1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 57及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twic
2、e. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 When did the man be robbed? 7 H
3、ow tall was the robber? 8 The colour of the robbers sweater was 9 The robber was probably in his or her 10 The robbers nickname was PART C Directions: You will hear three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it.
4、While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear each piece ONLY ONCE. 11 What course are the speakers talking about? （ A） Childrens literature. （ B） Elementary education. （ C） Psychology. （
5、 D） Developmental. psychology. 12 Which of the following is true about Dr. Zuss? （ A） He is a writer of childrens stories. （ B） He is a psychology professor. （ C） He is Theodore Zuss Giseles friend. （ D） He is a character in the book The Cat and the Hat. 13 The book The Cat and the Hat （ A） tells a
6、boring story. （ B） has a controlled vocabulary. （ C） is a popular book. （ D） is for both children and adults. 14 What is the major way for a lawyer to learn law? （ A） Going to the court. （ B） Practicing law. （ C） Trying cases in court. （ D） Reading books. 15 What ability is necessary to a good lawye
7、r? （ A） The power to use books. （ B） The power to think deeply. （ C） The power to argue with people. （ D） The power to understand law. 16 The purpose for a lawyer to study law is （ A） to recite it. （ B） to get a good job. （ C） to use it. （ D） to teach others. 17 Who was Frank Wright? （ A） A builder.
8、 （ B） An architect. （ C） An art critic. （ D） An archaeologist. 18 How long did he live? （ A） To the age of 90. （ B） To the age of 80. （ C） To the age of 70. （ D） To the age of 60. 19 Where did he learn how to design buildings? （ A） By taking a special course at a college. （ B） By working in an archi
9、tects office. （ C） His father taught him how to do so. （ D） His brother taught him how to do so. 20 What did other people learn from him? （ A） How to paint pictures. （ B） How to appreciate art. （ C） How to design square buildings. （ D） How to design buildings to match the surroundings. 一、 Section II
10、 Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 Proper street behavior in the United States requires a nice balance of attention and inattention. You are supposed to look at a 【 21】 _ just enou
11、gh to show that you are 【 22】 _ of his presence. If you look too little, you appear proud, 【 23】_ much and you are curious. Usually what happens is that people 【 24】 _ each other until they are about eight feet 【 25】 _ , at which point both cast down their eyes. Sociologist Erring Goffman 【 26】 _ th
12、is as “a king of dimming of lights“. Much of eye behavior is so 【 27】 _ that we react to it only on the intuitive level. The next time you have a 【 28】 _ with someone makes you feel liked, notice what he does with his eyes. 【 29】 _ are he looks at you more often than is usual with 【 30】 _ a little l
13、onger than the normal. You interpret this as a sign - a polite one - 【 31】 _ he is interested in you as a person 【 32】 _ than just in the topic of conversation. Probably you also feel that he is both 【 33】 _ and sincere. All this has been demonstrated in elaborate 【 34】 _ . Subjects sit and talk in
14、the psychologists laboratory, 【 35】 _ of the fact that their eye behavior is being 【 36】 _ from a one-way vision screen. In one fairly typical experiment, 【 37】_ were induced to cheat while performing a task, then were 【 38】 _ and observed. It was found that those who had 【 39】 _ met the interviewer
15、s eyes less often than was 【 40】 _ , an indication that “shifty eyes“ - to use the mystery writers stock phrase - can actually be a tip-off to an attempt to deceive or to feelings of guilt. 21 【 21】 （ A） friend （ B） foreigner （ C） passerby （ D） stranger 22 【 22】 （ A） aware （ B） curious （ C） ignorant
16、 （ D） uneasy 23 【 23】 （ A） better （ B） so （ C） too （ D） far 24 【 24】 （ A） peep （ B） stare （ C） gaze （ D） eye 25 【 25】 （ A） away （ B） apart （ C） alike （ D） already 26 【 26】 （ A） demonstrates （ B） describes （ C） deduces （ D） designs 27 【 27】 （ A） vague （ B） obscure （ C） subtle （ D） uncertain 28 【 28】
17、（ A） discussion （ B） communication （ C） greeting （ D） conversation 29 【 29】 （ A） Chances （ B） Possibilities （ C） Opportunities （ D） Expectations 30 【 30】 （ A） glances （ B） touches （ C） talks （ D） sights 31 【 31】 （ A） why （ B） which （ C） when （ D） that 32 【 32】 （ A） other （ B） rather （ C） better （ D）
18、 less 33 【 33】 （ A） self-confident （ B） self-conscious （ C） self-contented （ D） self-centered 34 【 34】 （ A） surveys （ B） observations （ C） experiments （ D） interviews 35 【 35】 （ A） conscious （ B） innocent （ C） suspicious （ D） indifferent 36 【 36】 （ A） noticed （ B） analyzed （ C） interpreted （ D） obse
19、rved 37 【 37】 （ A） interviewers （ B） applicants （ C） subjects （ D） psychologists 38 【 38】 （ A） inquired （ B） interviewed （ C） investigated （ D） interfered 39 【 39】 （ A） induced （ B） cheated （ C） distracted （ D） realized 40 【 40】 （ A） common （ B） average （ C） ordinary （ D） normal Part B Directions: R
