1、大学英语六级模拟试卷 121及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 1. 假如你是李静，你想向校长申请参加西部大开发，你要给校长写一封信，信的内容包括： 1表达自己想要参加西部大开发的愿望； 2简要说明自己的理由。 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the quest
2、ions attached to the passage. For questions 1-4, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 2 Pollution: A Life a
3、nd Death Issue One of the main themes of Planet under Pressure is the way many of the Earths environmental crises reinforce one another. Pollution is an obvious example-we do not have the option of growing food, or finding enough water, on a squeaky- clean planet, but on one increasingly tarnished a
4、nd trashed by the way we have used it so far. Cutting waste and clearing up pollution cost money. Yet time and again it is the quest for wealth that generates much of the mass in the first place. Living in a way that is less damaging to the Earth is not easy, but it is vital, because pollution is pe
5、rvasive and often life-threatening. Air: the World Health Organization (WHO) says three million people are killed worldwide by outdoor air pollution annually from vehicles and industrial emissions, and 1.6 million indoors through using solid fuel. Most are in poor countries. Water: diseases carried
6、in water are responsible for 80% of illnesses and deaths in developing countries, killing a child every eight seconds. Each year 2.1 million people die from diarrhoeal(痢疾的 ) diseases associated with poor water: Soil: contaminated land is a problem in industrialized countries, where former factories
7、and power stations can leave waste like heavy metals in the soil. It can also occur in developing countries, sometimes used for dumping pesticides. Agriculture can pollute land with pesticides, nitrate-rich fertilizers and slurry from livestock. And when the contamination reaches rivers it damages l
8、ife there, and can even create dead zones off the coast, as in the Gulf of Mexico. Chronic Problem Chemicals are a frequent pollutant. When we think of chemical contamination it is often images of events like Bhopal that come to mind. But the problem is widespread. One study says 7 20% of cancers ar
9、e attributable to poor air end pollution in homes and workplaces. The WHO, concerned about chemicals that persist and build up in the body, especially in the young, says we may “be conducting a large-scale experiment with childrens health“. Some man-made chemicals, endocrine (内分泌 ) disruptors like p
10、hthalates (酞酸盐 ) and nonylphenol-a breakdown product of spermicides (杀精子剂 ), cosmetics and detergents-are blamed for causing changes in the genitals of some animals. Affected species include polar bears-so not even the Arctic is immune. And the chemicals climb the food chain, from fish to mammals, a
11、nd to us. About 70,000 chemicals are on the market, with around 1,500 new ones appearing annually. At least 30,000 am thought never to have been comprehensively tested for theft possible risks to people. At fast glance, the plastic buckets stacked in the comer of the environmental NGO office look li
12、ke any others. But the containers are an unlikely weapon in one poor communitys fight against oil companies which they say are responsible for widespread ill-health caused by years of pollution. The vessels are used by a network of local volunteers, known as the Bucket Brigade, to gather air samples
13、 in neighborhoods bordering oil refineries, as part of a campaign to monitor and document air pollution which they believe is coming from the plants. In South Africa, as in many developing and newly industrialized countries, legislation on air pollution has failed to keep pace with mushrooming indus
14、tries. So local residents, like many in poor communities around the globe, have faced the problem of investigating their claim that industries on their doorsteps are making them sick. Trade-off But the snag is that modern society demands many of them, and some are essential for survival. So while we
15、 invoke the precautionary principle, which always recommends erring on the side of caution, we have to recognize there will be trade-offs m be made. The pesticide DDT does great damage to wildlife and can affect the human nervous system, but can also be effective against malaria(疟疾 ). Where does the
16、 priority lie? The industrialized world has not yet cleaned up the mess it created, but it is reaping the benefits of the pollution it has caused. It can hardly tell the developing countries that they have no right to follow suit. Another complication in tackling pollution is that it does not respec
