1、大学英语六级模拟试卷 436及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entitled On Food Safety Issues. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below: 1. 食品安全的现状 2. 造成食品安全问题 的原因 3. 我们应该如何应对 On Food Safety Issues 二、 Part II
2、 Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-4, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (f
3、or NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Part Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and, answer the question
4、s on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Natural-gas Vehicles Kermit the Frog once said,“ Its not that easy being green. “Although he wasnt refe
5、rring to cars, his observation seems particularly appropriate for the auto industry today: designing, developing and marketing “green“ cars has not been an easy task, which is why gasoline-powered vehicles still rule the world and fossil fuels still account for almost 75 percent of the worlds energy
6、 consumption. As gasoline soar and concern over harmful emission mounts, however, cars that run on alternate fuel sources will become increasingly important. A natural-gas vehicle, or NGV, is the perfect example of such a car - its fuel-efficient, environmentally friendly and offers a relatively low
7、 cost of ownership. Natural gas basics The word“ gas“ is a confusing term because it is used to describe many different substances that are similar but not exactly the same. For example, the“ gas“ you put in your car is gasoline, one component of crude oil, or petroleum. Petroleum is a dark, sticky
8、liquid mixture of compounds formed underground by the decay of ancient marine animals. Natural gas also comes from the decay of ancient organisms, but it naturally takes a gaseous form instead of a liquid form. Natural gas commonly occurs in association with crude oil. It is derived from both land p
9、lants and aquatic (水生的 ) organic matter and forms above or below oil deposits. It is often dissolved in crude oil at the high pressures existing in a reservoir. There are also reservoirs of natural gas, known as non-associated gas, that contain only gas and no oil. Natural gas consists primarily of
10、methane (沼气 ) and other hydrocarbon gases. Hydrocarbons are organic compounds composed only of the elements carbon and hydrogen. The hydrocarbons in natural gas are called saturated hydrocarbons (饱和烃 ) because they contain hydrogen and carbon bound together by single bonds. Like gasoline, natural ga
11、s is combustible (易燃的 ) ,which means it can be used in a combustion engine like gasoline. But cars that could burn natural gas didnt appear on the scene until the 1930s. From field to ford We extract natural gas trapped in underground reservoirs by drilling wells into the earth. A modem well, equipp
12、ed with diamond-studded drill bits, can drill to depths approaching 25,000 feet. Throughout the 19th century, the use of natural gas remained localized because there was no way to transport large quantities of gas over long distances. In 1890, the invention of a leakproof pipeline coupling made it p
13、ossible to transport gas miles from the source. Improvements in pipeline technology continued over the next two decades until long-distance gas transmission became practical. From 1927 to 1931, laborers constructed more than 10 major natural gas transmission systems in the United States, making natu
14、ral gas a viable energy source for many applications. The oil shortages of the late 1960s and early 1970s brought renewed interest in natural gas as a fuel source, especially for automobiles. Today, owners of natural-gas vehicles can fill up their cars at one of 1,300 fueling stations located in the
15、 United States. Honda also offers a personal natural gas pump to people who purchase its natural-gas-powered Civic. The pump uses a homes existing natural gas lines and can be installed for 500 to 1,500. Natural-gas vehicle design Natural-gas vehicles use the same basic principles as gasoline-powere
16、d vehicles. In other words, the fuel ( natural gas in this case) is mixed with air in the cylinder of a four-stroke engine and then ignited by a spark plug to move a piston (活塞 ) up and down. Although there are some differences between natural gas and gasoline in terms of flammability and ignition t
17、emperatures, NGVs themselves operate on the same fundamental concepts as gasoline-powered vehicles. Still, some modifications are required to make an NGV work efficiently. These changes are primarily in the fuel storage tank, the engine and the chassis (底盘 ). Advantages The biggest advantage of NGVs
18、 is that they reduce environmentally harmful emissions. Natural-gas vehicles can achieve up to a 93 percent reduction in carbon monoxide emissions, 33 percent reduction in emissions of various oxides of nitrogen and a 50 percent reduction in reactive hydrocarbons when compared to gasoline vehicles.
