1、在职攻硕英语联考（阅读）模拟试卷 5及答案与解析 一、 Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points) Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your ans
2、wer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. 0 Most students are usually introduced to the study of history by way of a fat textbook and become quickly immersed in a vast sea of names, dates, events, and statistics. The students skills are then tested by examinations that require t
3、hem to show how much of the data they remember. From this experience a number of conclusions seem obvious; the study of history is the study of “facts“ about the past; the more “facts“ you know, the better you are as a student of history. But in this way students may become confused upon discovering
4、 that historians often disagree sharply. They discover that historians dealing with the same event may come to quite different conclusions about it. Obviously, there is no easy solution to this problem. Historians disagree because each historian views the past from a particular perspective. Once stu
5、dents grasp this, they have taken the first step toward being able to evaluate the work of various historians. But before they can take this first step, students must consider a problem they have more or less taken for granted. They must ask themselves what history really is. The word history has se
6、veral meanings. In its broadest sense, it denotes the whole of the human past. More restricted is the notion that history is the recorded past, that is, that part of human life which has left some sort of record such as folk tales, artifacts, or written documents. Finally, history may be defined as
7、that which historians write about the past. 1 What is the meaning of the word “fat“ in Line 1? （ A） Big. （ B） Hard. （ C） Thick. （ D） Well-filled. 2 What do most history teachers require their students to do, according to the first paragraph? （ A） They ask their students to read a lot of history book
8、s. （ B） They make their students show interest in names, dates, events, and statistics. （ C） They ask their students to take many examinations. （ D） They make students get involved in many names, dates, events and statistics, and keep them in mind. 3 Why do students become confused? （ A） They can no
9、t understand the “fact“ about the past. （ B） They are confused by their teachers. （ C） They find the descriptions and explanations of the same historical events are different from one historian to another. （ D） They dont know that the quite different conclusions may come out from the same event. 4 W
10、hy do historians disagree with each other? （ A） They stand in different places. （ B） They just pick up the most important facts they believe. （ C） They are not good friends. （ D） both B and C 5 Which of the following statements is NOT perfectly true? （ A） There is no way to solve the problem of disa
11、greements among historians. （ B） If the students want to evaluate the work of various historians, they should first know what history really is. （ C） History is of course written by historians. （ D） The concept of history in students mind is different from that in historians mind. 5 When the Western
12、 European nations rose to power in the 15th and 16th centuries, their aim was to find a trade route to the East. Competition for the priceless Eastern trade was intense, and France, with ports on the Mediterranean, was a special rival of England. During the 17th and 18th centuries she considered the
13、 possibility of piercing the Isthmus of Suez for a shortcut waterway to the East. With Napoleon when he occupied Egypt went a noted French engineer, to study the problem. But it was not until 1859 that a Frenchman, Ferdinand de Lesseps, who had long been fascinated by the idea of a canal, turned the
14、 first spadeful of earth to start the excavations. De Lesseps, by virtue of his diplomacy and charm, had found favor with the Egyptian viceroy. Over bitter opposition from the British, who saw communication with their Indian empire threatened, he had won concessions from the Egyptians and Turks, mak
15、ing possible for the work to go forward. Although de Lesseps had hoped to have the enterprise financed by all the great western powers, most of the capital was provided by France and Egypt. Finally de Lesseps dream was realized, and in the summer of 1869 the waters of the Red Sea and the Mediterrane
16、an were united. 6 European nations first sought a trade route to the East during the_. （ A） Industrial Revolution （ B） Age of Exploration （ C） Enlightenment （ D） Middle Ages 7 The two major rivals for Eastern trade were_. （ A） Spain and Portugal （ B） Germany and Italy （ C） England and Spain （ D） Eng
17、land and France 8 Great Britain did not want to see the French build the Suez Canal because it would give France an advantage in Eastern trade competition and because_. （ A） it endangered ties with India （ B） it would give France a military advantage （ C） France might then gain control of Egypt （ D）