17、t political frontiers. There is a U.N. convention on trans-boundary air pollution, but that cannot cover every problem that can arise between neighbors, or between states which do not share a border. Perhaps the best example is climate change-the countries of the world share one atmosphere, and what
18、 one does can affect everyone. For One and All One of the principles that are supposed to apply here is simple-the polluter pays. Sometimes it is obvious who is to blame and who must pay the price, but it is not always straightforward to work out just who is the polluter, or whether the rest of us w
19、ould be happy to pay the price of stopping the pollution. One way of cleaning up after ourselves would be to throw less away, designing products to be recycled or even just to last longer. Previous generations worked on the assumption that discarding our waste was a proper way to get rid of it, so w
20、e used to dump nuclear materials and other potential hazards at sea, confident they would be dispersed in the depths. We now think that is too risky because, as one author wrote, “theres no such place as away, and theres no such person as the other.“ Irritating Air Despite recent improvements, howev
21、er, the health problems are still there. A 2002 medical study, carried out by Durbans Nelson Mandela School of Medicine and a U.S. university, found that an abnormally high 52% of students and teachers at a primary school bordering the Engen plant suffered from asthma(哮喘 ). It found that increases i
22、n air pollution tended to aggravate asthma symptoms in children. The petrol producers do not dispute the findings but argue that researchers were unable to establish a causal link between air pollution and the high prevalence of asthma among the school population. For the community, the next step is
23、 to take legal action. But, according to internationally recognized environmentalist Bobby Peek, targeting the companies would be difficult as it would be near-impossible to prove that illnesses suffered were caused by pollution coming from a particular plant. Mr. Peek, who grew up beneath Engens st
24、acks, says the activists are now considering taking action against the authorities. “We are now looking at suing the government on constitutional grounds, for failing to ensure our right to protection from a harmful environment as stipulated in the constitution,“ he said. Legislative Change A new ba
25、tch(批 ) of environmental laws, the National Air Quality Management Act, has just been passed by the South African parliament to replace outdated 1965 legislation with fighter controls and tougher sanctions. Martinus van Schalkwyk, the minister of environmental affairs and tourism, visited the south
26、Durban basin earlier this year and said there were measures in place to improve the situation. “I share the anger and frustration of this community. It is long overdue,“ he told the South African Broadcasting Corporation. The local authorities have also established a “Multi-Point Plan“ for the area.
27、 They say it is a powerful model for tackling pollution and points to a 40% reduction in sulphur dioxide emissions in recent years. 2 According to World Health Organization, how many people am killed by outdoor air pollution? （ A） 3 million （ B） 2.1 million （ C） 1.6 million （ D） 3.2 million 3 Accord
28、ing to the passage, land can be polluted by _ from agriculture. （ A） heavy metals （ B） pesticides and nitrate-poor fertilizers （ C） slurry from livestock （ D） rubbish 4 What kind of animal affected by man-made chemicals is not referred in the passage? （ A） Polar bears. （ B） Mammals. （ C） People. （ D
29、） Birds. 5 What do local residents claim for? （ A） They are sick because of years of pollution. （ B） They are sick because of industries on their doorsteps. （ C） They are sick because of pesticides from agriculture. （ D） They are sick because of air pollution. 6 The pesticide DDT can be effective ag
30、ainst _. （ A） malaria （ B） wildlife （ C） animals （ D） human nervous system 7 There is a U. N. convention that can cover _. （ A） problem between neighbors （ B） problem between states which do not share a border （ C） problems on air pollution （ D） trans-boundary air pollution 8 What is not said to be
31、a way of cleaning up after ourselves? （ A） Throw less away. （ B） Design recycled products. （ C） Dont use it again. （ D） Last longer. 9 It found that increases in air pollution tended to _. 10 According to Bobby Peek, targeting the companies would be difficult as it would be near-impossible to prove
32、that illnesses suffered were caused by _. 11 Martinus van Schalkwyk, the minister of environmental affairs and tourism, visited the south Durban basin earlier this year and said there were measures in place to _. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long c
