1、大学英语六级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 3及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled How to Establish a Healthy Living Style? You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1. 1越来越多的人开始崇尚简单、健康的生活方式； 2造成这种
2、现象的原因； 3我们可以 Section A （ A） Take no notice on the difference. （ B） Try to change her partners mind. （ C） Communicate with her partner. （ D） Find out the misunderstandings. （ A） She drove too fast. （ B） She ran a red light. （ C） She parked at the wrong place. （ D） She broke a light when driving. （ A）
3、 She is eager to share news with the woman. （ B） She enjoys making up stories about other people. （ C） She can never keep anything to herself for long. （ D） She often knows the updated news in their class. （ A） Playing a game. （ B） Moving the furniture. （ C） Telling a practical joke. （ D） Telling a
4、detective story. （ A） He already has plans for Friday night. （ B） The woman should decide where to eat. （ C） The woman should ask her sister for a suggestion. （ D） He will make a reservation at the restaurant. （ A） A bank clerk. （ B） A taxi driver. （ C） An airline official. （ D） A police officer. （
5、A） The chair is not well-matched with the carpet. （ B） The chair is so perfect for the man to buy. （ C） The salesman is charging the man $199 for the chair. （ D） The salesman would lower the price if the man wants the chair. （ A） In a classroom. （ B） At a railway ticket office. （ C） On Platform Thre
6、e. （ D） In the waiting room of a railway station. （ A） They often take risks. （ B） Theyre too conservative. （ C） They have no sense of security. （ D） They have no self-discipline. （ A） Financial security matters a lot to them. （ B） They chase every mark of the stock market. （ C） Theyre not so concer
7、ned with money. （ D） They make decisions based on short-term matters. （ A） Theyre willing to take risks. （ B） They have long-term financial plans. （ C） They seldom go on instinct. （ D） They buy few stocks. （ A） The goals of the employees. （ B） The objectives of the organization. （ C） The structure o
8、f the organization. （ D） The personal prospect of the leader. （ A） The rewards for the leader. （ B） The reputation of a leader. （ C） The approach to achieving goals. （ D） The payment of employees. （ A） Find something you are passionate about. （ B） Learn how to run a business. （ C） Make a business ou
9、t of something. （ D） Learn how to manage and lead people. （ A） Avoid the difficult part in the job. （ B） Ask the company for help. （ C） Learn hard by working extra hours. （ D） Find a more experienced counselor. Section B （ A） Diet. （ B） Overweight. （ C） Lack of sleep. （ D） Sleeping disorder. （ A） Th
10、e relationship between sleep and weight. （ B） The question of chicken or the eggs. （ C） The difficulty of persuading kids to lose pounds. （ D） The priority order between sleeping less and weighing more. （ A） They required some kids to do some physical examinations. （ B） They asked parents about thei
11、r kids sleeping condition. （ C） They tried to single out the overweight child. （ D） They interviewed the sixth graders from entire country. （ A） Sleeping less leads to gain weight. （ B） There is a link between sleep and weight. （ C） Sleeping more will do harm to human body. （ D） Sleep is not very im
12、portant for the third graders. （ A） Its reform in design. （ B） Its target at young people. （ C） Its imaginative design and inexpensive. （ D） Its practical design and affordability. （ A） It promotes its marketing strategies. （ B） It uses design to fight back. （ C） It improves its management efficienc
13、y. （ D） It switches to aim at the up-market. （ A） To make great profit, （ B） To boost market share. （ C） To distinguish from imitators. （ D） To enhance it popularity. （ A） Being too unrealistic. （ B） Having a clear idea of strengths. （ C） Being overly hard on yourself. （ D） Having an inaccurate self
14、-perception. （ A） They find themselves brighter than expected. （ B） They feel regret on their rough decision. （ C） They still have very low self-concepts. （ D） They enjoy their college life very much. （ A） Accepting both good and bad evaluations and ignoring them. （ B） Paying attention to the negati
15、ve feedback and seeking out for help. （ C） Acknowledging your values and pointing out your shortcomings. （ D） Trying to figure out the unrealistic evaluations by yourself. Section C 26 Some peoples ears produce wax like busy little bees. This can be a problem even though earwax(耳垢 )appears to serve
16、an important purpose. Experts say it protects and cleans the ear. It【 B1】 _dirt and other matter and keeps insects out. Doctors think it might also help【 B2】 _infectious diseases. And the waxy oil keeps ears from getting too dry. So earwax is good. And there are two kinds. Most people of European or
17、 African【 B3】 _have the “wet“ kind: thick and sticky. East Asians commonly have “dry“ earwax. But you can have too much of a good thing. Some people may have too much wax in their ear canal. Earwax is【 B4】 _expelled; it falls out of the ear or gets washed away. But【 B5】 _wax can harden and form a bl
