1、大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷 183及答案与解析 Section A 0 Mirages(海市蜃楼 )are produced by refraction(折射 )of light within a layer of air. This layer of air resists【 C1】 _up, even in a fairly strong wind. Probably the most popular mirage picture is one of a lake in a【 C2】 _desert. There may even be the appearance of【 C3
2、】 _breaking on the shore. The easiest form of mirage to study, however, is one that has been seen by millions of people-those seeming strips of water on asphalt-surfaced(柏油路面的 )roads that disappear suddenly when one【 C4】 _them. The scientist considers the long distance mirage as the most【 C5】 _of mi
3、rage forms, since it is against a basic law of physics. The law states that the apparent size of an【 C6】 _seems smaller as we move away from it; however, this kind of mirage will carry a【 C7】 _of a ship, a town, or an island a thousand miles and set it up in the sky as big as life. Mirages may have
4、had an【 C8】 _on history: A World War I story deals with a battle between the Turks and the British.【 C9】 _the stronger Turkish army was gaining the advantage when one of the soldiers reported that British troops were advancing. After a hurried meeting, the Turkish forces withdrew(撤退 ). In reality th
5、ere were no【 C10】 _British troops what had been reported was a mirage showing men who were a hundred miles away. A similarly B. supposedly C. puzzling D. waves E. negotiates F. advancing G. effect H. hostile I. breaking J. waterless K. liberty L. picture M. object N. approaches O. humble 1 【 C1】 2 【
6、 C2】 3 【 C3】 4 【 C4】 5 【 C5】 6 【 C6】 7 【 C7】 8 【 C8】 9 【 C9】 10 【 C10】 Section B 10 Develop Healthy Eating Habits in Your Children A)What do you think your children are served at school? The children were served chips and other “junk foods“(powder and water for soup!)on a daily basis. They shunned a
7、ny vegetables placed on their plates despite genuine efforts made by the cooks at the canteens to make them food from fresh vegetables. Wastage of food is an enormous issue in these canteens. This article will be focused mostly on vegetables because these are the main foods which are a problem for c
8、hildren. B)Educate your children about the different types of vegetables. Try the following experiment. Take some junk foods like chips, burgers, nuggets, etc. and add a few vegetables like beet, spinach, watercress, celery, or choose any other vegetables from this list of culinary vegetables and as
9、k your kid the names of each food item. Ill bet you that your child will know all the junk foods and will fail to know the names of about 30% of the vegetables youll place in front of him/her. So the first thing Ill recommend is to familiarize your kids with the different vegetables there are, their
10、 tastes, their textures, their colors, their flavors in food. Let them actually experience the joy of fresh vegetables and hopefully this will help them get rid of the bad image vegetables ingrained in childrens minds. C)Stop rewarding your kids. Most parents try to bribe their children into eating
11、vegetables by coaxing them with rewards. This kind of behavior will instill the idea that vegetables are something that they are forced to eat for a reward. If there are no rewards, your children wont bother eating the vegetables. If you are doing this, you must STOP it now because you will only be
12、fooling yourself and your kids for a “short period“. If you want your kids to gain healthy eating habits for the rest of his/her life, you must start by explaining to them why eating vegetables are good for them. They wont be able to understand this at first but be inflexible(not forceful). Explain
13、each time that kids must eat vegetables to stay healthy and smart. D)Stop punishing your kids. Like the rewarding kids, there are some parents who go to extreme measures in order to make their children finish their meals. These experiences will make the children create an aversion for vegetables. Do
14、nt shove the vegetables down his/her throat but rather be patient and take the time to explain to your children that vegetables will do their health good. E)Actually cook them food. Most parents actually buy foods for their kids or just microwave something they put together like the “powder and wate
15、r to make soup“ food. Most of the instantaneous foods which take just a few minutes to cook are actually junk foods. Let your kids taste a real carrot soup with real carrots in it instead of just powder and water. If you are like me and dont have enough time on your hands, just wake up one hour earl
16、ier to cook food and get your spouse to help you if you are married. You may also want to cook in large quantities and freeze the food Next time you want to serve the foods, just heat them. If you do not know how to cook, its never late to learn. F)Limit the pocket money. Kids today have too much mo
17、ney and not enough control. Teaching kids how to manage money is one of the biggest challenges facing any parent. If you can teach your child the difference between needs and wants, how to budget and how to save, your child will know more than many adults. Limit their pocket money so that they dont
18、buy candy or a chocolate bar every time they are hungry. Prepare them a healthy lunch meal instead of giving them money to buy food to eat. G)Give your kids healthy snacks. Instead of giving him two chocolates, two candies, or one chocolate and biscuit, why not treat him to a chocolate and an apple
19、or a yogurt and some biscuit. Kids must eat sweets but also healthy foods. So create a combination of sweets and healthy foods and each time he wants a chocolate, give him an apple dipped in some chocolate or a chocolate cake with oranges in it. He will like it and also eat healthily at the same tim
20、e. H)Hide the vegetables in the dishes. Despite your various attempts and you find your kid still not enjoying the vegetable you have cooked for him, then it is time for you to resort to some guerrilla tactics. You must try to hide the vegetables in the dishes you prepare for him. You can puree vege
21、tables for pasta sauces or you put the vegetables on a pizza. You can also make shakes and smoothies from fresh vegetables. There are many sneaky ways to prepare dishes with vegetables which are not so apparent If you are discovered by your kids, you may be accused of “cheating“ but at least you are
22、 sacrificing yourself for the goods of your children. I)Encourage family meals. Children get some motivation and actually love the family atmosphere where everybody sits around the table for a meal. Even if you are busy all day, at least take some time to enjoy a meal with your children. Learn to kn
