1、大学英语六级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 20及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on the after-school tutorials. You should write at least 750 words but no more than 2
2、00 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1. Section A （ A） He doesnt like activities in college. （ B） He partly agrees with the woman. （ C） He thinks activities are more important. （ D） He knows a lot about college life. （ A） The girls arent decisive in the election. （ B） The man can seek help fro
3、m the girls. （ C） The man isnt popular among the girls. （ D） The man will get support from the girls. （ A） The woman didnt support the man at the meeting. （ B） The woman pointed out the mans mistakes. （ C） The man got little support for his proposal. （ D） The mans proposal was away from the point. （
4、 A） To remind him of the conference. （ B） To make sure whether he can attend the meeting. （ C） To see if hes ready for the coming conference. （ D） To help him prepare for the presentation. （ A） Painting pictures for the woman. （ B） Putting on make-up for the woman. （ C） Taking photos for the woman.
5、（ D） Designing hairstyle for the woman. （ A） Tom is unlikely to get an A in the exam. （ B） Toms words are not reliable. （ C） What Tom said is completely true. （ D） Tom often takes things seriously. （ A） The man is efficient enough. （ B） The supermarket cant offer reasonable prices. （ C） The man shou
6、ldnt buy those discount goods. （ D） Discount goods arent of good quality. （ A） Follow the other students. （ B） Dont worry about the price. （ C） Choose the most suitable insurance policies. （ D） Examine the insurance items carefully. （ A） It is advertising electronic products. （ B） It is planning to
7、tour East Asia. （ C） It is sponsoring a TV programme. （ D） It is giving performances in town. （ A） A lot of good publicity. （ B） Talented artists to work for it. （ C） Long-term investments. （ D） A decrease in production costs. （ A） Promise long-term cooperation with the Company. （ B） Explain frankly
8、 their own current financial situation. （ C） Pay for the printing of the performance programme. （ D） Bear the cost of publicising the Companys performance. （ A） He has been seeing doctors and counsellors. （ B） He has found a new way to train his voice. （ C） He was caught abusing drugs. （ D） He might
9、 give up concert tours. （ A） Singers may become addicted to it. （ B） It helps singers warm themselves up. （ C） Singers use it to stay away from colds. （ D） It can do harm to singers vocal chords. （ A） They are eager to become famous. （ B） Many lack professional training. （ C） Few will become success
10、ful. （ D） They live a glamorous life. （ A） Harm to singers done by smoky atmospheres. （ B） Side effects of some common drugs. （ C） Voice problems among pop singers. （ D） Hardships experienced by many young singers. Section B （ A） To help her husband to win the election. （ B） To encourage healthy eat
11、ing. （ C） To call on people to be vegetarian. （ D） To tell the kids that vegetables are delicious. （ A） The necessity of planting the seeds. （ B） The importance of nutrition and exercise. （ C） The necessity of getting rid of the delicious pies. （ D） The importance of making appearance in Prevention.
12、 （ A） She didnt exercise as much as now. （ B） She was not strict with her diet. （ C） She was not as healthy as she is now. （ D） She didnt eat delicious pies. （ A） She is depressed that she can no longer eat them. （ B） Shell eat them and then exercise. （ C） She thinks it is a wise choice to avoid eat
13、ing them. （ D） Shell eat them as she likes. （ A） They arrived there too late. （ B） They would get sick seeing the tragic scene. （ C） The scene was too miserable for them to see. （ D） They may destroy the scene unintentionally. （ A） They wanted compensation from the police. （ B） The police violated t
14、heir privacy. （ C） The police uploaded the scene photos. （ D） They were not allowed to see the scene photos. （ A） How to cover the cost of their legal fees. （ B） How to prevent Nikkis sisters from using websites. （ C） How to prevent the remaining photos on the Web from spreading. （ D） How to prevent
15、 the case from happening to anybody else. （ A） Single-sex stores appeal to customers better. （ B） Single-sex stores cant perform well. （ C） It is hard to arrange a single-sex store. （ D） Women prefer single-sex stores better. （ A） Provide more outdoor clothing and equipments. （ B） Turn their attenti
16、on to female customers. （ C） Make the shopping area as comfortable as home. （ D） Make the shopping environment more exciting. （ A） Asian mens potential for purchase hasnt been developed. （ B） The rich Asian men dont have to hide their wealth. （ C） There are more and more wealthy men in Asia. （ D） Th
17、e population of males is larger than that of females. Section C 26 The ideal companion machine would not only look, feel, and sound friendly but would also be programmed to behave in an agreeable manner. Those【 B1】 _that make interaction with other people enjoyable would be simulated as closely as p
