1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 71及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twic
2、e. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 What would John study at colleg
3、e? 7 Where would Thomas probably go? 8 What Would Steven do? 9 According to Simon, what kind of job has more pleasant future? 10 What did Peter think about job-hunting? PART C Directions: You will hear three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each
4、of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear each piece ONLY ONCE. 11 What does each vanity stamp cost? （ A） 8.80 （ B） 0.88 （ C） 10 （ D） 5 12 What ar
5、e the usage of these vanity stamps? （ A） They can be used normally to mail a letter. （ B） They can only be used for exhibition. （ C） They are used to attract more tourists. （ D） They are used to post on famous buildings. 13 Why does Japan print vanity stamps? （ A） Because the Japanese like taking ph
6、otographs. （ B） Because the Japanese like writing letters to each other. （ C） Because the Japanese postal officials want to print a special stamp to catch worldwide attention. （ D） Because the Japanese postal officials hope these stamps will help promote interests in letter-writing. 14 When was euro
7、 launched? （ A） 1992 （ B） 1995 （ C） 1999 （ D） 2001 15 Why did the worth of euro drop? （ A） It dropped due to the weakness of the eurozone economies and the inexperience of the European Central Bank in dealing with the international markets. （ B） People in most European countries refused to use euro
8、instead of their own currency. （ C） Counterfeiters made a lot of fake notes since people were not familiar with the new currency. （ D） Some countries are not ready for the euro. They stopped using euro in daily purchasing. 16 Why are the eight coins of euro different in composition, weight, thicknes
9、s, and milling? （ A） Because each nation wants to keep its characteristics. （ B） Because they are designed by different artists from 8 countries. （ C） Because it will enable the blind to distinguish between them easily. （ D） Because Denmark and other countries want to have their own coins. 17 Which
10、word may best describe two speakers positions on intermarriage? （ A） Comparison （ B） Contrast （ C） Causality （ D） Bias 18 Why does marriage usually thrive concerning customs and traditions? （ A） On a give-and-take policy （ B） Beyond a give-and-take policy （ C） In the manner of each others adaptation
11、 （ D） Due to religious beliefs 19 The cultural differences arise _. （ A） at the wedding （ B） before intermarriage （ C） after people get married （ D） until recently 20 What negative effects may the intermarriage most probably cause? （ A） A quick divorce （ B） Cultural shock （ C） A big gap between pare
12、nts and children （ D） Much suffering in childrens minds 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 Everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a modern state: 【 21】 _ it, it
13、would not be possible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us; 【 22】 _ the workers in government offices who 【 23】 _ our health, our food, our water, and all 【 24】 _ things that we can not do for ourselves. By 【 25】 _ of taxation, we pay for things that we need as 【 26】 _ as we need somewhe
14、re to live and something to eat, In most countries, a direct tax on persons, 【 27】 _ is called income tax, exists. It is arranged in such a way that the poorest people pay 【 28】 _ , and the percentage of tax grows greater as the taxpayers 【 29】 _ grows. In England, for example, the tax on he 【 30】 _
15、 people goes up as high as ninety-five percent! But countries with direct taxation nearly always have 【 31】 _ taxation too. Many things imported into the country have to pay taxes or “duties“. 【 32】 _ , it is the men and women who buy the imported things in the shops who really 【 33】 _ pay the dutie
16、s, in the 【 34】 _ of higher prices. In some countries, too, there is a tax 【 35】 _ things sold in the shops. If the most necessary things are taxed, a lot of money is collected, but the poor people suffer 【 36】 _ . If unnecessary things like jewels and fur coats are taxed, 【 37】 _ is obtained, but t
