1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 68及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twic
2、e. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 The writer think that the worst time to go into the street is when_. 2 Japanese trains leave and arrive_. 3 In Tokyo trains, every Japanese sitting in the seat_. 4 From the writers observation, we can see that fires break out_. 5 The writer hates
3、 Tokyo because the city is_. PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 What can dreaming help people to do? 7 How long do peopl
4、e usually dream during 8 hour sleep? 8 What is the cause of dreams in which you are being chased? 9 Why do some people dream about money? 10 What were they talking about at the end of the dialogue? PART C Directions: You will hear three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will
5、 have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear each piece ONLY ONCE. 11 What is the meaning of “Skating on thin ice“? （ A）
6、 One may be doing something quite difficult. （ B） One may be doing something quite risky. （ C） One may be doing something quite annoying. （ D） One may be doing something impossible. 12 When somebody told you that you will “cut no ice“ with him, what did he mean? （ A） You will not persuade him. （ B）
7、You are getting nowhere with him. （ C） You cannot sell your ice to him. （ D） You should not waste time cutting ice with him. 13 When the game is really over, which idiom can we use? （ A） The game is on ice. （ B） Skating on thin ice. （ C） To cut no ice. （ D） To break the ice. 14 According to the woma
8、n, how much money should people save for themselves? （ A） 3 6 months of monthly salary （ B） 13% of salary （ C） 10 （ D） Not mentioned 15 Whats the biggest mistake people make? （ A） They do not think 10 is a large sum of money. （ B） They sacrifice movie, beer for bank deposit. （ C） They seldom have fi
9、xed deposit. （ D） They tend to live from paycheck to paycheck. 16 What does “Pay yourself first“ refer to? （ A） Take more education and make yourself promoted quickly. （ B） When you get your paycheck, save some portion of it. （ C） Lend money from bank when you want to prepare for the future. （ D） Ac
10、cumulate money by all means. 17 What does Professor Morgan do? （ A） He is a film director of Science Fiction. （ B） He is a writer of Science Fiction. （ C） He is a scientist who researches on how to freeze a body and bring it back to life later. （ D） He is a doctor who treats terminal illnesses. 18 A
11、ccording to Professor Morgan, what enables animals to freeze themselves? （ A） A certain chemical in their bodies. （ B） The change of certain circumstances around them. （ C） A certain temperature. （ D） A certain season in the year. 19 How long will Professor Morgan be able to freeze human beings for
12、as long or as short a time as he would like to? （ A） About ten years. （ B） About two years. （ C） About twenty years. （ D） About thirteen years. 20 What is true about the application of Professor Morgans research? （ A） It can be used to prolong everyones life. （ B） It can help find cures for terminal
13、 illnesses. （ C） It can cure cancer and Aids. （ D） It can help freeze people with terminal illnesses and bring them back to life when the cure appears. 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on
14、 ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 A Canadian researcher has discovered that sound travels 【 21】 _ air more than one-haft kilometer an hour slower than had been believed. The discovery has surprised many engineers and scientists who learned they had been 【 22】 _ the wrong speed of sound for many years. The speed o
15、f sound in air had been 【 23】 _ to be three-hundred-thirty-one-point-two-nine meters a second. But Doctor George Wong found, 【 24】 _ accident, that the speed of sound is only three-hundred-thirty-one-point-one-three meters a second. That is a difference of about sixteen centimeters a second. Doctor
16、Wong is a member of the National Research Council of Canada. He was studying ways to 【 25】 _ exactly the sound created by microphones. One of his experiments 【 26】 _ a number he could use to find the speed of sound. He was 【 27】 _ to learn that the speed of sound was slower than scientists had thoug
17、ht. To explain the difference, Doctor Wong spent eighteen months 【 28】 _ past test research on the speed of sound. He finally found the 【 29】 _ of the difference. It was a mathematics mistake 【 30】 _ in Nineteen-Forty-Two by physicist H-C Hardy. Doctor Wongs 【 31】 _ does not mean a big change for th