18、ossible, and the machine would appear to be charming, stimulating, and easygoing. Its informal conversational style would make interaction【 B2】 _, and yet the machine would remain slightly unpredictable and therefore interesting. In its first【 B3】 _it might be somewhat hesitant and unassuming, but a
19、s it came to know the user it would progress to a more【 B4】 _and intimate style. The machine would not be a passive participant but would add its own suggestions, information, and opinions; it would sometimes take the【 B5】 _ in developing or changing the topic and would have a personality【 B6】 _. Th
20、e machine would convey presence. We have all seen how a computers use of personal names often【 B7】 _people and leads them to treat the machine as if it were almost human. Such features are easily written into the software. By introducing【 B8】 _forcefulness and humor, the machine could be presented a
21、s a vivid and unique character. Friendships are not made in a day, and the computer would be more【 B9】 _as a friend if it simulated the gradual changes that occur when one person is getting to know another. At an appropriate time it might also【 B10】 _the kind of affection that stimulates attachment
22、and intimacy. 27 【 B1】 28 【 B2】 29 【 B3】 30 【 B4】 31 【 B5】 32 【 B6】 33 【 B7】 34 【 B8】 35 【 B9】 36 【 B10】 Section A 36 A research presented to the AAAS meeting in San Diego suggests that much of the world prefers to take a siesta(午睡 ). It has already been established that those who take a siesta are
23、less【 C1】 _to die of heart disease. Now, Matthew Walker and his colleagues at the University of California, Berkeley, have found that they probably have better memory, too. The role of sleep in【 C2】 _ memories that have already been created has been understood for some time. Dr. Walker has been tryi
24、ng to【 C3】 _this understanding by looking at sleeps role in preparing the brain for the formation of memories in the first place. He was particularly【 C4】 _in a type of memory called episodic(不连贯的 )memory, which relates to specific events, places and times. This contrasts with procedural memory, of
25、the skills required to【 C5】 _some sort of mechanical task, such as driving. The theory he and his team wanted to test was that the ability to form new episodic memories【 C6】 _with accrued wakefulness, and that sleep thus restores the brains capacity for efficient learning. They asked a group of 39 p
26、eople to【 C7】 _in two learning sessions, one at noon and one at 6 p. m. On each occasion the participants tried to memorize and【 C8】_100 combinations of pictures and names. After the first session they were assigned randomly to either a control group, which remained awake, or a nap group, which had
27、100 minutes of【 C9】 _sleep. Those who remained awake throughout the day became worse at learning. Those who napped, by contrast,【 C10】 _improved their capacity to learn, doing better in the evening than they had at noon. These findings suggest that sleep is clearing the brains short-term memory and
28、making way for new information. A)consolidating F)perform K)actually B)likely G)extend L)recall C)participate H)interfered M)monitored D)interested I)deteriorates N)subsequently E)degrades J)excited O)suggest 37 【 C1】 38 【 C2】 39 【 C3】 40 【 C4】 41 【 C5】 42 【 C6】 43 【 C7】 44 【 C8】 45 【 C9】 46 【 C10】
29、Section B 46 How Exercise Could Lead to a Better Brain A)The value of mental-training games may be speculative, as Dan Hurley writes in his article on the quest to make ourselves smarter, but there is another, easy-to-achieve, scientifically proven way to make yourself smarter. Go for a walk or a sw
30、im. For more than a decade, neuroscientists and physiologists have been gathering evidence of the beneficial relationship between exercise and brainpower. But the newest findings make it clear that this isnt just a relationship; it is the relationship. Using sophisticated technologies to examine the
31、 workings of individual neurons(神经元 )and the makeup of brain matter itselfscientists in just the past few months have discovered that exercise appears to build a brain that resists physical shrinkage and enhance cognitive flexibility. Exercise, the latest neuroscience suggests, does more to improve
32、thinking than thinking does. B)The most persuasive evidence comes from several new studies of lab animals living in busy, exciting cages. It has long been known that so-called “enriched“ environments -homes filled with toys and engaging, novel taskslead to improvements in the brainpower of lab anima
33、ls. In most instances, such environmental enrichment also includes a running wheel, because mice and rats generally enjoy running. Until recently, there was little research done to tease out the particular effects of running versus those of playing with new toys or engaging the mind in other ways th