17、he tax is fairer, as the 【 38】 _ pay it. Probably this last kind of indirect tax, 【 39】 _ with a direct on incomes which is low for the poor and high for the rich, is 【 40】 _ arrangement. 21 【 21】 （ A） because of （ B） instead of （ C） with （ D） without 22 【 22】 （ A） so （ B） nor （ C） not （ D） all 23 【
18、 23】 （ A） look after （ B） sympathize （ C） consider （ D） see 24 【 24】 （ A） other （ B） others （ C） the other （ D） many 25 【 25】 （ A） mean （ B） means （ C） a means （ D） the means 26 【 26】 （ A） many （ B） well （ C） more （ D） much 27 【 27】 （ A） which （ B） what （ C） that （ D） it 28 【 28】 （ A） a lot （ B） mos
19、t （ C） nothing （ D） more 29 【 29】 （ A） income （ B） population （ C） tax （ D） amount 30 【 30】 （ A） poor （ B） working （ C） rich （ D） richest 31 【 31】 （ A） no （ B） income （ C） indirect （ D） direct 32 【 32】 （ A） However （ B） So （ C） Of course （ D） By chance 33 【 33】 （ A） have to （ B） will （ C） are willin
20、g to （ D） should 34 【 34】 （ A） way （ B） form （ C） name （ D） terms 35 【 35】 （ A） about （ B） on （ C） for （ D） form 36 【 36】 （ A） least （ B） highly （ C） less （ D） most 37 【 37】 （ A） less money （ B） more money （ C） fewer money （ D） most money 38 【 38】 （ A） people （ B） poor （ C） rich （ D） country 39 【 39
21、】 （ A） including （ B） along （ C） dealing （ D） and 40 【 40】 （ A） the best （ B） the worst （ C） good （ D） better Part B Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 40 Six years later, in an about-face, t
22、he FBI admits that federal agents fired tear gas canisters capable of causing a fire at the Branch Davidian compound near Waco, Texas in 1993. But the official said the firing came several hours before the structure burst into flames, killing 80 people including the Davidians leader, David Koresh. “
23、In looking into this, weve come across information that shows some canisters that can be deemed pyrotechnic in nature were fired hours before the fire started,“ the official said. “Devices were fired at the bunker, not at the main structure where the Davidians were camped out.“ The Federal Bureau of
24、 Investigation maintains it did not start what turned to be a series of fiery bursts of flames that ended a 51-day standoff between branch members and the federal government. “This doesnt change the bottom line that David Koresh started the fire and the government did not,“ the official said. “It si
25、mple shows that devices that could probably be flammable were used in the early morning hours.“ The law enforcement official said the canisters were fired not at the main structure where the Davidian members were camped out but at the nearby underground bunker. They bounced off the bunkers concrete
26、roof and landed in an open field well, the official said. The canisters were fired at around 6 a.m. , and the fire that destroyed the wooden compound started around noon, the official said. The official also added that other tear gas canisters used by agent that day were not flammable or potentially
27、 explosive. While Coulson denied the grenades played a role in starting the fire, his statement marked the first time that any U.S. government official has publicly contradicted the governments position that federal agents used nothing on the final day of the siege at Waco that could have sparked th
28、e fire that engulfed the compound. The cause of the fiery end is a major focus of an ongoing inquiry by the Texas Rangers into the Waco siege. 41 The FBI official has NOT admitted that _. （ A） the canisters were fired at the main structure （ B） the canisters were fired hours before the fire started
29、（ C） federal agents fired tear gas canisters capable of causing a fire （ D） other tear gas canisters that were not flammable or potentially explosive were also used 42 From the passage, what information can be inferred about the event in 1993? （ A） The compound was blown up by the FBI agents. （ B） T
30、he compound burst into flames at dawn. （ C） The federal government besieged the compound for 51 days before the tragedy occurred. （ D） About 80 people were killed in the event except the Davidians leader, David Koresh. 43 After reading the passage, how much do you know about the compound near Waco?