18、 the English disliked both the French and the Egyptians 9 The Suez Canal connects the_. （ A） Indian Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean （ B） Black Sea and the Bosporus （ C） Red Sea and the Mediterranean Sea （ D） Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean 10 Ferdinand de Lesseps expected that the building of
19、the canal would_. （ A） give France a tremendous advantage （ B） improve living conditions in Egypt （ C） bring peace to the Middle East （ D） be aided by England, France and Germany 10 With oil prices and interest rates low, more and more Americans are buying boats and as traffic on the waterways incre
20、ases, so does the number of accidents from drinking and driving on water. A National Transportation Safety Board study concludes that drinking may be a factor in 80 percent of the 1 000 or so deaths in boating accidents that occur every year. Yet anyone can drive a boat without a license (执照 ), drin
21、king on board is almost universally legal. Experts say drunken boating may be even more dangerous than drunken driving. Boating on a crowded waterway can be in complete disorder: there are no stop signs, traffic lights or lane markers. Speed restrictions are nonexistent outside harbors. Some boats h
22、ave terrible power and top speeds and no boat has brakes. Combined with the effects of all the sun, wind, waves and happy tiredness that go with boating, even moderate amounts of alcohol can be dangerous. According to one recent study, a boaters judgement and behavior can be worsened by only about a
23、 third as much alcohol as it would take on land. Only recently have many states begun to take action against drunken boating. The key is passing laws to set a medical standard for blood alcohol level and to allow police to test blood-alcohol levels on the spot. Increasingly, speed restrictions are a
24、lso be-ing set on crowded waterways. Some experts also suggest granting licenses for boat operators. The license requirement could be used to strengthen safety training and to keep repeat offenders off the water. It would also make it harder for beginners and children to go joyriding in high-perform
25、ance boats. 11 What is the main cause of the increase of traffic on water? （ A） People are willing to spend money on boating. （ B） Boating enjoys greater freedom than driving on land. （ C） Boating is less expensive than before. （ D） Boating is more exciting than driving on land. 12 In the passage, i
26、t is implied that_. （ A） drinking should be restricted as severely for driving on water as on land （ B） traffic signs should also be adopted on crowded waterways （ C） speed limits should be set inside and outside harbor （ D） a limited amount of alcohol is allowable for driving on water 13 Why is dru
27、nken boating more dangerous than drunken driving? （ A） Because of the enjoyment of boating. （ B） Because of the terrible power and high speed. （ C） Because of the crowded waterways. （ D） Because of the lack of traffic regulations. 14 The most effective means to reduce boating accidents is_. （ A） to
28、issue rigid traffic regulations （ B） to make laws against drunken boating （ C） to forbid the use of swift boats （ D） to force boats to be equipped with brakes 15 Another effective measure suggested against accidents is_. （ A） to issue license （ B） to prevent beginners from driving boats （ C） to keep
29、 offenders off the water （ D） to prevent people from riding boats in bad weather 15 England is not a big country: from north to south and from east to west it is only about three hundred miles across. But for a small country it has a surprising range of climate. People who have never visited England
30、, or who have visited only one part of it, often make the mistake of thinking that it is a cold and wet country. Except for the summer months of June to September, this is probably true of the north of England and the Midlands. In the south, however, the climate is much more pleasant. One result is
31、that when people retire from a job in the north they often prefer to move down to the milder south. Perhaps the warmest part of the country is the southwest, which consists of the counties of Devon and Cornwall. The warm Gulf Stream flows across the North Atlantic Ocean from the Gulf of Mexico and m
32、akes the coastal regions of the southwest quite warm. Palm trees, bamboo (竹 ) and many semi-tropical (亚热带的 ) plants grow well in the southwest of England. Flowers and vegetables ripen (成熟 ) as much as a month earlier than those elsewhere. Farmers in the area obtain a higher price for their vegetable
33、s and flowers because they are ready earlier. In winter there may be several feet of snow in other parts of England but there will probably be no snow at all in the southwest. This may be one of the reasons why the southwest is one of Englands most popular holiday areas. 16 The distance from the cen
34、ter of England to the south coast is about_. （ A） one hundred miles （ B） three hundred miles （ C） one hundred and fifty miles （ D） six hundred miles 17 England is a country_. （ A） with a cold and wet climate （ B） with a surprising climate （ C） with a pleasant climate （ D） with a variety of climates
