1、大学英语六级模拟试卷 138及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 Post-graduate Craze Cools Off No. of Post-graduate Test Takers in 1考研人数在持续上涨 10年后于 2007年开始减少。 2教研热降温的原因。 (收费改革；研究生就业难；用人单位重视工作经验 ) 3我们应该如何选择。 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will
2、 have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-4, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) i
3、f the information is not given in the passage. 2 The Green Campus If you attended this years commencement (毕业典礼 ) at Williams College in western Massachusetts, you probably sampled the fresh food made from locally produced, hormone-free milk. You might have tried the organic greens with edible cabba
4、ge blossoms or sampled the fresh asparagus (芦笋 ) all from nearby farms. These dishes not only tasted better than standard ones but also saved fossil fuels normally used to ship food long distances. Disposable plates and cutlery were nowhere to be found, reducing trash by 80 percent. And the rare dis
5、posable items were eco-friendly. “We used compostable paper napkins and biodegradable straws,“ says Stephanie Boyd, who helped organize the “green commencement“ as part of her job as chair of Williamss climate-action committee. It was not only aimed to impress parents. More and more colleges are get
6、ting serious about going green. In June, 284 university presidents representing some of the nations most influential schools announced an agreement pledging to make their campuses “carbon neutral“. The message was clear. “Were saying that sustainability is no longer an elective,“ says Cornell presid
7、ent David Skorton. Their motivation wasnt merely to reduce energy consumption and waste. As a $ 315 billion sector of the economy-and one that will train future leaders-higher education has a special responsibility to encourage environmental stewardship. The university presidents hope that even stud
8、ents who dont pursue increasingly popular majors in environmental studies will learn simply from being on a green campus, living in green buildings, eating sustainable food and absorbing everyday messages of conservation. And who knows? Far-reaching environmental programs may create an air of excite
9、ment that attracts applicants. “In the long run, students will say, why would I want to go to a school that doesnt care about this?“ says Michael Crow, president of Arizona State University, which has. made a major commitment to sustainability. At Harvard, going green starts before students even arr
10、ive on campus, when freshmen receive mailings urging them to buy only energy-efficient refrigerators for their dorm rooms and purchase compact fluorescent (发荧光的 ) bulbs, which use an average of 18 Watts apiece instead of 75. But some of the most effective lobbying comes from students themselves. Har
11、vard pays 20 undergraduates to help get the green message out to fellow students in a fun way. That might mean whipping up a competition between residential houses to win the coveted Green Cup for the greatest energy reductions and biggest increases in recycling. Or it could be organizing trash-free
12、 dances or green movie nights (“Who Killed the Electric Car?“) with free ice cream for anyone who brings a recyclable bowl. One day a year, students collect trash from Harvard Yard and pile it into a single heap, called “Mount Trashmore“. The giant mound (垛 ) reminds students how much they are throw
13、ing away and how much waste they could avoid by recycling. Students even compete to come up with the best ecothemed cartoons. This years second-place winner showed Marilyn Monroe with her iconic billowing skirt under the caption wind does great things. The fun adds up to serious savings. “Energy use
14、 in the dorms has decreased 15 percent over the past few years, and recycling has risen 40 percent,“ says Leith Sharp, head of the Harvard Green Campus Initiative. At many schools, the construction of a new building is another chance to push green solutions. “What message does a conventional campus
15、send?“ asks David Orr, who teaches environmental studies at Oberlin. “It sends the message that energy is cheap and plentiful. “At Oberlin and other colleges, administrators are seeking to reverse that message with energy-efficient buildings. The Lewis Center at Oberlin, opened in 2000, was one of t
16、he firsts. Its powered entirely by solar arrays, which produce 30 percent more energy than the building consumes-and this is in cloudy Ohio. Sensors throughout the building monitor energy use. And all wastewater is purified on site in a “living machine“, an artificial wetland with carefully selected
