als the supernatural to determine the guilt or innocence of the accused. They were 【 21】 _ the Judicium Dei, judgment of God, or simply judicium. There is some 【 22】 _ of trial by ordeal in sixth century Frankish 【 23】 _ . The ordeals spread very rapidly 【 24】 _ Christianity spread to the east in Eu
12、rope and to England and Ireland. In the early Middle Ages it was widely used to 【 25】 _ legal questions in Western Europe. In England it was a 【 26】 _ form of trial and was 【 27】 _ until trial by jury become 【 28】 _ forms of the ordeal varied 【 29】 _ the nature of the crime. The greatest use of the
13、ordeals was from the ninth to the twelfth century. In the continent of Europe, ordeals, in 【 30】 _ to their use in 【 31】 _ person accused of crime, were used for political purposes e. g. , by a claimant to a kingship of land to prove he was 【 32】 _ to the land, by women who were willing to undergo o
14、rdeals to disprove accusations of infidelity, and to determine who owned certain lands. In England, 【 33】 _ . ordeals were used only in criminal 【 34】 _ . Criticism of ordeals was 【 35】 _ as early as the ninth century. By the twelfth century criticism had become general. It was 【 36】 _ that ordeals
15、did not necessarily give the correct answer even 【 37】 _ the answer came from God. This was 【 38】 _ on the idea that God may wish to punish an innocent person not for the 【 39】 _ alleged but for some other offense not known to anyone 【 40】_ the accused. Therefore, God may consider those accused peop
16、le to be entitled to anther chance. 21 【 21】 （ A） presented （ B） called （ C） known （ D） titled 22 【 22】 （ A） mention （ B） reference （ C） evidence （ D） idea 23 【 23】 （ A） memories （ B） bookshelves （ C） newspapers （ D） records 24 【 24】 （ A） what （ B） why （ C） as （ D） whether 25 【 25】 （ A） settle （ B）
17、assign （ C） sentence （ D） regulate 26 【 26】 （ A） rigid （ B） regular （ C） special （ D） fair 27 【 27】 （ A） preserved （ B） insisted （ C） persisted （ D） extended 28 【 28】 （ A） normal （ B） constant （ C） common （ D） durable 29 【 29】 （ A） under （ B） through （ C） over （ D） with 30 【 30】 （ A） accordance （ B）
18、 addition （ C） alliance （ D） consequence 31 【 31】 （ A） trying （ B） condemning （ C） pronouncing （ D） delivering 32 【 32】 （ A） engaged （ B） donated （ C） entitled （ D） devoted 33 【 33】 （ A） but （ B） therefore （ C） however （ D） also 34 【 34】 （ A） conditions （ B） situations （ C） cases （ D） states 35 【 35
19、】 （ A） adopted （ B） expressed （ C） proposed （ D） executed 36 【 36】 （ A） associated （ B） advanced （ C） reasoned （ D） attributed 37 【 37】 （ A） if （ B） though （ C） so （ D） since 38 【 38】 （ A） fixed （ B） set （ C） founded （ D） based 39 【 39】 （ A） truth （ B） thought （ C） authority （ D） crime 40 【 40】 （ A）
20、 besides （ B） upon （ C） into （ D） except Part B Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 40 In our lifetime, we should suffer from a lot of hardship, setback and misery. Perhaps no body could free
21、from these unhappy things. Accidents and illnesses are unhappy things to talk about, but no one can expect to live a lifetime without having some kind of accident or becoming ill. Some accidents and illnesses are serious and may result in long periods of invalidism. The newspapers contain spectacula
22、r accounts of accidents in the street and highways and public places, but nearly as many accidents occur around the home. Somebody trips on a rug. Somebody falls off a stepladder. Somebody is careless in cooking dinner, and is burned. Accidents incurred in the playing of sports and swimming also acc
23、ounts for a large number of injuries, big and little. Despite constant campaigns to reduce the number of accidents, there are still approximately 100,000 accidental deaths and nearly 9,000,000 non-fatal injuries in the United States each year. In has been estimated that around 3,000,000 people are c
24、onstantly ill in the United States throughout the year and that over half the illness is caused by respiratory diseases, chiefly colds and influenza. The pain and suffering caused by accidents and illness tell only half the story. Loss of time from school and work and medical and hospital expenses o
25、ften make the pain seem worse. Money spent in this country for doctors, services, hospitalization, nursing care, drugs, medicines, X-rays, and special treatments, amounts to a huge annual sum. Added to this expense is another much larger amount that is lost to wage earners throughout the nation by r
26、eason of their loss of wages or income while sick or otherwise disabled. Accident and health insurance is a form of insurance devised to protect against these economic losses. It protects the earnings of wage earners and finishes financial aid to the family of the breadwinner by the payment of his d
27、octor and hospital bills. Today, business and professional men, farmers, industrial workers, clerks, and those engaged in various occupations, whose earning power is shut off for a week, a month, or sometimes years, because of accidents or illness can insure themselves against this financial loss by
28、 accident and health insurance. Protection is available to all types of workers and the cost (called the premium) ranges from a few cents a day for small or limited policies to a month for policies paying larger amounts (called indemnities). Policy is another name for an insurance contract. Most acc
29、idents and health policies are cancelable policies-that is, they are sold for a definite term such as a week, a month, or a year, similar to contracts of fire insurance and automobile liability insurance. There are, however, policies which cannot be canceled or terminated by the insurance company un
30、til the policyholder reaches an age at which he usually has no further earning power-most often at sixty or sixty-five years. These non-cancelable policies cost more than the cancelable policies. 41 What is the passage mainly concerned about? （ A） Everyone will have some sort of illness or accident.
