1、大学英语六级改革适用（听力）模拟试卷 238及答案与解析 Section A （ A） It is getting things done through other people. （ B） It is helping an organization find the right staff. （ C） It is assembling people of different abilities. （ D） It is communicating between colleagues. （ A） Developing plans to co-ordinate activities. （ B）
2、 Selecting the communication channels. （ C） Determining what tasks to be done. （ D） Correcting significant deviations. （ A） They should be avoided by all means. （ B） They are bad for effective management. （ C） They can be good for an organization. （ D） They are surprisingly complicated. （ A） Delegat
3、ion is a ticket to foreign trade. （ B） Managers shouldnt merely be a “doer“. （ C） Leadership is a born ability. （ D） Delegation is the most important thing in management. （ A） Many of her books are bestsellers. （ B） She is a shrewd bookstore owner. （ C） She is promoting her book in person. （ D） She
4、is a salesperson at the bookstore. （ A） It has been the bestseller for weeks. （ B） It advises people to change themselves. （ C） It is being sold at a very low price. （ D） It distinguishes cooperators. （ A） A man careful with money. （ B） A book-lover. （ C） A noisy reader. （ D） A trouble-maker. （ A） S
5、omeone who always talks about himself. （ B） The most violent type of co-workers. （ C） Someone who stabs your back. （ D） The most common annoying type of people. Section B （ A） He worked in a supermarket for tuition. （ B） He helped someone to learn to read. （ C） He gave single mothers the help that t
6、hey needed. （ D） He went to a training program to help a volunteer. （ A） She knew where the goods were in the supermarket. （ B） She asked others to take her to the right place. （ C） She managed to find the goods by their looks. （ D） She remembered the names of the goods. （ A） Marie benefited a lot f
7、rom the practical lessons. （ B） Marie was able to read stories with the help of her son. （ C） Marie decided to continue her studies in school. （ D） Marie found her lessons more challenging than her childrens. （ A） They were controlled less strictly by the authorities. （ B） They treated their workers
8、 more humanely. （ C） They completely ignored consumers health. （ D） They turned out more unhealthy products at will. （ A） Paid much attention to the results of scientific discoveries. （ B） Seldom introduced safety laws before disasters occurred. （ C） Hardly ever looked into the causes of tragedies.
9、（ D） Imposed safety rules as soon as accidents took place. （ A） There are altogether three departments which protect customers and workers. （ B） A company with poor or dangerous working conditions is likely to be punished. （ C） Stores dealing in foods and drugs are controlled by the local government
10、. （ D） The protection of workers health and safety is still not well ensured. （ A） Industries in the past and at present. （ B） Changes in the development of industries. （ C） The protection of industrial workers and customers. （ D） The freedom of industries today and in the past. Section C （ A） Makin
11、g small talks with many people. （ B） Staying till very late in a large party. （ C） Talking to only a small group of people. （ D） Having conversations on different topics. （ A） Quiet and confident. （ B） Bold and loud. （ C） Shy and energetic. （ D） Tricky and timid. （ A） They are always alone by themse
12、lves. （ B） They are tired of charging their batteries. （ C） They do not like socializing with people. （ D） They need time to prepare for social activities. （ A） Being quiet and bookish. （ B） Suffering from stage fright. （ C） Ignoring peoples judgment. （ D） Having an outgoing personality. （ A） Drinki
13、ng during dinner time. （ B） Drinking to celebrate weddings. （ C） Drinking at someones birthday. （ D） Drinking with friends after work. （ A） Alcohol use will cause diseases. （ B） Women drink more than men. （ C） Europe has the highest alcohol use. （ D） Alcohol is addictive to everyone. （ A） Protecting
14、 people from alcohol abuse. （ B） Increasing tax on alcohol production. （ C） Raising the legal age for drinking. （ D） Forbidding alcoholic drinks marketing. （ A） It is one of the richest countries in the world. （ B） It is one of the most modern African countries. （ C） It has all the best rail and roa
15、d systems in Africa. （ D） It has two-thirds of all Internet users in Africa. （ A） Poor Internet connectivity in the country. （ B） Expensive Internet-ready mobile phones. （ C） The lack of schools and work places. （ D） Difficult access to Internet cafes. （ A） Internet connectivity will be guaranteed.
