1、大学英语六级模拟试卷 672 及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Secondhand Goods Transaction. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below: 1. 二手物品的交换越来越多 ； 2. 对此人们态度褒贬不一； 3. 你的观点 Secondhand Goods Transaction 二
2、、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-4, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the pass
3、age; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Automation The term automation was coined around 1946 by the automobile industry to describe the increased use of automatic devices and controls in
4、mechanized production lines. Today, it is widely used in a manufacturing context but is also applied outside of manufacturing in connection with a variety of systems in which there is a significant substitution of mechanical, electrical, or computerized action for human effort and intelligence. An o
5、peration is commonly described as automated if it is Substantially more automatic than its predecessor. In its most general usage, automation can be defined as a technology concerned with carrying out a process by means of programmed commands combined with the automatic feedback of data relating to
6、the execution of those commands. The resulting system is capable of operating without human intervention. The development of this technology has become increasingly dependent on the use of computers and computer-related technologies. As a consequence, automated systems have become sophisticated and
7、complex. Advanced systems of this sort now represent a level of capability and performance that surpass in many ways the abilities of humans to accomplish the same activities. Automation technology has matured to a point where a number of other technologies have developed from it and have achieved a
8、 recognition and status of their own. Robotics is one such technology. It is a specialized branch of automation in which the automated machine possesses certain characteristics. The most typical humanlike characteristic of a modern industrial robot is its powered mechanical arm. The robots arm can b
9、e programmed to do a sequence of motions to perform useful tasks, such as loading and unloading parts at a production machine or making a sequence of spot-welds on the body of an automobile. The robot will repeat the motion pattern until it is reprogrammed to perform some alternative task. As these
10、examples of robot applications suggest, an industrial robot is typically used to replace a human worker in a factory operation. The field of robotics has its roots in the development of automation technology. Numerical control (NC) and telecherics are two important areas of technology that constitut
11、e the foundations of robotics technology. Over the years, the social merits of automation have been argued by labour leaders, government officials, business executives, and college professors. No doubt the biggest controversy has focused on the employment issue: What is the effect of automation on e
12、mployment? There are other important aspects of the automation issue as well, including its effect on productivity, economic competition, education, and quality of life. The advantages commonly attributed to automation include increased production rates, more efficient use of materials, better produ
13、ct quality, improved safety, shorter workweeks for labour, and reduction of factory lead times. Automated machines are usually designed to operate at higher production rates than humans are capable of achieving. This increased productivity has been one of the biggest reasons for justifying the adopt
14、ion of automated systems. Notwithstanding the claims of high quality from good workmanship by humans, automated systems are generally capable of carrying out the manufacturing process with less variability that humans make, thus yielding greater control and consistency of product quality. In additio
15、n, the increased process control makes possible more efficient use of materials, resulting in less waste. Automated manufacturing systems often, remove workers from the workplace, thus safeguarding them against hazards in the work environment. In the United States, the Occupational Safety and Health
16、 Act of 1970 (OSHA) was enacted with the objective of making work safer and protecting the physical well-being of the worker on a national scale. OSHA has had the effect of promoting the use of automation and robotics in the factory. Another of the benefits of automation noted above is the reduction
17、 in the number of hours worked on average per week by factory workers. Around the turn of the century, the average workweek was about 70 hours. This has gradually been reduced, so that today the standard workweek in the United States is about 40 hours. Mechanization and automation have played a sign
18、ificant role in this reduction. Finally, the time required to process a typical job through the factory is generally reduced with automation. Referred to as the manufacturing lead time, this is the amount of time between the beginning of a project or process and the appearance of its results. Among
19、the major disadvantages associated with automation is worker dislocation. This problem was touched upon earlier. Whatever the ultimate social benefits that might result from retraining displaced workers for other (perhaps more skilled) jobs, in almost all cases the worker whose job is taken over by
20、a machine suffers considerable personal stress. In addition to displacement from work, the worker may be displaced geographically. To find other work, an individual may have to relocate, which is itself another source of emotional stress. Another significant disadvantage associated with automation i
21、s high capital expenditure. Automated systems can cost millions of dollars to design, fabricate, and put into operation. Still other problems characteristic of automated equipment include a higher level of maintenance than is required by manually operated hardware and an inherent lack of flexibility
22、 in terms of the variety of products that can be produced. Also, automation is not without its potential dangers. As often suggested in works of science fiction, the technology associated with automation might ultimately subjugate rather than serve humankind. There is a possibility that workers will
23、 become slaves to automated machines, that the privacy of humans will be invaded by vast computer data banks, that human error in the management of technology will somehow endanger the health of civilization, and that society will become completely dependent on automation for its economic well-being
24、. 2 The foundations of robotics technology is mainly composed of the technology of numerical control. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 Telecherics is concerned with the use of remote manipulators controlled by humans. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 To accomplish the same activities, the capability and performance o
