1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 78 及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twi
2、ce. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 Besides reporters, who else we
3、re camped out for days outside the speakers home? 7 One reporter got to the speakers apartment pretending to pay 8 The speaker believed the reporter wanted a picture of her looking 9 Where is a correction to a false story usually placed? 10 According to the speaker, the press will lose readers unles
4、s the editors and the news directors PART C Directions: You will hear three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have
5、10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear each piece ONLY ONCE. 11 How many people applied but didnt run the race? （ A） 16,000. （ B） 10,000. （ C） 67,000. （ D） 54,000. 12 Which of the following is NOT true? （ A） Most competitors did not finish the race within two hours. （ B） Mos
6、t competitors were interested in the race. （ C） Most competitors were trying to run as fast as they could. （ D） Most competitors wanted to know if they could run 26 miles. 13 Where did one of the runners fall down? （ A） 50 meters from the end. （ B） 15 meters from the end. （ C） 10 meters from the end
7、. （ D） 5 meters from the end. 14 Which of the following is covered in BCD International programs? （ A） Interviews with radio producers. （ B） A large variety of pop songs. （ C） News from the music library. （ D） Stories about the good old days. 15 Which program gives us the ideas behind the pop songs?
8、 （ A） The History of Pop. （ B） The Road to Music. （ C） Pop Words. （ D） About The Big Hits. 16 For native speakers understanding English pop songs is （ A） effortless. （ B） impossible. （ C） difficult. （ D） unnecessary. 17 Whats the main topic of this passage? （ A） The tests of new airliner before its
9、flying. （ B） How to protect a new airliner? （ C） How to train a new pilot? （ D） What the airliner engineers should do? 18 Why air must be pumped into the plane? （ A） Because without air the plane cant fly. （ B） Because the plane needs air for its fuel. （ C） Because the passengers lives depend on air
10、. （ D） Because the passengers have paid for it. 19 What would happen if a small part of the plane were cracked? （ A） The plane would not go forward. （ B） The plane would explode. （ C） The plane would fall down. （ D） The plane would fly slowly. 20 For what purpose does the pilot shut off all the engi
11、nes? （ A） To find out exactly what happens. （ B） To save fuel. （ C） To fly more slowly. （ D） To keep balance. 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 Many foreigners who ha
12、ve not visited Britain call all the inhabitants English, for they are used to thinking of the British Isles as England. 【 21】 _ , the British Isles contain a variety of peoples, and only the people of England call themselves English. The others 【 22】 _ to themselves as Welsh, Scottish, or Irish, 【 2
13、3】 _ the case may be; they are often slightly annoyed 【 24】 _ being classified as “English“. Even in England there are many 【 25】 _ in regional character and speech. The chief 【 26】 _ is between southern England and northern England. South of a 【 27】 _ going from Bristol to London, people speak the
14、type of English usually learnt by foreign students, 【 28】 _ there are local variations. Further north, regional speech is usually“ 【 29】 _ “than that of southern Britain. Northerners are 【 30】 _ to claim that they work harder than Southerners, and are more 【 31】 _ . They are openhearted and hospitab
15、le; foreigners often find that they make friends with them 【 32】 _ . Northerners generally have hearty 【 33】 _ : the visitor to Lancashire or Yorkshire, for instance, may look forward to receiving generous 【 34】 _ at meal times. In accent and character the people of the Midlands 【 35】 _ a gradual ch
16、ange from the southern to the northern type of Englishman. In Scotland the sound 【 36】 _ by the letter “R“ is generally a strong sound, and “R“ is often pronounced in words in which it would be 【 37】 _ in southern English. The Scots are said to be a serious, cautious, thrifty people, 【 38】 _ inventi
17、ve and somewhat mystical. All the Celtic peoples of Britain (the Welsh, the Irish, the Scots) are frequently 【 39】 _ as being more “fiery“ than the English. They are 【 40】 _ a race that is quite distinct from the English. 21 【 21】 （ A） In consequence （ B） In brief （ C） In general （ D） In fact 22 【 2
18、2】 （ A） confine （ B） attach （ C） refer （ D） add 23 【 23】 （ A） as （ B） which （ C） for （ D） so 24 【 24】 （ A） with （ B） by （ C） at （ D） for 25 【 25】 （ A） similarities （ B） differences （ C） certainties （ D） features 26 【 26】 （ A） factor （ B） virtue （ C） privilege （ D） division 27 【 27】 （ A） line （ B） ro
