1、大学英语六级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 156及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on understanding others by referring to Abraham Lincolns remark, “I dont like that man. I must get to know him better.“ You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 word
2、s. Section A （ A） Visit Nancy at her new department. （ B） Give the secretary Nancys new phone number. （ C） Call on Nancy at her medical school. （ D） Get information about Nancy from the secretary. （ A） He is weak in health. （ B） He has caught a cold. （ C） He is very careless. （ D） He is seriously il
3、l. （ A） Read the operational manual. （ B） Try the buttons one by one. （ C） Make the machine run slowly. （ D） Ask her instructor for advice. （ A） He thinks the polices action was justified. （ B） He thinks the students were totally wrong. （ C） He wants to find out the students side of the story. （ D）
4、He wants to find out more before he takes a stand. （ A） He doesnt like new dorm rooms. （ B） He doesnt have a roommate. （ C） He dislikes having a roommate. （ D） He prefers having a roommate. （ A） Because of its friendly folks. （ B） Because of its clean air. （ C） Because of its quietness. （ D） Because
5、 of the sense of freshness. （ A） She admitted her carelessness. （ B） She is not to blame. （ C） Shell accept all responsibility. （ D） Shell be more careful next time. （ A） Lower the students grade. （ B） Reconsider the students position later. （ C） Allow the student to miss class. （ D） Suggest the stu
6、dent reschedule the surgery. （ A） He cant find his office key. （ B） He has misplaced some exams. （ C） He is unable to speak out. （ D） He doesnt enjoy teaching. （ A） Mark the latest course assignment. （ B） Put a cancellation notice on the classroom door. （ C） Make an appointment with the doctor. （ D）
7、 Return some exam papers to his students. （ A） Teach Dons class while hes absent. （ B） Give Professor Webster the key to Dons office. （ C） Leave the assignment on the board in Dons classroom. （ D） Bring Don the homework that is due today. （ A） Copy all the assignment from the blackboard. （ B） Finish
8、 the assignment on a required page. （ C） Go to attend another class in the same building. （ D） Prepare for a group presentation in the next class. （ A） From a special seminar. （ B） From a cultural documentary. （ C） From what she just read. （ D） From her Canadian friend. （ A） In New Mexico. （ B） In B
9、ritish Columbia. （ C） In Alberta. （ D） In Arizona. （ A） They prefer cool temperatures. （ B） They can survive extreme conditions. （ C） They are vulnerable to radiation. （ D） They have a very short life span. Section B （ A） It allows one to show his personal information. （ B） It offers only the childr
10、ens personal information. （ C） It is against parents will to educate the kids. （ D） It only offers stories about other people. （ A） Its a reliable way to make friends online. （ B） It is convenient to get in touch with their parents. （ C） It is regarded as a way of judging high school popularity. （ D
11、） It is regarded as a way of judging subject scores. （ A） There are too many complaints from net users. （ B） Hackers attack of MySpace cannot be forbidden. （ C） Parents cannot help checking childrens information. （ D） It is easy for trouble-makers to do harm to children. （ A） Do parents like MySpace
12、? （ B） Is MySpace good or bad? （ C） MySpace is the home of children. （ D） MySpace is the bank of childrens information. （ A） They may feel exhausted. （ B） They may feel very nervous. （ C） They may have heartache. （ D） They may suffer a cold. （ A） The building method the builders use to save energy.