34、at dont increase the heart rate. C)So, last year a team of researchers led by Justin S. Rhodes, a psychology professor at the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology at the University of Illinois, gathered four groups of mice and set them into four distinct living arrangements. One gro
35、up lived in a world of sensual and taste plenty, dining on nuts, fruits and cheeses, their food occasionally dusted with cinnamon(肉桂 ), all of it washed down with variously flavored waters. Their “beds“ were small colorful plastic dome-shaped houses occupying one corner of the cage. Neon-hued(霓虹色的 )
36、balls, plastic tunnels, chewable blocks, mirrors and seesaws(跷跷板 )filled other parts of the cage. Group 2 had access to all of these pleasures, plus they had small disc-shaped running wheels in their cages. A third groups cage held no decorations, and they received standard, dull food. And the fourt
37、h groups homes contained the running wheels but no other toys or treats. D)All the animals completed a series of cognitive tests at the start of the study and were injected with a substance that allows scientists to track changes in their brain structures. Then they ran, played or, if their environm
38、ent was unenriched, stayed lazily in their cages for several months. Afterward, Rhodess team put the mice through the same cognitive tests and examined brain tissues. It turned out that the toys and tastes, no matter how stimulating, had not improved the animals brains. E)“Only one thing had mattere
39、d,“ Rhodes says, “and thats whether they had a running wheel.“ Animals that exercised, whether or not they had any other enrichments in their cages, had healthier brains and performed significantly better on cognitive tests than the other mice. Animals that didnt run, no matter how enriched their wo
40、rld was otherwise, did not improve their brainpower in the complex, lasting ways that Rhodess team was studying. “They loved the toys,“ Rhodes says, and the mice rarely ventured into the empty, quieter portions of their cages. But unless they also exercised, they did not become smarter. F)Why would
41、exercise build brainpower in ways that thinking might not? The brain, like all muscles and organs, is a tissue, and its function declines with underuse and age. Beginning in our late 20s, most of us will lose about 1 percent annually of the volume of the hippocampus(海马体 ), a key portion of the brain
42、 related to memory and certain types of learning. G)Exercise though seems to slow or reverse the brains physical decay, much as it does with muscles. Although scientists thought until recently that humans were born with a certain number of brain cells and would never generate more, they now know bet
43、ter. In the 1990s, using a technique that marks newborn cells, researchers determined during examining the dead bodies that adult human brains contained quite a few new neurons. Fresh cells were especially prevalent in the hippocampus, indicating that neurogenesis(神经形成 )or the creation of new brain
44、cellswas primarily occurring there. Even more encouraging, scientists found that exercise jump-starts neurogenesis. Mice and rats that ran for a few weeks generally had about twice as many new neurons in their hippocampi as motionless animals. Their brains, like other muscles, were bulking up. H)But
45、 it was the indescribable effect that exercise had on the functioning of the newly formed neurons that was most startling. Brain cells can improve intellect only if they join the existing neural network, and many do not, instead existing aimlessly in the brain for a while before dying. One way to pu
46、ll neurons into the network, however, is to learn something. In a 2007 study, new brain cells in mice became looped into the animals neural networks if the mice learned to navigate(导航 )a water maze(迷宫 ), a task that is cognitively but not physically taxing. But these brain cells were very limited in
47、 what they could do. When the researchers studied brain activity afterward, they found that the newly wired cells fired only when the animals navigated the maze again, not when they practiced other cognitive tasks. The learning encoded in those cells did not transfer to other types of rodent(啮齿动物 )t
48、hinking. I)Exercise, on the other hand, seems to make neurons move quickly and easily. When researchers in a separate study had mice run, the animals brains readily wired many new neurons into the neural network. But those neurons didnt fire later only during running. They also lighted up when the a
49、nimals practiced cognitive skills, like exploring unfamiliar environments. In the mice, running, unlike learning, had created brain cells that could multitask. J)Just how exercise remakes minds on a molecular level is not yet fully understood, but research suggests that exercise prompts increases in something called brain-derived neurotropic factor(脑源性神经性营养因子 ), or B. D. N. F. , a substance that strengthens cells and axons(轴突 ), strengt