19、w （ C） border （ D） scale 28 【 28】 （ A） who （ B） when （ C） though （ D） for 29 【 29】 （ A） wider （ B） broader （ C） rarer （ D） scarcer 30 【 30】 （ A） used （ B） apt （ C） possible （ D） probable 31 【 31】 （ A） perfect （ B） notorious （ C） superior （ D） thorough 32 【 32】 （ A） swiftly （ B） promptly （ C） immedia
20、tely （ D） quickly 33 【 33】 （ A） appetites （ B） tastes （ C） interests （ D） senses 34 【 34】 （ A） helpings （ B） offerings （ C） fillings （ D） findings 35 【 35】 （ A） represent （ B） designate （ C） demonstrate （ D） reckon 36 【 36】 （ A） delivered （ B） denoted （ C） depicted （ D） defined 37 【 37】 （ A） quiet （
21、 B） obscure （ C） faint （ D） silent 38 【 38】 （ A） rather （ B） still （ C） somehow （ D） even 39 【 39】 （ A） rendered （ B） thought （ C） impressed （ D） described 40 【 40】 （ A） with （ B） of （ C） among （ D） against Part B Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by cho
22、osing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 40 Some people ought to defend the workaholic. These people are unjustly accused, abused, and defamed often, termed sick or morbid or on the border of pathology. About 30% of American business and commerce is carried on the shoulders of worka
23、holics. The ratio might exist in art and science too. Workaholics are the achievers, the excelers. There is a national conspiracy against excellence and undue admiration of commonness and mediocrity. It is as if we are against those who make uncommon sacrifices because they enjoy doing something. So
24、me famous psychologists say that the workaholic has an inferiority complex which leads to over-compensation. This is certainly not the case. Inferiority, or low esteem, describes laziness more accurately than it describes dedication. We do not seem to realize that very little excellence is achieved
25、by living a well-balanced life. Edison, Ford, Einstein, Freud all had single-minded devotion to work whereby they sacrificed many things, including family and friendship. The accusation is made that workaholics bear guilt by not being good parents or spouses. But guilt can exist in the balanced life
26、 also. Think how many “normal“ people and middle-ages who have never done anything well they are going to settle for less than what they could have become. 41 From this passage we know that workaholic is a term referring to those （ A） who enjoy work more than anything else. （ B） who make greater con
27、tributions than others. （ C） who make uncommon sacrifice in their personal life. （ D） All of the above. 42 The authors main concern in this passage is to （ A） point out the role the workaholic plays in the American economy. （ B） defend people who are addicted to work. （ C） encourage us not to worry
28、about our imperfection. （ D） consider the difficulties that confront us at middle-age. 43 The author of the passage would most likely agree that the workaholic （ A） is mentally ill. （ B） performs an insignficant proportion of American business. （ C） will not have the regrets that many “normal“ peopl
29、e face at middle-age. （ D） suffers from low serf-esteem. 44 According to this passage,_ （ A） Freud led a well-balanced life. （ B） workaholics can be helped. （ C） workaholics should be admired. （ D） so-called “normal“ people are truly the sick people among us. 45 According to the author, one can hard
30、ly achieve excellence unless one （ A） lives an abnormal life. （ B） sacrifices friendship and family. （ C） has total devotion to work. （ D） ignores popular opinions. 45 In the 18th century, New York was smaller than Philadephia and Boston. Today it is the largest city in America. How to explain the c
31、hange in its size and importance? To answer this question we must consider certain facts about geography, history and economies. Together these three will explain the huge growth of Americas most famous city. The map of the Northeast shows that four of the most heavily-populated areas in this region
32、 are around seaports. At these points materials from across the sea enter America, and the products of the land are sent there for export across the sea. Economists know that places where transportation lines meet are good places for making raw materials into completed goods. That is why seaports of
33、ten have cities nearby. But cities like New York needed more than their geographical location in order to become great industrial centers. Their development did not happen simply by chance. About 1815,when many Americans from the east coast had already moved to the west, trade routes from the ports
34、to the central regions of the country began to be a serious problem. The slow wagons of that time, drawn by horses or oxen, were too expensive for moving heavy freight very far. Americans had long admired Europes canals. In New York State a canal seemed the best solution to the transportation proble