25、f advanced automated systems now do better in many ways than human abilities. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 For a long time, the effect of automation on employment is the point at issue among labour leaders, government officials, business executives, and college professors. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 The dis
26、advantages associated with automation are _ and _ and its potential dangers. 7 The reduced _ is an advantage attributed to automation. 8 Robotics is a technology _. 9 The use of computers and computer-related technologies are more and more important _. 10 That workers will become slaves to automated
27、 machines is _. 11 The robots arm can _ the body of an automobile. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions wi
28、ll be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） He thought the womans birthday was next week. （ B） The restaurant closes early during the week. （ C） The woman should fi
29、nd out if she can reserve a table. （ D） He wont be able to go with the woman. （ A） She needs more time to get ready for the dinner. （ B） She thought the dinner was at another time. （ C） She forgot about the plans she made for dinner. （ D） She wont be able to go to dinner. （ A） Linda didnt like it. （
30、 B） Bill lost it. （ C） It was very expensive. （ D） It was very small. （ A） She left the lecture for a few minutes. （ B） She was reading during the lecture. （ C） She may have fallen asleep. （ D） She misunderstood the speakers last points. （ A） 40 minutes. （ B） 50 minutes. （ C） 45 minutes. （ D） 55 min
31、utes. （ A） She decided to buy a gold necklace. （ B） She decided to buy a pair of gold earrings. （ C） She decided to buy a pair of gold earrings and necklace. （ D） She decides to buy a pair of silver earrings. （ A） During literature class. （ B） The next day. （ C） In about an hour. （ D） Before literat
32、ure class. （ A） Where the man heard the news. （ B） How the man feels about the news. （ C） If the man is going to lose his job. （ D） If the man is going to the company. （ A） It is close to the school. （ B） It is quiet and good for sleep. （ C） It has convenient facilities. （ D） The rental agreement is
33、 good. （ A） Frank. （ B） Modest. （ C） Roundabout. （ D） Confident. （ A） Money is important. （ B） Responsibility means more than salary. （ C） High salary secures better performance. （ D） Future income is more important than starting salary. （ A） Motivation and teamwork. （ B） Can do spirit. （ C） Honesty
34、 and responsibility. （ D） Hard-working and cooperation. （ A） Clearer wording. （ B） Civilization. （ C） Communication. （ D） Tolerance. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions wil
35、l be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） They are willing to donate their faces. （ B） They are concerned about moral problems. （ C） They would accept the idea of face transplant. （ D） They have no clue what fac
36、e transplant means. （ A） To tell what “high tech“ and “state of the art“ are. （ B） To tell how “high tech“ and “state of the art“ have developed. （ C） To give examples of high tech. （ D） To describe the modern technology. （ A） Britain. （ B） The United States. （ C） France. （ D） Japan. （ A） Because of
37、 the technology progress. （ B） Because of the computer revolution. （ C） Because of the invention of computer. （ D） Because of microwave ovens. （ A） The care and proper selection of dogs in a family. （ B） Different breeds of dogs. （ C） Responsibility for seeing that dogs are properly cared for. （ D）
38、Different books about dogs. （ A） It is proper for the parents to feed the dogs. （ B） His parents should decide what breed of dog to buy if their children want one. （ C） The parents are to blame if the dogs axe not properly looked after. （ D） The family members should attend the dogs together. （ A） F
39、rom the ASPCA. （ B） From the library. （ C） By buying a dog from a store. （ D） By reading hooks about dogs including puppy training. （ A） They are big and capable of attacking. （ B） They serve their owners as friends and guards. （ C） They make most people afraid. （ D） They axe easy to take care of. S
40、ection C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words y
41、ou have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 32 The essential problem of man in a computerized age remains the same as it has always been. That pro
42、blem is not【 B1】 _ how to be more productive, more comfortable, more content, but how to be more sensitive and more sensible, and more【 B2】 _ . The computer makes possible a phenomenal leap in human【 B3】 _ ; it demolishes the fences around the practical and even the【 B4】 _ intelligence. But the ques
43、tion【 B5】 _ and indeed grows whether the computer will make it easier or harder for human beings to know who they really are, to identify their real problems, to respond more fully to beauty, to place adequate value on life, and to make their world safer than it now is. Electronic brains can reduce
44、the profusion of dead ends involved in vital research. But they cant【 B6】 _ the foolishness and decay that come from the unexamined life. Nor do they connect a man to the things he has to be connected to - tile reality of pain in others; the possibilities of creative growth in himself; the memory of
45、 the race; and the rights of the next generation. The reason why these matters are important in a computerized age is that there may be a【 B7】 _ to mistake data for wisdom, just as there has always been a tendency to【 B8】_ logic with values, and intelligence with insight.【 B9】 _ . Facts are terrible
46、 things if left sprawling and unattended. 【 B10】 _ “It requires a very unusual mind“, Whitehead said, “to undertake the analysis of a fact.“ 【 B11】 _ . 33 【 B1】 34 【 B2】 35 【 B3】 36 【 B4】 37 【 B5】 38 【 B6】 39 【 B7】 40 【 B8】 41 【 B9】 42 【 B10】 43 【 B11】 Section A Directions: In this section, there is
47、 a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for
48、 each item with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. 43 Theres no question that the Earth is getting hotter. The real questions are: How much of the warming is our fault, and are we【 C1】 _ to slow the devastation by controlling our insatiable
49、【 C2】 _ for fossil fuels? Global warming can seem too【 C3】 _ to worry about, or too uncertainsomething projected by the same computer【 C4】 _ that often cant get next weeks weather right. On a raw winter day you might think that a few degrees of warming wouldnt be such a bad thing anyway. And no doubt about it: Warnings about【 C5】 _ change can sound like an environmentalist scare tactic, meant to force us out of our