20、ead the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 40 From the health point of view we are living in a marvelous age. We are immunized from birth against many of the most dangerous diseases. A large number of once fatal
21、illnesses can now be cured by modern drugs and surgery. It is almost certain that one day remedies will be found for the most stubborn remaining diseases. The expectation of life has increased enormously. Though the possibility of living a long and happy life is greater than ever before, every day w
22、e witness the incredible slaughter of men, women and children on the roads. Man versus the motorcar I It is a never-ending battle which man is losing. Thousands of people in the world are killed or horribly killed each year and we are quietly sitting back and letting it happen. It has been rightly s
23、aid that when a man is sitting behind a steering wheel, his car becomes the extension of his personality. There is no doubt that the motorcar often brings out a mans very worst qualifies. People who are normally quiet and pleasant may become unrecognizable when they are behind a steering-wheel. They
24、 swear, they are ill-mannered and aggressive, willful as two-years-olds and utterly selfish. All their hidden frustrations, disappointments and jealousies seem to be brought to the surface by the act of driving. The surprising thing is that society smiles so benignly on the motorist and seems to con
25、 done his behavior. Everything is done for his convenience. Cities are allowed to become almost uninhabitable because of heavy traffic; towns are made ugly by huge car parks; the countryside is desecrated by road networks; and the mass annual slaughter becomes nothing more than a statistic, to be co
26、nveniently forgotten. It is high time a world code was created to reduce this senseless waste of human life. With regard to driving, the laws of some countries are notoriously lax and even the strictest axe not strict enough. A code which was universally accepted could only have a dramatically benef
27、icial effect on the accident rate. Here are a few examples of some of the things that might be done. The driving test should be standardized and made far more difficult than it is; all the drivers should be made to take a test every three years or so; the age at which young people are al lowed to dr
28、ive any vehicle should be raised to at least 21; all vehicles should be put through stringent annual tests for safety. Even the smallest amount of alcohol in the blood can impair a persons driving ability. Present drinking and driving laws (where they exist) should be made much stricter. Maximum and
29、 minimum speed limits should be imposed on all roads. Governments should lay down safety specifications for manufacturers, as has been done in the USA. All advertising stressing power and performance should be banned. These measures may sound inordinately harsh. But surely nothing should be consider
30、ed as too severe if it results in reducing the annual toll of human life. After all, the world is for human beings, not motor-cars. 41 The man idea of this passage is_. （ A） traffic accidents are mainly caused by motorists. （ B） thousands of people in the world are killed each year. （ C） the laws of
31、 some countries about driving are too lax. （ D） only stricter traffic laws can prevent accidents. 42 What does the author think of society toward motorists? （ A） Society smiles on the motorists. （ B） Huge car parks are built in the cities and towns. （ C） Victims of accidents are nothing. （ D） Societ
32、y condones their rude driving. 43 Why does the author say “his car becomes the extension of his personality“ ? （ A） Driving can show his real self. （ B） Driving can show the other part of his personality （ C） Driving can bring out his character. （ D） His car embodies his temper. 44 Which of the foll
33、owings is NOT mentioned as a way against traffic accidents? （ A） Build more highways. （ B） Stricter driving tests. （ C） Test drivers every three years. （ D） Raise age limit and lay down safety specifications. 45 The attitude of the author is_. （ A） ironical （ B） critical （ C） appealing （ D） militant
34、 45 We have often heard people, especially the elderly say that “I said this from experiences, or I did it from my own experiences.“ And also in our society we value the experiences and regard them as precious things, and we respect the experienced persons. We often consult them, and ask for help fr
35、om them. But have you ever thought why experience is so valuable? According to the psychologists, that experiences influence subsequent behaviour is evidence of an obvious but nevertheless remarkable activity called remembering. Learning could not occur with out the function popularly named memory.