16、（ B） The rich will have access to the Internet. （ C） A new generation of Internet will become rich. （ D） Middle-class Internet users will increase. 大学英语六级改革适用（听力）模拟试卷 238答案与解析 Section A 1 【 听力原文】 W: Do you think you can give an exact definition of “management“, Mr. Rogers? M: Management is the proce
17、ss of achieving results through other people. W: What are the functions of management? M: There are mainly four. The first is planning. Managers define goals, establish strategy and develop plans to co-ordinate activities. W: Thats not easy, I think. M: No. And the second is organizing, which means
18、managers will determine what tasks to be done, who is to do them, how the tasks are to be grouped, who reports to whom, etc. W: Thats complicated. M: And the third is leading. It includes motivating subordinates, directing others, selecting the most effective communication channels and resolving con
19、flicts. W: Do you think the goal of good management is to get rid of conflicts? M: Actually, weve made considerable progress towards overcoming the view that conflict is bad. W: So you mean conflicts can be good for an organization? M: Yes. Conflicts can be used to bring about substantial changes to
20、 the existing power structure, current patterns of interaction between people at work, and attitude. W: That surprises me. M: The last function controlling means to monitor activities to ensure they are being accomplished as planned, and correct significant deviations. W: It is said that all manager
21、s need to realize that the more they delegate now, the less time it will take to accomplish tasks later. Is that true? M: Right. Without delegation, managers run the risk of being a “doer“ rather than a “manager“. W: Can I understand this as “delegation is a ticket to ride free and have others to do
22、 your work“? M: Not exactly. It is rather a means for managers to focus on their true functions. 1. What is “management“ according to the man? 2. What does the function of organizing include according to the man? 3. What does the man think of conflicts? 4. Which statement does the man support? 1 【正确
23、答案】 A 【试题解析】 对话开头女士就请男士给 management下定义， A是男士的话的同义表达，为答案。 【知识模块】 听力 2 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 男士说到管理的组织功能时，说它意味着经理会决定要完成的 任务、谁来完成任务、如何分组和谁向谁汇报，等等， C属于他讲到的第一点，故C正确。 A属于管理的规划功能 (planning)， B属于领导功能 (leading)， D属于控制功能 (controlling)。 【知识模块】 听力 3 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 提到 conflict时，两人做了详细探讨，对于女士问的 “So you mean conflicts
24、can be good for an organization?”，男士的回答是 yes，故 C正确。 【知识模块】 听力 4 【正确 答案】 B 【试题解析】 男士在结尾处说，没有 delegation的话，经理可能会成为 doer，所以他不赞成这样做，即 B正确。对话中对 delegation一再提及并给出了一个定义，是一个需要格外重视的信息点。 【知识模块】 听力 5 【听力原文】 W: Interested in this book? This is our best seller this week. M: Best seller? I am considering what new
25、 ideas it gives about how to deal with the aggravating people. W: It asks people to quit complaining and do something. What surprises many people about this book is it suggests that the best thing to do is to change yourself because you are not going to change the other person. M: Really? Its “me“ t
26、hat has to change as opposed to the other person? W: Well, have you ever changed anybody? M: Ive tried many times. Its not really possible though. W: Thats right. M: But how can I do that? W: The book is here. Bring it back home and read it and you can find the answer. M: Before I pay my money I sho
27、uld be clear that this book is useful for me. I dont want to pay for it and then find I have paid for nothing. W: This book is definitely worth the money. The book even tells you how to deal with different types of workers, co-workers and bosses, from the most common annoying type to the worst kind.
28、 M: Give me the most common annoying type of co-worker. W: The most common annoying type of co-workers is called “boundary-busters“. So, its someone who invades your space, makes too much noise, eats up your time or chews your ear off. They are boundary-busters. M: And how do I deal with them? W: Ag
29、ain, sir, the book is here. Bring it back and read for the answer. M: It seems you know a lot about this book. Can I draw the conclusion that you fancy it? W: Well, frankly, I am the author. 5. What do we learn about the woman? 6. What is surprising about the book the woman recommends? 7. What kind
30、of person is the man? 8. What is a boundary-buster? 5 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 女士频频劝男士把书买回家好好读，最后说自己是作者，因此推断她在亲自推销自己的书，即 C。 【知识模块】 听力 6 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 选项描述的是某商品的特征，答案为明示信息，即 B。 A错在时间； C、 D未提及。 【知识模块】 听力 7 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 选项描述的是男士的特点，从他两次提及 pay，可见花钱很谨慎，故 A正确。 B、 D从原文内容无法推断； C利用与该书有关的原词 noise干扰。 【知识模块】 听力 8 【
31、正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 选项为某类人，对话中提到很多种人，但是详细定义的是被称作boundary-buster的，属于听到的明示信息。注意此题不要错误理解 chews your ear off(实指絮絮叨叨 )的字面意思而选 B。 【知识模块】 听力 Section B 9 【听力原文】 Last summer I went through a training program and became a literacy volunteer. The training I received, though excellent, did not tell me how it was to
32、work with a real student. When I began to discover what other peoples lives were like because they could not read, I realized the true importance of reading. My first student Marie was a 44-year-old single mother of three. In the first lesson, I found out that she walked two miles to the nearest sup