18、e science of sound. This is 【 32】 _ Doctor Hardy and Doctor Wong measured the speed of sound for what is called “ standard air“. Standard air exists only 【 33】 _ thought. It is a way for scientists to agree 【 34】 _ the same speed of sound. 【 35】 _ the air around us, standard air always has a tempera
19、ture of zero degrees Celsius and the same atmospheric pressure 【 36】 _ the air at sea level. Standard air al ways have same amounts of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide and 【 37】 _ gases. And in standard air, the speed of sound does not change. The change in the new speed of sound is 【 38】 _ small to
20、 affect the work of most sound scientists and engineers. But scientists say Doctor Wongs discovery may 【 39】 _ improve instruments 【 40】 _ use the speed of sound to measure very short distances. 21 【 21】 （ A） through （ B） on （ C） to （ D） pass 22 【 22】 （ A） employ （ B） employed （ C） using （ D） used 2
21、3 【 23】 （ A） thought （ B） considered （ C） considering （ D） thinking 24 【 24】 （ A） by （ B） in （ C） without （ D） with 25 【 25】 （ A） listen （ B） measure （ C） tell （ D） record 26 【 26】 （ A） gave （ B） got （ C） produced （ D） wrote 27 【 27】 （ A） surprising （ B） surprised （ C） shocking （ D） shock 28 【 28】 （
22、 A） learnt （ B） learn （ C） studied （ D） studying 29 【 29】 （ A） resource （ B） source （ C） origin （ D） reason 30 【 30】 （ A） did （ B） committed （ C） had （ D） made 31 【 31】 （ A） result （ B） findings （ C） discovery （ D） experiment 32 【 32】 （ A） thanks （ B） because （ C） owing （ D） due 33 【 33】 （ A） on （ B
23、） among （ C） in （ D） with 34 【 34】 （ A） on （ B） with （ C） to （ D） in 35 【 35】 （ A） Since （ B） Like （ C） For （ D） Unlike 36 【 36】 （ A） for （ B） unlike （ C） so （ D） as 37 【 37】 （ A） another （ B） any （ C） other （ D） others 38 【 38】 （ A） as （ B） to （ C） so （ D） too 39 【 39】 （ A） make （ B） help （ C） give
24、 （ D） contribute 40 【 40】 （ A） whose （ B） that （ C） what （ D） the Part B Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 40 The food you eat does more than provide energy. It can have a dramatic effect on
25、 your bodys ability to fight off heart disease, cancer, diabetes, high blood pressure, stroke, and weak bones. With remarkable consistency, recent research has found that a diet high in plant-based foods fruits, vegetables, dried peas and beans, grains, and starchy staples such as potatoes is the bo
26、dys best weapon in thwarting many health-related problems. These foods work against so many diseases that the same healthy ingredients you might use to protect your heart or ward off cancer will also benefit your intestinal tract and bones; Scientists have recently estimated that approximately 30 to
27、 40 percent of all cancers could be averted if people ate more fruits, vegetables, and plant-based foods and minimized high-fat, high-calorie edibles that have scant nutritional value. Up to 70 percent of cancers might be eliminated if people also stopped smoking, exercised regularly, and controlled
28、 their weight. In the past, researchers had linked fat consumption with the development of cancers, but they currently believe that eating fruits, vegetables, and grains may be more important in preventing the disease than not eating fat. “The evidence about a high-fat diet and cancer seemed a lot s
29、tronger several years ago than it does now,“ says Melanie Polk, a registered dietitian and director of nutrition education at the American Institute for Cancer Research. The road to strong bones is paved with calcium-rich food. Leafy green vegetables and low-fat dairy products are excellent sources
30、of calcium, the mineral that puts stiffness into your skeletal system and keeps your bones from turning rubbery and fragile. Your body uses calcium for more than keeping your bones strong. Calcium permits cells to divide, regulates muscle contraction and relaxation, and plays an important role in th
31、e movement of protein and nutrients inside cells. If you dont absorb enough from what you eat to satisfy these requirements, your body will take it from your bones. Because your body doesnt produce this essential mineral, you must continually replenish the supply. Even though the recommended daily a
32、mount is 1,200 mg, most adults dont eat more than 500 mg. One reason may have been the perception that calcium-rich dairy products were also loaded with calories. “In the past, women, in particular, worried that dairy products were high in calories,“ says Letha Y. Griffin, M.D. , of Peachtree Orthop
33、aedics in Atlanta. “But today you can get calcium without eating any high-fat or high-calorie foods by choosing skim milk or low-fat yogurt.“ Also, low-fat dairy products contain phosphorous and magnesium and are generally fortified with vitamin D, all of which help your body absorb and use calcium.
