1、大学英语六级模拟试卷 802及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled My View on School Uniform. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below. 1人们对于 “穿校服 ”褒贬不一 2支持者 和反对者各有说法 3我的观点 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Ski
2、mming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-4, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement con
3、tradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Emergency Rooms Millions of Americans visit an emergency room each year. Millions more have seen the hit TV show “ER“. This has sparked a great interest in the fascinating, 24-hour-a-d
4、ay, non-stop world of emergency medicine. A visit to the emergency room can be a stressful, scary event. Why is it so scary? First of all, there is the fear of not knowing what is wrong with you. There is the fear of having to visit an unfamiliar place filled with people you have never met. Also, yo
5、u may have to undergo tests that you do not understand at a pace that discourages questions and comprehensions. In this article, we lead you through a complete behind-the-scenes tour of a typical emergency room. You will learn about the normal flow of traffic in an emergency room, the people involve
6、d and the special techniques used to respond to life-or-death situations. If you yourself find the need to visit an emergency room, this article will make it less stressful by revealing what will happen and why things happen the way they do in an emergency department. Understanding the ER Maze The c
7、lassic emergency room scene involves an ambulance screeching a halt, a gurney hurtling through the hallway and five people frantically working to save a persons life with only seconds to spare. This does happen and is not uncommon, but the majority of cases seen in a typical emergency department are
8、nt quite this dramatic. Lets look at a typical case to see to the normal flow of an emergency room works. Imagine that its 2 a.m. , and youre dreaming about whatever it is that you dream about. Suddenly you wake up because your abdomen hurts a lot. This seems like something out of the ordinary, so y
9、ou call your regular doctor. He tells you to go to your local hospitals emergency department: He is concerned about appendicitis (阑尾炎 ) because your pain is located in the right, lower abdomen. When you arrive at the emergency department, your first stop is triage (医疗鉴别分类 ). This is the place where
10、each patients condition is prioritized, typically by a nurse, into three general categories. The categories are immediately life threatening; urgent, but not immediately life threatening; and less urgent. This categorization is necessary so that someone with a life-threatening condition is not kept
11、waiting because they arrive a few minutes later than someone with a more routine problem. The triage nurse records your vital signs (temperature, pulse, respiratory rate and blood pressure). She also gets a brief history of your current medical complaints, past medical problems, medications and alle
12、rgies so that she can determine the appropriate triage category. Here you find out that your temperature is 101 degrees F. Whats next? You need to register. Registration After triage, the next step is registration not very exciting and rarely seen on TV. Here they obtain your vital statistics. You m
13、ay also provide them with your insurance information, Medicare, Medicaid or Health Maintenance Organization card. This step is necessary to develop a medical record so that your medical history, lab tests, X-rays, etc. , will all be located on the chart that can be referenced at any time. The bill w
14、ill also be generated from this information. If the patients condition is life-threatening or if the patient arrives by ambulance, this step may be completed later at the bedside. Examination Room Now you are brought to the exam room. You promptly throw up in the bathroom, which may be more evidence
15、 of appendicitis; you are seen by an emergency department nurse who obtains more detailed information about you. The nurse gets you settled into a patient gown so that you can be examined properly and perhaps obtain a urine (尿 ) specimen at this time. Some emergency departments have been subdivided
16、into separate areas in order to better serve their patients. These separate areas can include a pediatric FR, a chest-pain ER, a fast track (for minor injuries and illnesses), trauma center (usually for severely injured patients) and an observation unit (for patients who do not require hospital admi
17、ssion but do require prolonged treatment or many diagnostic tests). Once the nurse has finished her tasks, the next visitor is an emergency-medicine physician. He gets a more detailed medical history about your present illness, past medical problems, family history, and a complete review of all your
18、 body systems. He then formulates a list of possible of your symptoms; this list is called a differential diagnosis. The most likely diagnosis is then determined by the patients symptoms and physical examination, if this is inadequate to determine the diagnosis, then diagnostic tests are required. D
19、iagnostic Tests When the tricky diagnosis of appendicitis is considered, blood tests and a urinalysis are required. The patients blood is put into different colored tubes, each with its own additive depending on the test being performed: AA purple-top tube is used for a complete blood count (CBC). A
20、 CBC measures: 1. The adequacy of your red blood cells, to see if you are anemic (贫血的 ) 2. The number and type of white blood cells (WBCs), to determine the presence of infection 3. A platelet count (platelets are a blood component necessary for clotting) A red-top tube is used to test the serum (th
21、e liquid or non-cellular half of your blood). A blue-top tube is used to test your bloods clotting. The tests in your case indicate that you have an elevated WBC count. This is a sign of a bacterial infection, and bacterial infections are commonly associated with appendicitis. At this point, the eme
22、rgency physician may request that you not eat or drink anything. The reason is that appendicitis is treated by surgery, and an empty stomach is desirable to prevent some compilations of anesthesia (麻醉 ). Diagnosis and Treatment When the emergency physician has all the information he can obtain, he m
23、akes a determination of the most likely diagnosis from his differential diagnosis. Alternately, he may decide that he does not have enough information to make a decision and may require more tests. At this point, he speaks to a general surgeon the appropriate consultant in this case. The surgeon com
24、es to see you and performs a thorough history, physical exam, and review of your lab data. She examines your symptoms: pain and tenderness in the right, lower abdomen, vomiting, low-grade fever and elevated WBC count. These symptoms all point to appendicitis. The treatment of appendicitis is removal