35、m. From the eastern end of Lake Erie all the way across the state to the Hudson River there is a long trip of low land. Here the Erie Canal was constructed. After working for several years it was completed in 1825. The canal produced an immediate effect. Freight costs were cut to about one-tenth of
36、what they had been. New York City, which had been smaller than Philadelphia and Boston, quickly became the leading city of the coast. In later years, transportation routes on the Great Lakes were joined to mutes on the Mississippi River. Then New York City became the end point of a great inland ship
37、ping system that extended from the Atlantic Ocean far up the western branches of the ississippi. The new railroads made canal shipping not important as before, but it tied New York even more closely to the central regions of the country. It was easier for people in the central states to ship their g
38、oods to New York for export overseas. Exports from New York were greater than imports. Consequently, shipping companies were eager to fill their ships with passengers on the return trip from Europe. Passengers could come from Europe very cheaply as a result. Thus New York became the greatest port fo
39、r receiving people from European countries. Many of them remained in the city. Others stayed in New York for a few weeks, months, or years, and then moved to other parts of the United States. For these great numbers of new Americans, New York had to provide homes, goods, and services. Their labor he
40、lped the city become great. 46 Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? （ A） The Development of Transportation in New York. （ B） Exports and Imports of New York. （ C） How New York Became Americas Largest City? （ D） How New York Exchanged with Europe? 47 Which of the following re
41、spects does NOT help New York become the most famous city? （ A） Culture. （ B） History. （ C） Economics. （ D） Geographical location. 48 Which of the following statements is TRUE? （ A） The Erie Canal connected Lake Erie and the Hudson River. （ B） Economists are of the opinion that places where farming
42、is done are good for making rawmaterials into finished goods. （ C） Wagons drawn by horses and oxen soon proved to be better and cheaper than canal transportation. （ D） The coming of the railroads caused New York to become less important as a shipping center. 49 Freight costs were reduced to 10% of w
43、hat they had been because of （ A） the decline in taxes. （ B） the construction of the railroads. （ C） the construction of the Erie Canal. （ D） the development of industry. 50 Why were passengers from Europe able to travel to New York so cheaply? （ A） Because the ships were little crowded on the trip
44、back to New York. （ B） Because shipping companies were eager to fill their ships with passengers on the return trip from Europe. （ C） Because the shipping companies wanted to develop traveling industry in New York. （ D） Because few Europeans longed to visit New York. 50 In Anglo-America there are th
45、ree major ethnic groups. The first is the original Indian population, who today represents a minority group. The second is the descendents of European colonists who emigrated to the two countries before the end of the nineteenth century. These majority populations normally speak English, are highly-
46、educated, and most of them are culturally homogeneous(同类的 ) in broad cultural values. A third group is made up of ethnic minorities, from Asia, Latin America, Africa, or parts of Europe who have either linguistic, religious, racial, or other cultural attributes that distinguish them from the majorit
47、y population. The United States has a varied ethnic minority pattern, without the dominance of one minority group in a specific geographical area. The largest ethnic group in America is the blacks, totaling an estimated 26 million in 1980, or 12 percent of the population. Unlike the French, the blac
48、k population of the United States is not culturally and geographically isolated in one area. Slightly more than half of American blacks live in the South, and 49 percent reside in the East and the West. The black American speaks English, has a tendency to share the characteristics of competition, ma
49、terialism, and individualism with other United States citizens, and has no istinctive religion. The Spanish-speaking minority in America is reluctant to adopt the values of the dominant cultural group. There is increasingly a demand for bilingual(双语的 )education to allow Spanish-speaking children to use English in their educational programs. The existence of a large and growing minority population such as the Spanish-speaking Americans, who are increasingly committed