34、 If you find it difficult to include enough calcium in your diet, ask your doctor about supplements. Theyre a potent way to get calcium as well as vitamin D and other minerals. But if you rely on pills instead of a calcium-rich diet, you wont benefit from the other nutrients that food provides. Gett
35、ing the recommended vitamin D may be easy, since your body makes the vitamin when your skin is exposed to the suns rays. 41 Which kind of food is recommended to prevent heart disease, cancer, diabetes, high blood pressure, stroke, and weak bones? （ A） Calcium-rich food （ B） Plant-based and starchy s
36、taples food （ C） High-fat, high-calorie food （ D） Vitamin D-rich food 42 The underlined word “thwart“ (Para. 1) most probably means“_“. （ A） destroy （ B） forbid （ C） cure （ D） prevent 43 _ percent of all cancers could be averted if people ate more fruits, vegetables, and plant-based foods and minimi
37、zed high-fat, high-calorie edibles. （ A） 30 40 （ B） 40 50 （ C） 50 60 （ D） 60 70 44 According to the passage, cancers may take some healthy steps other than _. （ A） stop smoking （ B） exercise regularly （ C） take non-fat diet （ D） control their weight 45 Which of the following statements is NOT true?
38、（ A） Today you can get calcium without eating any high-fat or high-calorie foods by choosing skim milk or low-fat yogurt. （ B） Calcium plays an important role in the movement of protein and nutrients inside cells. （ C） You can rely on pills instead of a calcium-rich diet to take enough calcium. （ D）
39、 If you want to absorb calcium, you should expose yourself to the suns rays. 45 A multinational corporation is a corporate enterprise, which though headquartered in one country, conducts its operations through branches that it owns or controls around the world. The organizations, mostly based in the
40、 United States, Western Europe, and Japan, have become major actors on the international stage, for some of them are wealthier than many of the countries they operate in. The less developed countries often welcome the multinationals because they are a source of investment and jobs. Yet their presenc
41、e has its drawbacks, for these organizations soon develop immense political and economic influence in the host countries. Development becomes concentrated in a few industries that are oriented to the needs of the outsiders; profits are frequently exported rather than reinvested; and local benefits g
42、o mainly to a small ruling group whose interests are tied to those of the foreigners rather than to those of their own people. The effect is to further increase export dependency and to limit the less developed countries control of their own economies. It seems that both the modernization and world-
43、system approaches may be valid in certain respects. The modernization model does help us make sense of the historical fact of industrialization and of the various internal adjustments that societies undergo during this process. The world-system model reminds us that countries do not develop in isola
44、tion. They do so in a context of fierce international political and economic competition, a competition whose outcome favors the stronger parties. Today, the less developed countries are struggling to achieve in the course of a few years the material advantages that the older industrialized nations
45、have taken generations to gain. The result is often a tug-of-war between the forces of modernization and the sentiments of tradition, with serious social disturbance as the result. The responses have taken many different forms: military overthrow by army officers determined to impose social order; f
46、undamentalist religious movements urging a return to absolute moralities and certainties of the past; nationalism as a new ideology to unite the people for the challenge of modernization. And sometimes social change takes place in a way that is not evolutionary, but revolutionary. 46 Why do the less
47、 developed countries welcome the multinationals? （ A） Because multinationals are more developed. （ B） Because multinationals bring investment and jobs. （ C） Because multinationals conduct their operations through branches. （ D） Because multinationals are wealthier. 47 Which of the following is NOT t
48、he problems brought by multinationals? （ A） They limit the host countrys control of their own economies. （ B） Profits are frequently exported rather than reinvested. （ C） Various industries develop in the host country. （ D） They increase the host countrys export dependency. 48 Which of the following
49、 is most likely to benefit from the fierce international political and economic competition? （ A） The host industries. （ B） the local people. （ C） Those stronger and richer countries. （ D） The local ruling group. 49 what does the word “tug-of-war“ probably refer to? （ A） Serious social disorder. （ B） Military overthrow by army o