35、18 According to the passage, _. （ A） flowers and vegetables from Devon are on the market one month earlier （ B） farmers in the southwest grow as many vegetables and flowers as farmers elsewhere （ C） people in the southwest have to pay a higher price for vegetables and flowers （ D） vegetables in Corn
36、wall ripen as much as a month earlier than flowers 19 In the north of England and the Midlands, _. （ A） it is cold and wet all the year round （ B） the climate is pleasant as a whole （ C） it is warm most of the time in a year （ D） only the summer is not cold and wet 20 In winter, people in Devon and
37、Cornwall_. （ A） seldom see snow （ B） never see any snow （ C） may have several feet of snow （ D） often see snow 20 Some psychologists maintain that mental acts such as thinking are not performed in the brain alone, but that ones muscles also participate. It may be said that we think with our muscles
38、in somewhat the same way that we listen to music with our bodies. You surely are not surprised to be told that you usually listen to music not only with your ears but with your whole body. Few people can listen to music that is more or less familiar without moving their body or, more specifically, s
39、ome part of their body. Often when one listens to a symphonic concert on the radio, he is tempted to direct the orchestra even though he knows there is a competent conductor on the job. Strange as this behavior may be, there is a very good reason for it. One cannot derive all possible enjoyment from
40、 music unless he participates, so to speak, in its performance. The listener “feels“ himself into the music with more or less pronounced motions of his body. The muscles of the body actually participate in the mental process of thinking in the same way, but this participation is less obvious because
41、 it is less pronounced. 21 The process of thinking is different from that of listening in that_. （ A） the former is a mental process while the latter not （ B） muscle participation is less apparent in the former （ C） the former is more serious （ D） the latter is more enjoyable 22 Some psychologists b
42、elieve that thinking is_. （ A） a process involving the muscles as well as the brain （ B） a process performed by the entire body （ C） only a mental process in the brain （ D） much more of a physical process than a mental action 23 The “pronounced motions“ of the body is a music listeners way of_. （ A）
43、 performing with his body （ B） directing the orchestra playing the music （ C） enjoying and participating in the music （ D） expressing how he likes the music 24 People enjoy the music fully with_. （ A） their hands directing （ B） their body movements （ C） their ears （ D） their eyes and ears 25 The bes
44、t possible title of the passage could be_. （ A） How Muscles Participate in Mental Acts （ B） Music Appreciation （ C） Participation in Music Performance （ D） Thinking Process 在职攻硕英语联考（阅读）模拟试卷 5答案与解析 一、 Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points) Directions: There are 4 passages in this part
45、. Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. 【知识模块】 阅读 1 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 文中第一段第一句说： “在对历史的学习 上大部分学生通常是通过一本 fat
46、教科书入门的，随后便沉浸在数不清的名字、日期、事件和统计数字之中。 ”此处的 “fat”只能理解为 “thick”的意思，这样才能与原句的 “沉浸在 巨大的海洋中 ”相吻合。 【知识模块】 阅读 2 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 文中第一段第二句说： “学生的技能随后在考试中得到检测，这种考试就是要看看他们记住了多少史实。 ”由此可以推断出，选项 D符合文意。 【知识模块】 阅读 3 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 文中第一段最后两句说： “但是当学生们采用 这种方法进行历史学习时，他们会发现历史学家的观点时常是尖锐对立的，这也许会令他们困惑不解。他们发现历史学家在研究同样的事件时也许会得出
47、完全不同的结论。 ”由此看出，选项 C正确。 【知识模块】 阅读 4 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 文中第二段、第三段对历史学家之间的分歧进行了解释： (1)历史学家总是从各自不同的角度去看待同一历史事件的； (2)历史学家对历史的含义有各自不同的理解，他们总是按自己对历史含义的理解去书写历史。由此可以推出选项 B符合作者的本意。选项 A和 C文中均未提到。 【知识 模块】 阅读 5 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 在文中，作者是这样展开论述的：大部分学生学习历史就是记住历史 “事实 ”，然而在对待这些 “事实 ”上，历史学家却有各自不同的理解和解释，因为他们各自的视角和历史观都是不同的，但
48、学生们会为此困惑不解的。因此，要想真正弄清历史，学生们必须问自己历史究竟是什么。选项 A、 B、 D都符合文章的内容，唯有选项 C文中没有提及。 【知识模块】 阅读 【知识模块】 阅读 6 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本题问欧洲各国最早是在什么时期开始寻求通往东方 的贸易通道的。根据文章第一句话，在 15和 16世纪，随着欧洲各国力量的强大，它们想寻找一条通往东方的贸易通道。因此，答案应选 B。 【知识模块】 阅读 7 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 根据文章第二段第一句话，对价值无穷的东方贸易的竞争非常激烈，而法国在地中海地区有许多港口，是英国的一个特殊对手。由此可知，本题的正确答案是
49、D“英国和法国是对东方贸易的两个主要竞争对手 ”。其他选项 A、B、 C中的几个国家文章中并未提及与它们之间的竞争。 【知识模块】 阅读 8 【正确答案】 A 【试 题解析】 根据文章第四段第二句，英国人强烈反对德 勒赛普的方案，因为他们看到他们与印度帝国间的交往会受到威胁，但勒赛普还是赢得了埃及和土耳其的特许权，使得他的工程能继续下去。因此，本题的正确答案应选 A“英国反对法国修建苏伊士运河的原因是怕它与印度的联系会受到威胁 ”。 【知识模块】 阅读 9 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本题问苏伊士运河将哪两个海洋连接在了一起。根据文章最后一段最后一句， 1869年夏天，红海与地中海的海水连在了一起。因此，本题的正确答案应是 C。 【知识模块】 阅读 10 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 根据文章第五段，虽然勒赛普曾希望他的工程能得到西欧强权的资助，但是其大部分资金都是由法国和埃及提供的。因此，本题的正确答案应是D“由英国、法国和德国资助 ”。而选项 A、 B、 C所讲的内容文章并未提及，因此都是错误的。 【知识模块】 阅读 【知识模块】 阅读 11 【正确答