19、NGVs also rate higher in particulate matter 10 (PM10) emissions. PM10 particles transport and deposit toxic materials through the air. NGVs that operate in diesel applications can reduce PM10 emissions by a factor of 10. Natural-gas vehicles also offer these benefits: NGVs are safer. The fuel storag
20、e tanks on an NGV are thicker and stronger than gasoline or diesel tanks. There has not been an NGV fuel-tank rupture in more than two years in the United States. Natural gas costs are lower than gasoline. On average, natural gas costs one-third less than gasoline at the pump. Natural gas is conveni
21、ent and abundant.-A well-established, pipeline infrastructure exists in the United States to deliver natural gas to almost every urban area and most suburban areas. There are more than 1,300 NGV fueling stations in the United States, and more are being added every day. Natural gas prices have exhibi
22、ted significant stability compared to oil prices. Historically, natural gas prices have exhibited significant price stability compared to the prices of petroleum-based fuels. This stability makes it easier to plan accurately for long-term costs. NGVs have lower maintenance costs. Because natural gas
23、 burns so cleanly, it results in less wear and tear on the engine and extends the time between tune-ups and oil changes. Disadvantages One of the biggest complaints about NGVs is that they arent as roomy as gasoline cars. This is because NGVs have to give up precious cargo and trunk space to accommo
24、date the fuel storage cylinders. Not only that, these cylinders can be expensive to design and build - a contributing factor to the higher overall costs of a natural-gas vehicle compared to a gasoline-powered car. Another drawback is the limited driving range of NGVs, which is typically about half t
25、hat of a gasoline-powered vehicle. For example, Hondas natural gas Civic, the Civic GX, can go up to 220 miles without refueling. A typical gasoline-powered Civic can go approximately 350 miles without refueling. If a dedicated NGV ran out of fuel on the road, it would have to be towed to the owners
26、 home or to a local natural gas refueling station, which might be harder to find than a “regular“ gas station. Finally, it should be noted that natural gas, like gasoline, is a fossil fuel and cannot be considered a renewable resource. While natural gas reserves in the United States are still consid
27、erable, they are not inexhaustible. Some predict that there are enough natural gas reserves remaining to last another 67.1 years, assuming that the 2003 level of production continues. 2 The gasoline-powered vehicles are prevalent as a result of _. （ A） comparatively low price of fossil fuels （ B） re
28、ducing less harmful emissions （ C） difficult tasks to design, develop and sale “green“ cars （ D） high fuel efficiency and protecting environment 3 What is the principal constituent of natural gas? （ A） Carbon and hydrogen. （ B） Methane and other hydrocarbon gases. （ C） Saturated hydrocarbons. （ D） N
29、on-associated gas. 4 The first car that could use natural gas as power in the combustion engine emerged in the history came out in _. （ A） the 19th century （ B） the 1930s （ C） the late 1960s （ D） the early 1970s 5 Why did people reconsider to make natural gas as a fuel source in the late 1960s and e
30、arly 1970s? （ A） Because the price of gasoline was high. （ B） Because natural-gas vehicles are much faster than other vehicles. （ C） Because people made much account of environmental protection. （ D） Because it was short of oil. 6 In the United States, the fueling stations offering for filling natur
31、al gas have reached to _. （ A） 1,300 （ B） 500 （ C） 1,500 （ D） 2,500 7 The piston of a natural-gas vehicle moves up and down by the power of _. （ A） the spark plug （ B） the four-stroke engine （ C） the air in the cylinder （ D） the heat of natural-gas burning 8 Compared to gasoline-powered cars, the na
32、tural-gas vehicles possess the unparalleled benefit of _. （ A） reduction in carbon monoxide emissions （ B） reduction in emissions of oxides of nitrogen （ C） reduction in particulate matter 10 （ D） reduction in environmentally harmful emissions 9 Natural gas burns so cleanly that the owners of the na
33、tural-gas vehicles have _. 10 NGVs arent as roomy as gasoline cars because they have to give up cargo and trunk space to accommodate _. 11 Both natural gas and gasoline can not be considered renewable resources, because they are _. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short convers