17、 tropical plants and microorganisms that filter the water. Located in the buildings lobby, the living machine looks like a greenhouse. “Youd have no clue its a wastewater system,“ says Orr. It even includes an indoor waterfall, powered by the sun, with 600 gallons of water flowing across a rocky sur
18、face. As long as the sun is shining, the water flows. Orr credits the building with having helped to inspire hundreds of Oberlin students to choose professions in eco-design, architecture and related fields-including Sadhu Johnston ,class of 1998, who joined other students in brainstorming ideas for
19、 the new building and who now works as environment commissioner of Chicago, If buildings can influence people, so can something as profound as the food we eat. Melina Shannon-DiPietro of the Yale Sustainable Food Project says she tries to“ seduce students into the sustainable-food movement“ with tas
20、ty dishes. Favorites include grass-feel-beef burgers from a nearby farmers cooperative and pizzas made with organic flour, tomatoes. In all, 40 percent of the universitys menu items now come from local organic farms. “Most food travels 1 500 miles before we eat it,“ she says. “It doesnt taste fresh,
21、 and transporting it long distances adds to the universitys carbon footprint. “Eating locally and organically solves those problems. And, as students learn from placards in the dining halls, the benefits dont stop there. “Connecticut loses farmland at the rate of 8 000 to 9 000 acres a year, “says S
22、hannon-DiPietro,“ Supporting local farmers help maintain a working agricultural landscape.“ For those who want to go the extra carbon-neutral mile and formally study the environment, the possibilities are expanding. Sustainability has become a multidisciplinary field that goes beyond ecology and bio
23、diversity to embrace architecture, engineering, urban planning, economics and public health. Arizona State has just opened an entire School of Sustainability that will start taking undergraduates in the fall of 2008, drawing faculty from 25 departments. “Sustainability is the linchpin,“ says Oberlin
24、s Orr. “If you get it right, it reduces dependence on Middle East oil, cuts carbon emissions, takes care of pollution, reduces health-care costs associated with pollution, and creates jobs.“ ASU is now working on the employment aspect, setting up a high-tech business park to draw innovative, eco-ori
25、ented businesses from around the world and to provide internships and, ultimately, employment for students. Early occupants include a Chinese water-purification company and a firm making lenses that focus more sunshine onto solar panels, generating added power for less money. As vigorously as colleg
26、es are encouraging students to research environmental problems, students are prodding colleges to purchase renewable energy and set ambitious carbon targets. In part because of student lobbying, Middlebury College in Vermont adopted a goal of carbon neutrality by 2016, says Nan Jenks-Jay, dean of en
27、vironmental affairs. “Students were telling us, youre not doing enough, “she says. Undergraduates at dozens of schools have gone so far as to vote for increases in their activities fees to help finance green initiatives. At St. Marys College of Maryland, for example, 93 percent of students voted las
28、t spring for a $ 25 annual increase in fees, which will raise approximately $ 45 000 a year for the purchase of renewable energy. There is, of course, room for improvement. “Not a single campus is even close to achieving sustainability at this point, “says Richard Olson of Kentuckys Berea College, w
29、hich aims to reduce its energy consumption 45 percent below 2000 levels by 2015. “Colleges need to get out ahead and model truly sustainable behavior to society.“ Many students are helping to do just that. 2 The passage is mainly about why and how to plant more trees to make universities become gree
30、n. 3 The major aim of the agreement made by 284 universities is merely to reduce energy consumption and waste. 4 Students in Harvard are encouraged to use bulbs of 18 watts apiece. 5 The “Mount Trashmore“ program has been adopted by many universities. 6 Those conventional buildings require improveme
31、nt because they reveal that energy is 7 The Lewis Center at Oberlin is an energy-efficient building and the major energy resource of it is from 8 The grass-fed-beef burgers in the Yale Sustainable Food Project have been bought from _. 9 Sustainability has a broader meaning now, including ecology and