36、Constant practice has such an effect on memory as to lead to skillful performance on the piano, to recitation of a poem, and even to reading and understanding these words. So called intelligent behaviour demands memory, remembering being a primary requirement for reasoning. The ability to solve any
37、problem or even to recognize that a problem exists depends on memory. Typically, the decision to cross a street is based on remembering many earlier experiences. Practice (or review) tends to build and maintain memory for a task or for any learned material. Over a period of no practice what has been
38、 learned tends to be forgotten; and the adaptive consequences may not seem obvious. Yet, dramatic instances of sudden forgetting can be seen to be adaptive. In this sense, the ability to forget can be interpreted to have survived through a process of natural selection in animals. Indeed, when ones m
39、emory of an emotionally painful experience leads to serious anxiety, forgetting may produce relief. Nevertheless, an evolutionary interpretation might make it difficult to understand how the commonly gradual process of forgetting survived natural selection. In thinking about the evolution of memory
40、together with all its possible aspects, it is helpful to consider what would happen if memories failed to fade. Forgetting clearly aids orientation in time, since old memories weaken and the new tend to stand out, providing clues for inferring duration. Without forgetting, adaptive ability would suf
41、fer; for example, learned behaviour that might have been correct a decade ago may no longer be. Cases are recorded of people who (by ordinary standards) forgot so little that their everyday activities were full of confusion. Thus forgetting seems to serve the survival of the individual and the speci
42、es. Another line of thought assumes a memory storage system of limited capacity that provides adaptive flexibility specifically through forgetting. In this view, continual adjustments are made between learning or memory storage (input) and forgetting (output). Indeed, there is evidence that the rate
43、 at which individuals forget is directly related to how much they have learn ed. Such data offer gross support of contemporary models of memory that assume an input-out- put balance. 46 From the evolutionary point of view,_. （ A） forgetting for lack of practice tends to be obviously in adaptive （ B）
44、 if a person is very forgetful he must be very adaptive （ C） the gradual process of forgetting is an indication of an individuals adaptability （ D） sudden forgetting may bring about adaptive consequences 47 According to the text, if a person never forgot,_. （ A） he would survive best （ B） he would h
45、ave a lot of trouble （ C） his ability to learn would be enhanced （ D） the evolution of memory would stop 48 Which is the proper explanation of the word “fade“ ( Line 2, Para. 3 )? （ A） Disappear. （ B） Decrease. （ C） Demonstrate. （ D） Declare. 49 From the last paragraph we know that_. （ A） forgetfuln
46、ess is a response to learning （ B） the memory storage system is an exactly balanced input-output system （ C） memory is a compensation for forgetting （ D） the capacity of a memory storage system is limited because forgetting occurs 50 In this article, the author tries to interpret the function of_. （
47、 A） remembering （ B） forgetting （ C） adapting （ D） experiencing 50 Human societies have experienced so many wars, but have you ever thought about what a war really is? War may be a natural expression of biological instincts and drives toward aggression in the human species. Natural impulses of anger
48、 hostility and territoriality are expressed through acts of violence. These are all qualities that humans share with animals. Aggression is a kind of innate survival mechanism or an instinct for self-preservation that allows animals to defend themselves from threats to their existence. But on the ot
49、her hand human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior. In the case of human aggression violence cannot be simply reduced to an instinct. The many expressions of human violence are always conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior. In human societies violence has a social function. It is a strategy for creating or destroying forms of social order. Religions have taken a leading role in directing