31、（ A） About 51 people lived in the compound at the time of the event in 1993. （ B） It consisted of a main structure and a bunker. （ C） It was built of stone. （ D） It was a schoolhouse. 44 Coulsons speech has _. （ A） made the matter even more complicated and confusing （ B） been approved by the governm
32、ent （ C） met sharp criticism （ D） brought the whole matter into broad daylight 45 The attitude of the narrator towards this message is _. （ A） neutral （ B） bitter （ C） excited （ D） expectant 45 The question of whether war is inevitable is one, which has concerned many of the worlds great writers. Be
33、fore considering this question, it will be useful to introduce some related concepts. Conflict, defined as opposition among social entities directed against one another, is distinguished from competition, defined as opposition among social entities independently striving for something, which is in i
34、nadequate supply. Competitors may not be aware of one another, while the parties to a conflict are. Conflict and competition are both categories of opposition, which has been defined as a process by which social entities function is the disservice of one another. Opposition is thus contrasted with c
35、ooperation, the process by which social entities function in the service of one another. These definitions are necessary because it is important to emphasize that competition between individuals or groups in inevitable in a world of limited resources, but conflict is not. Conflict, nevertheless, is
36、very likely to occur, and is probably an essential and desirable element of human societies. Many authors have argued for the inevitability of war from the premise that in the struggle for existence among animal species, only the fittest survive. In general, however, this struggle in nature is compe
37、tition, not conflict. Social animals, such as monkeys and cattle, fight to win or maintain leadership of the group. The struggle for existence occurs not in such fights, but in the competition for limited feeding areas and for occupancy of areas free from meat-eating animals. Those who fail in this
38、competition starve to death or become victims to other species. This struggle for existence does not resemble human war, but rather the competition of individuals for jobs, markets, and materials. The essence of the struggle is the competition for the necessities of life that are insufficient to sat
39、isfy all. Among nations there is competition in developing resources, trades, skills, and a satisfactory way of life. The successful nations grow and prosper; the unsuccessful decline. While it is true that this competition may induce efforts to expand territory at the expense of others, and thus le
40、ad to conflict, it cannot be said that war-like conflict among nations is inevitable, although competition is. 46 In the first paragraph, the author gives the definitions of some terms in order to _. （ A） argue for the similarities between animal societies and human societies （ B） smooth out the con
41、flicts in human societies （ C） distinguish between two kinds of opposition （ D） summarize the characteristic features of opposition and cooperation 47 According to the author, competition differs from conflict in that _. （ A） it results in war in most cases （ B） it induces efforts to expand territor
42、y （ C） it is a kind of opposition among social entities （ D） it is essentially a struggle for existence 48 The phrase “function in the disservice of one another“ (Para. 1) most probably means _. （ A） betray each other （ B） harm one another （ C） help to collaborate with each other （ D） benefit one an
43、other 49 The author indicates in the passage that conflict _. （ A） is an inevitable struggle resulting from competition （ B） reflects the struggle among social animals （ C） is an opposition among individual social entities （ D） can be avoided 50 The passage is probably intended to answer the questio
44、n“_“. （ A） Is war inevitable? （ B） Why is there conflict and competition? （ C） Is conflict desirable? （ D） Can competition lead to conflict? 50 How efficient is our system of criminal trial? Does it really do the basic job we ask of it convicting the guilty and acquitting the innocent? It is often s
45、aid that the British trail system is more like a game than a serious attempt to do justice. The lawyers on each side are so engrossed in playing hard to win, challenging each other and the judge on technical points, that the object of finding out the truth is almost forgotten. All the effort is conc
46、entrated on the big day, on the dramatic cross examination of the key witnesses in front of the jury. Critics like to compare our “adversarial“ system (resembling two adversaries engaged in a con test) with the continental “inquisitorial“ system, under which the judge plays a more important inquirin
47、g role. In early times, in the Middle Ages, the systems of trial across Europe were similar. At that time trial by “ordeal“ especially a religious event was the main way of testing guilt or innocence. When this way eventually abandoned the two systems parted company. On the continent church-trained
48、legal officials took over the function of both prosecuting and judging, while in England these were largely left to lay people, the Justice of the Peace and the jurymen who were illiterate and this meant that all the evidence had to be put to them orally. This historical accident dominates procedure
49、 even today, with all evidence being given in open court by word of mouth on the crucial day. On the other hand, in France for instance, all the evidence is written before the trial under supervision by an investigating judge. This exhaustive pretrial looks very undramatic; much of it is just a public checking of the written records already gathered. The Americans adopted the British system lock, stock and barrel and e