18、ockage that【 B6】 _sound waves and reduces hearing. People can also cause a blockage when they try to clean out their ears but only push the wax deeper inside. Earwax【 B7】 _is sometimes necessary. But you have to use a safe method or you could do a lot of damage. Experts at N.I.H., the National Insti
19、tutes of Health, suggest some ways to treat【 B8】_earwax yourself. They say the wax can be softened with mineral oil or ear drops. Another way to remove wax is known as irrigation. With the head upright,【 B9】_the outer part of the ear. Gently pull upward to straighten the ear canal. Use an injection【
20、 B10】 _to gently direct water against the wall of the ear canal. Then turn the head to the side to let the water out. 27 【 B1】 28 【 B2】 29 【 B3】 30 【 B4】 31 【 B5】 32 【 B6】 33 【 B7】 34 【 B8】 35 【 B9】 36 【 B10】 Section A 36 The best time to view the Mona Lisa, according to a new book on the best times
21、 to do things, is around nine oclock on a Sunday morning: most tourists, it seems, dont realise that the Louvre is open then, while plenty of those who do will still be【 C1】_from the wine-fuelled excesses of Saturday night. The best night to eat at a restaurant is a Tuesday: no crowds, but better th
22、an a Monday, since many restaurants dont get weekend deliveries, making Mondays food less【 C2】 _. Such is the【 C3】 _but strangely compelling life-advice collected within the covers of Buy Ketchup In May And Fly At Noon, by Mark Di Vincenzo, a book that takes literally the cliche that timing is every
23、thing. But the【 C4】 _of his outlook are universal. If theres a perfect time to ask for a pay rise or a date, or a perfect moment in life to buy a house, have children or switch jobs, then theres hope for us all, if only we can time things right. Of course, theres no such【 C5】 _art of timing that wil
24、l make everything run smoothly. But one general principle that does【 C6】 _from Di Vincenzos book is this: it pays, in life, to learn when and how to deliberately【 C7】 _out of synchronise(同步 )with the rest of the world. Sometimes, this is a simple question of【 C8】 _the crowds: obviously, thats the re
25、ason for holidaying off season, and its why Di Vincenzo recommends calling customer-service lines the moment they open, when call volume is lowest. But theres more to the matter than【 C9】 _avoiding peak times: with a little cunning(技巧 ), you can de-synchronise yourself from the crowd so as to make t
26、heir【 C10】 _behaviour work to your advantage. A)numerous I)recovering B)avoiding J)emerge C)worldly K)merely D)implications L)herd E)implied M)superior F)secret N)conversely G)fresh O)fall H)engagements 37 【 C1】 38 【 C2】 39 【 C3】 40 【 C4】 41 【 C5】 42 【 C6】 43 【 C7】 44 【 C8】 45 【 C9】 46 【 C10】 Sectio
27、n B 46 Some Suggestions for Pessimists A Obesity and smoking may be the most conspicuous causes of illness in this country, but physical factors dont account for everything. Your psychology namely, your personality and outlook on life can be just as important to your well-being as exercising and eat
28、ing right. And especially these days, with the worlds economy tumbling toward a depression, its a good time to prevent yourself from slipping into one too. B An entire science has grown up around the risks of negative thinking(as well as the power of positive psychology), and the latest findings con
29、firm that a pessimistic outlook not only fuels anxiety, which can put people at risk for chronic mental illnesses like depression, but may also cause early death and set people up for a number of minor physical illnesses, ranging from the common cold to heart disease and immune disorders. C Optimism
30、, meanwhile, is associated with a happier and longer life. Over the course of a recent eight-year study, University of Pittsburgh researchers found that optimistic women lived longer than pessimistic ones. Which may be good news for the active people out there, but what about the rest of us who aren
31、t always so cheerful? Are we destined for sickness and failure? Or is it possible to master the principles of positivity the same way we might learn a new hobby or follow a recipe? D The answer from the experts seems to be yes. But it does take effort. Seeing the sunny side doesnt come easily. Be an
32、 “Optimalist“ E Most people would define optimism as being eternally hopeful, endlessly happy, with a glass thats perpetually half full. But thats exactly the kind of false cheerfulness that positive psychologists wouldnt recommend. “Healthy optimism means being in touch with reality,“ says Tal Ben-
33、Shahar, a Harvard professor who taught the universitys most popular course, Positive Psychology, from 2002 to 2008. “It certainly doesnt mean thinking everything is great and wonderful.“ F Ben-Shahar, who is the author of Happier and The Pursuit of Perfect, describes realistic optimists as “optimali