25、 of the appendix, or an appendectomy. The surgeon explains the procedure, including the risks and benefits. You then sign a consent form to document this and permit her to operate on you. Disposition Depending on a patients specific medical condition, physicians will admit the patient to the hospita
26、l, discharge the patient, or transfer the patient to a more appropriate medical facility. If you are discharged, you will receive discharge instructions (either written specifically for you or pre-printed) that explain your medications and other treatments. If medications are prescribed, you may rec
27、eive a beginning dose if there are no drug stores open in your area at that particular time. You will also be referred for follow-up care should your condition continue or worsen. You may need to be transferred if your condition is better treated at another institution. You may have to sign a consen
28、t form if your condition or mental state allows. The modern emergency department performs an important role in our society; it really is a marvelous invention that has saved countless lives. Hopefully, the information in this article will help ease your fears should you need the services of an emerg
29、ency department in the future. 2 Several factors make the emergency room frightful, and they all originate from not-knowing. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 The happenings in the emergency room are usually as dramatic as the scene on TV shows. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 Usually, if you feel something wrong, yo
30、u may go to see your regular doctor. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 According to the actual situation of the patients and the arrival time, nurses decide who comes into the emergency room. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 Registration is a necessary step to present patients relevant information, but in urgent cases
31、, it can be done later at_. 7 After the nurse of the exam room has completed her job, the patient will be thoroughly reviewed all the body system by_. 8 During the blood test, if a patient is suspicious of some infection, his blood will be put in the_. 9 If the doctors decide to operate on a patient
32、 after the diagnosis, they will ask the patient to _for permission. 10 After the medical treatment, a patient may be admitted to the hospital, discharged, or transferred to a more appropriate_. 11 In the case of discharge, a patient can get discharge instructions explaining medications, other treatm
33、ents and_. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will b
34、e a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） Ask the man to buy some yogurt. （ B） Eat a hamburger. （ C） Bring a hamburger for the man. （ D） Eat what she brought with her. （ A） Professor and student. （ B） Shop assistant an
35、d customer. （ C） Librarian and reader. （ D） Two friends. （ A） The woman should turn on the light. （ B） He should find a new job. （ C） He cant take a break until he has enough money. （ D） The woman should save money with him. （ A） Tom doesnt like surfing. （ B） They dont know Tom quite well. （ C） Tom
36、is very slow in doing things. （ D） Tom is the right person to do such things. （ A） Restaurant. （ B） Canteen. （ C） Supermarket. （ D） Hotel. （ A） Mary performed quite well in the English Speech Contest. （ B） Mary has granted the prize. （ C） Mary fails in the speech contest. （ D） The man doesnt think M
37、ary deserves the prize. （ A） He may consult with his professor and find a right way to make it. （ B） He may ask his parents to help him. （ C） He may transfer to another major. （ D） He may go to the night school. （ A） It will reduce government revenues. （ B） The wealthy will benefit a lot from the pr
38、oposal. （ C） It will stimulate the economy. （ D） It will be a great help to the poor. （ A） He never took illegal commissions. （ B） He sold the companys products at higher prices. （ C） He sold more of the companys products than other salespeople. （ D） He is getting along well with his colleagues. （ A
39、） He knows more customers than any other employees. （ B） Only he knows how to get a certain large contract. （ C） He used to be a manager of a large company. （ D） A relative of his is the manager of a large company. （ A） She mistook the man for Carl Smith. （ B） She raised the mans pay by mistake. （ C
40、） She praised the wrong person. （ D） She almost fired the wrong person. （ A） He has got a bad cold. （ B） He has caught whooping cough. （ C） He has a fever and a bad appetite. （ D） He has been coughing for several days. （ A） Because he is only a 3-year-old child. （ B） Because others cough may be cont
41、agious to him. （ C） Because he also has a fever. （ D） Because he cries all the time. （ A） Because he is too young to catch that. （ B） Because he has not been exposed to that. （ C） Because his sister hasnt caught that. （ D） Because he has been immunized recently. （ A） Give the child lots of fluid to
42、drink. （ B） Let him have a hot bath before bedtime. （ C） Keep an eye on the cough. （ D） Send him to the clinic if he has a fever. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will b
43、e spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） The importance of advertisement. （ B） The societys great need of advertisement. （ C） The origin of advertisement. （ D） The prosperity of advertisement. （ A） The local gover
44、nments. （ B） Their owners families. （ C） Advertisements. （ D） The audience. （ A） Advertising is personal. （ B） Advertisements are convincing. （ C） Advertisements are unreliable. （ D） Advertisements are misleading. （ A） How people fall ill. （ B） The influence of peoples emotions on their health. （ C）
45、 A new method to cure breast cancer. （ D） Several ways to keep fit. （ A） Because he was of ill health. （ B） Because he was in a bad mood. （ C） Because his wife abandoned him. （ D） Because his immune system was not strong enough. （ A） Those who like talking about cheerful things live longer. （ B） Tho
46、se who avoid talking about cheerful things die sooner. （ C） Those who like talking about their disease live longer. （ D） Those who avoid talking about their illness live longer. （ A） Classmates. （ B） Colleagues. （ C） Boss and secretary. （ D） PR representative and client. （ A） He felt his assignment
47、was tougher than Sues. （ B） His clients complained about his service. （ C） He thought the boss was unfair to him. （ D） His boss was always finding fault with his work. （ A） She is unwilling to undertake them. （ B） She complains about her bad luck. （ C） She always accepts them cheerfully. （ D） She ta
48、kes them on, though reluctantly. （ A） Sue got promoted. （ B） John had to quit his job. （ C） Both John and Sue got a raise. （ D） Sue failed to complete her project. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should list
49、en carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 Pretending to be happy can actually make you more【 B1】 _ especially if youre a woman, according to a new study. Researche