31、 （ B） Accident and health insurance is available to everyone. （ C） Insurance is a good protection against accidents and illness. （ D） Cancelable insurance policies are better than non-cancelable one. 42 Every year in the united States there are_. （ A） more people injured in accidents than those who
32、are constantly ill （ B） more people die in accidents than of illness （ C） more people who are ill than those injured in accidents （ D） more outdoor accidents than indoor accidents 43 The heaviest pain and suffering caused by accidents and illness are_. （ A） colds and influenza （ B） loss of time （ C）
33、 financial losses （ D） invalidism 44 Accident and health insurance will protect people by_. （ A） paying their wages （ B） covering their medical expenditure （ C） restoring their earning power （ D） providing policyholders with the money they need to survive 45 The main difference between cancelable in
34、surance policies and non-cancelable policies is_. （ A） the cost （ B） limitations （ C） valid term （ D） policyholders age 45 Biologically, there is only one quality which distinguishes us from animals: the ability to laugh. In a universe which appears to be utterly devoid of humor, we enjoy this supre
35、me luxury. And it is a luxury, for unlike any other bodily process, laughter does not seem to serve a biologically useful purpose. In a divided world, laughter is a unifying force. Human beings oppose each other on a great many issues. Nations may disagree about systems of government and human relat
36、ions may be plagued by ideological factions and political camps, but we all share the ability to laugh. And laughter, in turn, depends on that most complex and subtle of all human qualities: a sense of humor. Certain comic stereotypes have a universal appeal. This can best be seen from the world-wid
37、e popularity of Charlie Chaplins early films. The little man at odds with society never fails to amuse no matter which country we come from. As that great commentator on human affairs, Dr. Samuel Johnson, once remarked, “Men have been wise in very different modes; but they have always laughed in the
38、 same way.“ A sense of humor may take various forms and laughter may be anything from a relined tinkle to an earth quaking roar, but the effect is always the same. Humor helps us to maintain a correct sense of values. It is the one quality which political fanatics appear to lack. If we can see the f
39、unny side, we never make the mistake of taking ourselves too seriously. We are always reminded that tragedy is not really far removed from comedy, so we never get a lopsided view of things. This is one of the chief functions of satire and irony. Human pain and suffering are so grim; we hover so ofte
40、n on the brink of war; political realities are usually enough to plunge us into total despair. In such circumstances, cartoons and satirical accounts of somber political e vents redress the balance. They take the wind out of pompous and arrogant politicians who have lost their sense of proportion. T
41、hey enable us to see that many of our most profound actions are merely comic or absurd. We laugh when a great satirist like Swift writes about war in Gullivers Travels. The Lilliputians and their neighbors attack each other because they cant agree which end to break an egg. We laugh because we are m
42、eant to laugh; but we are meant to weep too. It is no wonder that in totalitarian regimes any satire against the establishment is wholly banned. It is too powerful a weapon to be allowed to flourish in totalitarian regimes. The sense of humor must be singled out as mans most important quality becaus
43、e it is associated with laughter. And laughter, in turn, is associated with happiness. Courage, determination, initiative-these are qualities we share with other forms of life. But the sense of humor is uniquely human. If happiness is one of the great goals of life, then it is the sense of humor tha
44、t provides the key. 46 The most important of all human qualities is_. （ A） a sense of humor （ B） a sense of satire （ C） a sense of laughter （ D） a sense of history 47 The author mentions about Charlie Chaplins early films because_. （ A） they can amuse people （ B） human beings are different from anim
45、als （ C） they show that certain comic stereotypes have a universal appeal （ D） they show that people have the same ability to laugh 48 One of the chief functions of irony and satire is_. （ A） to show absurdity of actions （ B） to redress balance （ C） to take the wind out of politicians （ D） to show t
46、oo much grimness in the world 49 What do we learn from the sentence “it is too powerful a weapon to be allowed to flourish in totalitarian regimes?“ （ A） It can reveal the truth of political events with satire. （ B） It can arouse people to riot. （ C） It shows that tragedy and comedy are related. （ D
47、） It can make people laugh. 50 Who is Swift? （ A） A novelist. （ B） A poet. （ C） A dramatist. （ D） An essayist. 50 What does a firm depend on if it wants to develop and not to be thrown out of the markets? You may say the firm should have some advantages of its own to stand still in the fierce compet
48、itive battle field of the commerce. And this is quite true. If sustainable competitive advantage depends on work force skills, American firms have a problem. Human resource management is not traditionally seen as the centre to the competitive survival of the firm in the United States. Skill acquisit
49、ion is considered an individual responsibility. Labor is simply another factor of production to be hired/rented at the lowest possible cost-must as one buys raw materials or equipment. The lack of importance attached to human resource management can be seen in the corporate pecking order. In an American firm the chief financial officer is almost always second in command. The post of head of human resource management is usually a spec