33、ermarket twice a week because she didnt know which bus to take. When I told her I would get her a bus schedule, she told me it would not help because she could not read it. She said she also had difficulty once she got to the supermarket because she couldnt always remember what she needed. Since she
34、 did not know words, she could not write out a shopping list. Also, she could only recognize items by sight, so if the product had a different label, she would not recognize it as the product she wanted. As we worked together, learning how to read built Maries self-confidence, which encouraged her t
35、o continue in her studies. She began to make rapid progress and was even able to take the bus to the supermarket. At the end of the program, she began helping her youngest son, Tony, a shy first grader, with his reading. As a literacy volunteer, I learned a great deal about teaching and helping othe
36、rs. In fact, I may have learned more from the experience than Marie did. 9. What did the speaker do last summer? 10. How did Marie use to find the goods she wanted in the supermarket? 11. How was Maries study during the summer? 9 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 推断题。录音开头提到，去年夏天我参加了一个培训课程，成为了一名扫盲志愿者。由此可以直接推知， speaker
37、在暑期里教别人识字，故 B正确。而且下文还有暗示： “我的第一位学生 Marie ”，这可以让考生更加肯定 B为正确答案。 D为强干扰项，错在 help一词上，应为 become才正确， speaker是要成为一名扫盲志愿者而不是帮助一位志愿者。虽然录音中提到 speaker的第一个学生是单亲妈妈，但并不表示他只帮助单亲妈妈， C属于过度推断，故不正确。 【知识模块】 听力 10 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 细节题。录音提到， Marie需要靠视觉来识别商品。由此可知， C正确。 D与文意相悖，因为 Marie是文盲，她并不识字。 【知识模块】 听力 11 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】
38、推断题。 speaker列举了 Marie通过学习所取得的一系列收获，如：自信心增强；能乘坐公车去超市；甚至能帮助自己的儿子学习等，故 A为正确答案。 B、 C的部分内容与录音原文不符，而且选项描述也比较片面、不完整，故均不正确。 【知识模块】 听力 12 【听力原 文】 In the past industries had more freedom than they have now, and they did not need to be as careful as they must today. They did not need to worry a lot about the s
39、afety of the new products that they developed. They did not have to pay much attention to the health and safety of the people who worked for them. Often new products were dangerous for the people who used them; often conditions in the work place had very bad effects on the health of the workers. Of
40、course sometimes there were real disasters which attracted the attention of government and which showed need for changes. Also scientists who were doing research into the health of the workers sometimes produced information which governments could not ignore. At such times, there were inquiries into
41、 the causes of the disaster or the problems. New safety rules were often introduced as a result of these inquiries; however, the new rules came too late to protect the people who had died or become seriously ill. Today many governments have special departments which protect customers and workers. In
42、 the U.S., for example, there is a department which tests new airplanes and gives warnings about possible problems. It also makes the rules that aircraft producers must follow. Another department controls the foods and drugs that companies sell. A third department looks at the places where people wo
43、rk, and then reports any companies that are breaking laws which protect the health and safety of workers. 12. Compared with todays industries, what were the industries in the past like? 13. What did the government do years ago? 14. What does the passage say about industries in the U.S. today? 15. Wh
44、at is the speaker mainly talking about? 12 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 细节题。短文首句就提到，在过去，工业生产的自由度比现在大，不必像现在这样小心行事， A为正确答案。 A只是对录音原文换了一种说法而已，符合 “同义替换 ”的解题原则。本题反映了比较级常为考点这个命题规律。 B、C与原文相悖。 【知识模块】 听力 13 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 推断题。短文提到，然而这些新的制度来得太迟了，无法保护那些已经死亡或病重的人了。由此可推断， rules多在事发后才出台，故 B正确。 【知识模块】 听力 14 【正确答 案】 B 【试题解析】 推
45、断题。短文末尾提到，另一个部门着眼于人们工作的地方，并会将那些违反工人健康安全法规的公司上报。由此可推断， B为正确答案。录音结尾处往往是考点所在。录音中举了 3个例子，但这并不表明只有 3个部门保护消费者及劳动者，故 A错误； C与原文不符； D与原文相悖。 【知识模块】 听力 15 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 主旨题。短文通过对工业生产的过去和现状的比较，着重论述了关于保护消费者和工人的不同状况：过去很糟糕，现在改善了很多，故 C正确。解答主旨题要从宏观角度去理解， 抓住主题句和脉络。通过录音反复出现的 safety、health、 rules、 work place、 protect
46、、 customers、 workers等关键词，不难推断出C正确。 A、 B、 D在录音中都有提及，但它们只是某些细节而已，并不是短文的主要话题。 【知识模块】 听力 Section C 16 【听力原文】 You are invited to a large party. Loud music is playing, and lots of people are dancing. Groups of people are mingling with each other, making small talk about many different topics. Which of the
47、se people sound most like you? Person A, who tries to talk to everyone and stays late, or Person B, who prefers to talk to only a few people and leaves early? If you said Person A, you are probably more extroverted. If you said Person B, you are probably more introverted. Or perhaps you are Person C
48、 and fall somewhere in the middle. Introvert and extrovert are two commonly used words to describe a persons personality. And they are also commonly misused and misunderstood. Introverts may be viewed as quiet, shy and timid. They may be called “wallflowers,“ meaning they are so quiet they blend in
49、with flowers on the wallpaper. Extroverts may be viewed as bold, confident, loud and full of energy. They are often called “alpha,“ meaning a leader of the group. Introverted and extroverted people may fit those descriptions. But these same descriptions do not define introversion and extroversion properly. Introverts and extroverts use their brains differently, and they get their energy differently. Introversion is the state of being mostly concerned with ones own mental life. Extroversion is the opposite. Extroversion is the state of being mostly concerned wi