13、（ B） The limit of the flow of air between inside and outside. （ C） The use of man-made building materials. （ D） The limit of air-flow and the man-made materials. （ A） To let out clean gas. （ B） To take in harmful gas. （ C） To use various plants. （ D） To let the air flow freely. （ A） The plane cant f
14、ly without air. （ B） The plane needs air for its refueling. （ C） It meets the passengers needs. （ D） It meets the pilots needs. （ A） The plane flies at high altitudes. （ B） The plane is filled with air. （ C） The metal structure of the plane is very strong. （ D） A small part of the plane cracks. （ A）
15、 To find out exactly what happens. （ B） To save fuel to fly longer. （ C） To find out where the big stone is. （ D） To fly even more slowly. Section C 26 Why we dream still remains one of the great mysteries. But in answer to the question of how we dream, scientific researchers have【 B1】 _ some import
16、ant answers. According to dream researcher Michael Schredl, dream consciousness and consciousness are【 B2】 _ the same. This confirms the experience people have every night that what happens in dreams, no matter how fantastic,【 B3】 _ and lacking in reason or logic, is felt to be exactly【 B4】 _ life i
17、s when a person is awake. A discovery in 1953 called “REM(rapid eye movement)sleep“ initially found that dream phases 【 B5】 _ by rapid eye movements are guided by the brain stem. This is the region of the brain which regulates a persons breathing and body warmth, but has little involvement with cons
18、ciousness. This led American sleep researcher Allan Hobson to conclude that dreams were a【 B6】 _product of various actions of the nerves. REM could be a mechanism which【 B7】 _ dream events, but one can also dream without this【 B8】 _. Dreams can be produced not from primitive, but rather from higher
19、regions of the brain those which handle things like【 B9】 _, emotions, memory and sensory experience. There is no【 B10】 _ difference in dreams, but only a difference in waking experience, which then is reflected again in the dream. 27 【 B1】 28 【 B2】 29 【 B3】 30 【 B4】 31 【 B5】 32 【 B6】 33 【 B7】 34 【 B
20、8】 35 【 B9】 36 【 B10】 Section A 36 Since 2007, the American Psychological Association(APA)has conducted a survey of different aspects of stress in America. This years analysis focused on teens, and on a 10-point scale,【 C1】 _ranked their stress at 5.8, compared with a score of 5.1 reported by adults
21、. Even more【 C2】 _, says Norman Anderson, CEO and executive vice president of the APA, is the fact that most teens knew their stress levels werent healthy they said 3.9 was probably more【 C3】 _ but did little about it. In fact, the survey【 C4】_that 42% of teens arent doing enough to manage their str
22、ess. Thats concerning, since unaddressed stress can lead to both short-term mental-health issues such as depression, as well as lay the seeds for【 C5】 _conditions such as heart disease and high blood pressure in adulthood. Whats causing teens to feel so anxious? Eighty three percent【 C6】 _school as
23、a source of stress, including concerns about their future after high school and worries about college. For some, family financial issues also caused anxiety, which wasnt【 C7】_since previous studies found that parental stress can trickle(滴流 )down to children, even at very young ages. “This population
24、 is underserved, and not taken seriously sometimes,“ said Katherine Nordal, of the APA. “We wanted to【 C8】 _light on some of the problems we know teens are having and whether they are successful at coping with them or not.“ Clearly, said Anderson, “We have work to do to manage stress overall. Stress
25、 levels among Americans continue to be high, but coping【 C9】 _remain ineffective.“ Teens reported doing everything that they probably shouldnt in order to relieve stressthey arent getting enough sleep and theyre less【 C10】 _active. A)revealed B)surprising C)disperse D)adolescents E)physically F)prac
26、ticable G)cited H)seniors I)chronic J)desirable K)mentally L)shine M)mechanisms N)revenged O)disturbing 37 【 C1】 38 【 C2】 39 【 C3】 40 【 C4】 41 【 C5】 42 【 C6】 43 【 C7】 44 【 C8】 45 【 C9】 46 【 C10】 Section B 46 Depression AIn bed, you toss and turn, unable to get a good nights sleep. You feel anxious a
27、nd worried. Theres plenty to do, but the work piles up because you feel listless and tired. You dont even want to do anything fun. Friends tell you to “pull yourself together,“ but you feel helpless and hopeless. You have difficulty concentrating and making decisions When you look in the mirror, you
28、 hate yourself. You are definitely in one of lifes valleys you are depressed. Everyone gets the blues once in a while. Emotional lows and highs are a normal part of life. The blues become depression when you feel so sleepy and listless that you cant function normally in everyday life. BDepression oc
29、curs at all ages, although major depressive episodes peak between the ages of 55 and 70 in men and 20 and 45 in women. About half of those who experience an episode of major depression will have another within two years. For some people, episodes of depression are separated by several years, while o
30、thers suffer groups of episodes over a short time span. Between episodes, such individuals feel well. CMajor depressive disorder affects approximately 14.8 million American adults or 6.7 percent of the U.S. population aged 18 years and older in a given year. Major depressive disorder is more common
31、in women than in men. Although treatment can help more than 80 percent of people with severe depression, most people with depression do not seek treatment. Depression can range from a mild panic to self-destructive or suicidal behavior. Its important to understand the various types of depression so
32、that you can recognize them. DReactive depression. This type of depression is a reaction to stressful events divorce, death of a loved one, a chronic illness, a personal tragedy, or even social isolation, which the elderly frequently experience. The person is unable to recover normally from the. fee
33、lings associated with the event. Common feelings include self-pity, pessimism, and loss of interest in life. It affects people of all ages. ESeasonal Affective Disorder(SAD). If you live in the northern latitudes and suffer depression during the winter months, you may suffer from seasonal affective
34、disorder caused by a lack of exposure to sunlight. Doctors arent sure exactly what physiological mechanisms are at work in SAD, but they speculate that depressed feelings and other symptoms may be due to an increase in the release of the hormone meltonin. SAD sufferers feel lethargic and irritable.