33、onversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which
34、 is the best answer. （ A） $9. （ B） $18. （ C） $12. （ D） $36. （ A） To his home. （ B） To her home. （ C） To go to the picnic. （ D） To go shopping. （ A） Take the medicine as she was directed to do. （ B） Schedule another appointment with her doctor. （ C） Stop taking the medicine. （ D） Rest her back for a
35、few days. （ A） They bought the motorbike. （ B） They had no timer （ C） They didnt want a refrigerator. （ D） Theres nothing wrong with the old one. （ A） Typing. （ B） Drawing a picture. （ C） Doing exercise. （ D） Playing the piano. （ A） Hell give the quiz at a later time. （ B） The quiz will be very shor
36、t. （ C） The quiz wont be ready until Thursday. （ D） Hell score the quiz quickly. （ A） He never does things early. （ B） He has already finished it. （ C） He isnt going to finish it. （ D） He will finish it in a few minutes. （ A） Business associates. （ B） Boss and secretary. （ C） Teacher and student. （
37、D） Good friends. （ A） He hiked along the Colorado River. （ B） He explored the Colorado River. （ C） He camped along the Colorado River. （ D） He visited the Colorado city. （ A） Because they want to sell canteens. （ B） Because they want to educate the tourists about park conditions. （ C） Because the to
38、urists may get sick or die from dehydration. （ D） Because the tourists may get lost. （ A） Became she had too many things with her. （ B） Because she was sick. （ C） Because she was quite lazy. （ D） Because she didnt want to get sick at high altitudes. （ A） Lower prices. （ B） More choices. （ C） More co
39、mpetition. （ D） More companies. （ A） Other American states. （ B） Foreign countries. （ C） Regions outside the city where people live. （ D） Other cities in the state where people live. （ A） Its nm by the government. （ B） It appeals to most people. （ C） It offers much choice. （ D） Its a monopoly. （ A）
40、Shell pay per minute. （ B） Shell pay a monthly service fee. （ C） Shell pay a yearly service fee. （ D） She wont have to pay. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spok
41、en only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） People can use nearly 75 percent of it. （ B） People can use about 97 percent of it. （ C） People can use exactly 3 percent of it. （ D） People can use less than 3 percent of it. （
42、A） We can invent ways of increasing rainfall. （ B） We can develop ways of reusing water and utilizing sea water. （ C） We can cut down our consumption of water. （ D） We can reduce the number of factories producing steel. （ A） By filtering sea water. （ B） By treating sea water with chemicals. （ C） By
43、taking salt out of sea water. （ D） By drying up sea water. （ A） Words and phrases. （ B） Culture. （ C） Individuals. （ D） Misunderstanding. （ A） Understand what their staff are feeling by understanding their body language. （ B） Learn more the cultural background of their staff through their body langu
44、age. （ C） Create good working conditions by using proper body language. （ D） Spend a lot of time in studying body language. （ A） It stands for hostility. （ B） It is not normal. （ C） It is an invasion of space （ D） It means intimacy between two people. （ A） On April 26, 1611. （ B） On April 23, 1611.
45、（ C） On April 26, 1616. （ D） On April 23, 1616. （ A） In 1585. （ B） In 1584. （ C） In 1583. （ D） In 1586. （ A） People know almost nothing about Shakespeares early life. （ B） Shakespeare was already well known before he went to London. （ C） People know a lot about Shakespeares life in London. （ D） Peop
46、le know only a little about Shakespeares life in London. （ A） Shakespeare was not interested in making a profit. （ B） Shakespeare could get one-tenth of the profits of the Globe Theater. （ C） Shakespeare, like his fellow writers, had no business sense. （ D） Shakespeares fellow writers shared the sam
47、e profits as he did. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43
48、with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 37 Taking your dog on vacation may have been 【 B1】 a decade ago, but today its f
49、ree. 【 B2】 the pet-friendly hotel, where dogs are just part of the family, the Loews Miami Beach has had more than 1,200 【 B3】 guests so far this year. Dogs, like kids, stay free there. A lot of people just want to travel with their animals, so the hotel 【 B4】 .guests to come with their pets. The hotel has a special 【 B5】 for them from the time they enter the door till the time they leave. There are fresh grapes by the pool for the discerning dog and a cup of ice cubes for the hot