34、ations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and
35、D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） Boss and secretary. （ B） Husband and wife. （ C） Colleagues. （ D） Friends. （ A） He has broken up with his wife. （ B） He has a great marriage. （ C） He has a tough relationship with his wife. （ D） He has got married for two years. （ A） It will be the most fa
36、ntastic one. （ B） It will be the same as the previous ones. （ C） It depends on the mans scores in the exams. （ D） It will be spent in Tibet. （ A） On the street. （ B） In a park. （ C） At a museum. （ D） In the police station. （ A） Its terrible. （ B） Its valuable. （ C） Its awesome. （ D） Its one of her f
37、avorites. （ A） They are going to Michaels. （ B） They are at Michaels. （ C） They will go home by subway. （ D） They will treat Michael. （ A） She wont go to play tennis. （ B） She cant play tennis. （ C） She doesnt like doing sports. （ D） She is not good at playing tennis. （ A） The style doesnt fit her w
38、ell. （ B） The color suits her. （ C） It is a little bit expensive. （ D） It goes with her shoes. （ A） Annoying and dislikable. （ B） Annoying but common. （ C） Common and acceptable. （ D） Impolite but common. （ A） At the gym. （ B） At a restaurant. （ C） In the park. （ D） On the street. （ A） Bending the e
39、lbows as low as possible. （ B） Keeping the body straight. （ C） Bending the body at the waist. （ D） Keeping the feet to the floor. （ A） Host and guest. （ B） Hostess and guest. （ C） Interview and interviewee. （ D） Reporter and movie star. （ A） He was housed by Emma Thompson five years ago. （ B） He has
40、 graduated from an England university. （ C） He has become a British citizen. （ D） He will be 15 years old in April. （ A） Easy and funny. （ B） Easy and interesting. （ C） Hard and ridiculous. （ D） Hard and meaningful. （ A） She will be making Nanny McPhee . （ B） She will celebrate it for a whole year.
41、（ C） She will go to England. （ D） She will write a song for herself. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choos
42、e the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） It was settled more than 300 years ago. （ B） Alexander Graham Bell visited there. （ C） A large number of its residents were deaf. （ D） Each family living there had many children. （ A） To establish his laboratory. （ B） To have a vacat
43、ion. （ C） To visit members of his family. （ D） To study deafness among the families. （ A） The patterns of marriage have changed. （ B） Many deaf people have regained their hearing. （ C） Most of the original population have left the island. （ D） The island has become famous for its research facilities
44、. （ A） A warm sun. （ B） A clean sea. （ C） A delicious meal of seafood. （ D） A sandy beach. （ A） 33 pounds per square inch. （ B） 14.7 pounds per square inch. （ C） 600 pounds per square inch. （ D） 280 pounds per square inch. （ A） The pressure that people get. （ B） The cold and darkness. （ C） The great
45、est one is breathing. （ D） The beach is not clean. （ A） Why people hold back their tears. （ B） Why people cry. （ C） How to restrain ones tears. （ D） How tears are produced. （ A） What chemicals tears are composed of. （ B） Whether crying really helps us feel better. （ C） Why some people tend to cry mo
46、re often than others. （ D） How tears help people cope with emotional problems. （ A） Only one out of four girls cries less often than boys. （ B） Of four boys, only one cries very often. （ C） Girls cry four times as often as boys. （ D） Only one out of four babies doesnt cry often. （ A） Only humans res
47、pond to emotions by shedding tears. （ B） Only humans shed tears to get rid of irritating stuff in their eyes. （ C） Only human tears can resist invading bacteria. （ D） Only human tears can discharge certain chemicals. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When th
48、e passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in
49、the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 Microsoft is a world-known corporation and its main product is software. The man who will soon be come Microsofts new chief【 B1】 _ officer, Steve Ballmer, said on Thursday that it would be“【 B2】 _ reckless and irresponsible“ to break up the massive【 B3】 _ firm. “I think it would be absolutely reckless and【 B4】 _ for anyone to try to break up this company,”Bal