35、They may also suffer from chronic headaches, increased appetite, weight gain, and an increased need for sleep. For unknown reasons, SAD is truly a “womans depression,“ in that women make up 70 percent to 80 percent of those affected. Since about half of all SAD sufferers have relatives who also suff
36、er from SAD or other emotional problems, researchers speculate that the problem may be inherited. FBiochemical depression. Doctors arent sure why, but some people develop a biochemically based depression sometime during midlife. Its likely that this type of depression is caused by biochemical proble
37、ms within the brain. The problem usually responds well to antidepressant medication. You may be more likely to develop this type of chemical depression if other members of your family have also suffered from this problem. GDisease or drug-related depression. Some diseases such as AIDS, stroke, chron
38、ic pain, and hypothyroidism(甲状腺功能减退 )can cause depression. In hypothyroidism, the thyroid gland(甲状腺 )malfunctions, leading to too little or no thyroid hormone circulating in the bloodstream. In addition to depression, other symptoms of hypothyroidism include fatigue, weakness, weight gain, impaired
39、memory, and shortness of breath. Fortunately, the depression and other symptoms of hypothyroidism can be effectively treated with adequate doses of thyroid hormone. HCertain drugs such as alcohol, tranquilizers(镇定剂 ), and heart and blood pressure medications, as well as withdrawal from some street d
40、rugs like cocaine, can cause drug-related depression. Some women who take birth control pills find the drugs make them irritable, anxious, and depressed. And a deficiency in some nutrients has been linked to depression. ITeenage depression. Recognizing depression in children is important. Depression
41、 in teenagers may appear somewhat different from adult depression. The teenage years are a period of complicated conflicts that lead many young people to develop negative self-esteem, anxieties, and fears about their future. Some young people become overwhelmed by peer pressures and feelings of isol
42、ation and powerless-ness. Social expectations may be unrealistic, and doing poorly in school can lead to a feeling of rejection. The young person may have experienced a lack of support from family and other significant people and a decrease in his or her ability to cope effectively.(As is the case f
43、or adults, treatment for depression in teenagers may involve a combination of therapies.) JDepression may be related to many factors, including a family history of depression, medical illnesses, alcohol, drugs, gender, and age. Additionally, an individuals self-confidence, personality traits such as
44、 dependency on others or perfectionism and unrealistic expectations may lead to depression. Stressful events, such as death of a spouse or loss of a job, also contribute to depression. Many people with major depression also suffer from intense anxiety. KThere are many theories about the causes of de
45、pression. The social learning theory suggests that lack of positive reinforcement from others may lead to negative self-evaluation and a poor outlook for the future. The psychoanalytic theory suggests that a significant loss(such as of a parent)or a withdrawal of affection in childhood(whether real
46、or perceived)may lead to depression in later life. Interpersonal theory emphasizes the importance of social connections for good mental health. Other theories suggest that unrealistic expectations of oneself and others and loss of self-esteem are essential components leading to depression. LSome ind
47、ividuals may be biologically predisposed to depression; in other words, they may have been born with a tendency to develop depression. Researchers continue to investigate chemical reactions in the body that are controlled by these genes. Depression often runs in families. For example, if one i-denti
48、cal twin suffers from depression, the other twin has a 70 percent chance of also having the illness. MEnvironmental Influences. Researchers view depression as the result of interaction between environmental and biological factors. Depression can be endogenous(internally caused)or exogenous(related t
49、o outside events). Major changes in ones environment, such as a move or job change, or any major loss, such as a divorce or death of a loved one, can bring on depression. Some environmental factors relating to depression include being unemployed, poor, elderly, or alone. Depression changes ones way of looking at ordinary life circumstances. A depressed person tends to exaggerate negative aspec