32、 biodiversity architecture, engineering, rban planning, etc. , and it has become a _. 10 Undergraduates at dozens of schools have gone so far as to vote for increases in their activities fees to have more money for _. 11 The aim of Kentuckys Berea College about green campus is to reduce its energy c
33、onsumption 45 percent below 2000 levels by _. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only onc
34、e. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） Drive in the wind and rain. （ B） Listen to John. （ C） Go to an indoor theater. （ D） See a film. （ A） The ladder was borrowed away at that tin
35、ge. （ B） The lower branches didnt have any green apples. （ C） The apples on the top branches werent ripe. （ D） There are less apples in the upper braches at that time. （ A） In the subway. （ B） In the movie house. （ C） In line outside. （ D） Somewhere else. （ A） Sell his text books. （ B） Get some extr
36、a help. （ C） Go to the bank. （ D） Apply for the job （ A） Riding a horse. （ B） Shooting a movie. （ C） Playing a game. （ D） Apply for the job （ A） Gas station. （ B） Police station. （ C） Lost and found department. （ D） Bat. （ A） She prefers the stadium. （ B） She agrees with the man. （ C） The light isnt
37、 bright enough. （ D） The dining hall isnt large enough. （ A） Use less soap. （ B） Wash off the soap more thoroughly. （ C） Use a moisturizing cream. （ D） Switch brands of soap. （ A） She feels terribly upset by losing her leather boots. （ B） She is still excited at the news shes just got. （ C） She is v
38、iolently horrified by the sudden loot. （ D） She feels extremely disgusted by the mans disturbance. （ A） Require working part time and sponging off relatives. （ B） Provide the round-trip transportation fee to students. （ C） Offer stipend for vacation expenses and miscellaneous costs. （ D） Cover tuiti
39、on, room and board for an academic year. （ A） The womans father might be a writer on IJterature. （ B） The womans father is teaching English as a foreign language. （ C） The womans father is a tutor in Education. （ D） The womans father must be an adviser of masters degree. （ A） In a studio. （ B） In a
40、store. （ C） At the fashion show. （ D） At the park. （ A） Because he is a bus driver who doesnt have that money. （ B） Because he thought it was a mad action which wasted time and money. （ C） Because he didnt believe it can earn money. （ D） Because he got mixed feelings when playing these games. （ A） C
41、omputers are here to stay. （ B） Computer thing will be over soon. （ C） She has to be involved in computer programming. （ D） Her job concerning computers is monotonous. （ A） Sally is a hard-working girl. （ B） Its a rather Incredible success story. （ C） Sally is a down-to-earth young computer programm
42、er. （ D） Sally is a well-done girl and does the job very well. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the
43、best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） Until he eats it. （ B） At least thirty minutes. （ C） All day. （ D） No more than thirty minutes. （ A） A young one. （ B） A small one. （ C） A big one. （ D） An old one. （ A） 3 （ B） 4 （ C） 2 （ D） 1 （ A） They have to go to work early in the morn
44、ing. （ B） They have a reputation for good humor. （ C） They have to do a difficult job. （ D） They earn only a little money. （ A） When he has to do his work on foot. （ B） When he has to walk up and down stairs. （ C） When he is sometimes greeted in an unpleasant way. （ D） When he has a registered lette
45、r. （ A） He rides a bike or drives a van to work. （ B） He had fewer problems than his counterpart in the city. （ C） He need not work if the weather is bad. （ D） He has to fight against dangerous dogs every day. （ A） They were too busy working to learn to read. （ B） Their owners were afraid they could
46、 read. （ C） They had no one to teach them to read. （ D） They thought reading was not necessary. （ A） They were severely punished. （ B） They were treated well. （ C） They were sold to another white man. （ D） They were given different work. （ A） Some slaves were brought to America in the 20th century.
47、（ B） Slaves were not treated as people. （ C） Being brutal to slaves was against the law. （ D） No slave owner was ever punished for their brutality. （ A） There were laws that protected the rights of slaves. （ B） Nobody in the U. S. disagreed with slavery before 1800. （ C） There was progress in the op
48、position to slavery. （ D） The end of the Civil War enabled blacks to enjoy equality Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time,
49、 you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 37 Many countries exist in this world. How to deal with the problems among them? So comes with the international communities. A major global 【 B1】 group on Sunday called for member countries of the Worl