34、sts“ not those who believe everything happens for the best, but those who make the best of things that happen. G In his own life, Ben-Shahar uses three optimalist exercises, which he calls PRP. When he feels down-say, after giving a bad lecture he grants himself permission(P)to be human. He reminds
35、himself that not every lecture can be a Nobel winner; some will be less effective than others. Next is reconstruction(R). He analyses the weak lecture, learning lessons for the future about what works and what doesnt. Finally, theres perspective(P), which involves acknowledging that in the grand sch
36、eme of life, one lecture really doesnt matter. H Studies suggest that people who are able to focus on the positive aspects of a negative event basically, cope with failure- can protect themselves from the physical toll of stress and anxiety. In a recent study at the University of California, San Fra
37、ncisco(UCSF), scientists asked a group of women to give a speech in front of a stone-faced audience of strangers. On the first day, all the participants said they felt threatened, and they showed fear hormones(荷尔蒙 ). On subsequent days, however, those women who had reported rebounding from a major l
38、ife crisis in the past no longer felt the same subjective threat over speaking in public. They had learned that this negative event, too, would pass and they would survive. “Its a back door to the same positive state because people are able to tolerate and accept the negative,“ says Elissa Epel, one
39、 of the psychologists involved in the study. Accept Pain and Sadness I Being optimistic doesnt mean shutting out sad or painful emotions. As a clinical psychologist, Martin Seligman, who runs the Positive Psychology Center at the University of Pennsylvania, says he used to feel proud whenever he hel
40、ped depressed patients rid themselves of sadness, anxiety or anger. “I thought I would get a happy person,“ he says. “But I never did. What I got was an empty person.“ Thats what prompted him to launch the field of positive psychology, with a groundbreaking address to the American Psychological Asso
41、ciation in 1998. Instead of focusing only on righting wrongs and lifting misery, he argued, psychologists need to help patients foster good mental health through constructive skills, like Ben-Shahars PRP. The idea is to teach patients to strengthen their strengths rather than simply improve their we
42、aknesses. “Its not enough to clear away the weeds,“ Seligman says. “If you want roses, you have to plant a rose.“ J When a loved one dies or you lose your job, for example, its normal and healthy to mourn. Youre supposed to feel sad and even depressed. But you cant put yourself in sadness for too lo
43、ng. A study by UCSF researchers of HIV-positive men whose partners had died found that the men who allowed themselves to grieve while also seeking to accept the death were better able to bounce back from the tragedy. Men who focused only on the loss as opposed to, say, viewing the death as a relief
44、of their partners suffering, tended to grieve longer, presumably because they couldnt find a way out of their sadness. Smile in Your Profile Picture K If all else fails, try “catching“ happiness from your friends. We are social beings, of course, and our outlook is influenced to no small degree by t
45、hat of our friends and family. L Christakis and his colleague James Fowler at the University of California, San Diego, are now studying happiness infection in perhaps the largest social network of all, Facebook. They noticed that people who smiled in their Facebook profile pictures tended to have ot
46、her friends who smiled. This might simply be peer pressure at work, with members feeling obliged to flash a smile to fit in with the rest of the group, but Christakis and Fowler are investigating whether there isnt a more infectious phenomenon at work. M If you still arent convinced that your negati
47、ve ways can ever be changed, consider this: only about 25% of a persons optimism cannot be changed in his genes, according to some studies. Thats in contrast to the 40% to 60% heritability(遗传可能性 )of most other personality traits, like agreeableness and conscientiousness. Science suggests that the gr
48、eater part of an optimistic outlook can be acquired with the right instruction a theory borne out in a study of college freshmen by Seligman. Pessimistic students who took a 12-week optimism-training course devised by Seligman which included exercises like writing a letter of gratitude then reading
49、it aloud to someone were less likely to visit the student health center for illnesses during the next four years than their similarly pessimistic peers who werent tutored in positive thinking. And a larger study of more than 3,000 middle-school students who are being taught recovery techniques is under way in England. “Its the largest-scale validation(确认 )that optimism can be taught,“ says Selig