23、ow what they are not eating. Encourage them to eat by telling them how such a vegetable will benefit their health. J)Make them watch educational cartoons on food and nutrition. Children are easily influenced by what they watch on TV. A cartoon from Ireland known as Food Dudes is already getting chil
24、dren hooked on vegetables. The Food Dudes are 4 preteens called Razz, Rocco, Charlie and Tom who fight against the evil Junk Punks(General Junk and his sidekicks)who are depriving the world of fruits and veggies! The teens get their superpowers by consuming healthful foods like raspberries(Razz), br
25、occoli(Rocco), carrots(Charlie)and tomatoes(Tom). K)And last but not least, be a model to your kids. Avoid bad eating habits in front of your children as children are very intelligent persons and they can learn very quickly to emulate your eating habits. Also if youre practicing healthy eating habit
26、s, its a lot easier to convince children to do the same. Kids are very smart nowadays. You will lose many battles at first but you will win the war eventually if you stick to the above guidelines. Use your imagination. 11 Childrens bad eating habits may derive from their parents unhealthy diet. 12 M
27、ost instantaneous foods prepared by the parents for their children are mostly junk foods. 13 When children are still unwilling to eat vegetable, parents can use some guerilla strategies like hide the vegetables in the dishes for their children. 14 It is not a good way for parents to reward their chi
28、ldren for eating vegetables. 15 The children who are punished for not eating vegetables by their parents will create an aversion for vegetables. 16 Children tend to spend their pocket money on junk foods when they are hungry. 17 Wastage of food is a big problem in school canteens since some children
29、 are not willing to eat any vegetables. 18 Children are not likely to know all the vegetables, but they may know all the junk foods instead. 19 Children are now being induced into eating vegetables by an Ireland TV cartoon called Food Dudes. 20 Food can be cooked in large quantities and saved for th
30、e next meal. Section C 20 In the 1960s, medical researchers Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe developed a checklist of stressful events. They appreciated the tricky point that any major change can be stressful. Negative events like “serious illness of a family member“ were high on the list, but so were
31、 some positive life-changing events, like marriage. When you take the Holmes-Rahe test you must remember that the score does not reflect how you deal with stress it only shows how much you have to deal with. And we now know that the way you handle these events dramatically affects your chances of st
32、aying healthy. By the early 1970s, hundreds of similar studies had followed Holmes and Rahe. And millions of Americans who work and live under stress worried over the reports. Somehow, the research got boiled down to a memorable message. Womens magazines ran headlines like “Stress causes illness! “
33、If you want to stay physically and mentally healthy, the articles said, avoid stressful events. But such simplistic advice is impossible to follow. Even if stressful events are dangerous, many like the death of a loved one are impossible to avoid. Moreover, any warning to avoid all stressful events
34、is a prescription(处方 )for staying away from opportunities as well as trouble. Since any change can be stressful, a person who wanted to be completely free of stress would never marry, have a child, take a new job or move. The notion that all stress makes you sick also ignores a lot of what we know a
35、bout people. It assumes were all vulnerable(脆弱的 )and passive in the face of adversity(逆境 ). But what about human initiative and creativity? Many come through periods of stress with more physical and mental vigor than they had before. We also know that a long time without change or challenge can lead
36、 to boredom, and physical and mental strain. 21 The result of Holmes-Rahes medical research tells us_. （ A） the way you handle major events may cause stress （ B） what should be done to avoid stress （ C） what kind of event would cause stress （ D） how to cope with sudden changes in life 22 The studies
37、 on stress in the early 1970s led to_. （ A） widespread concern over its harmful effects （ B） great panic over the mental disorder it could cause （ C） an intensive research into stress-related illnesses （ D） popular avoidance of stressful jobs 23 The score of the Holmes-Rahe test shows_. （ A） how muc
38、h pressure you are under （ B） how positive events can change your life （ C） how stressful a major event can be （ D） how you can deal with life-changing events 24 Why is “such simplistic advice“(Line 1, Para. 3)impossible to follow? （ A） No one can stay on the same job for long. （ B） No prescription
39、is effective in relieving stress. （ C） People have to get married someday. （ D） You could be missing opportunities as well. 25 According to the passage people who have experienced ups and downs may become_. （ A） nervous when faced with difficulties （ B） physically and mentally strained （ C） more cap
40、able of coping with adversity （ D） indifferent toward what happens to them 25 Every so often, late at night, David Woodland steals away to the den of his home in Aberdeen, Washington, so that he can check stock prices on the Internet. Mr. Woodland, a 78-year-old retired insurance salesman, delights
41、at how with the click of a mouse, he can tap into the facts and fortunes of Wall Street. “If I get a bright idea late at night,“ Mr. Woodland said, “I go into the office, fire up the computer and put a buy or sell order in.“ While online trading is popularly regarded as the province of any traders i
42、n their 20s and 30s, jumping in and out of the market to make quick profits, it is now being invaded by millions of people like Mr. Woodland senior investors who bring much larger accounts and more stability to this fast-growing corner of the markets. The low cost of doing business online now as lit
43、tle as $7 a trade and the excitement of riding a bull market are the lures(诱惑 )for many older investors just as they are for the young. They are dismissing their full-service brokers, who offer research and advice but often charge more than $100 a trade, and instead are picking their own stocks, aft
44、er downloading companies annual reports and other research basics. “These things are incredible tools, now in the hands of an individual investor,“ said Carol Potts, 56, a retired crafts designer in Santa Barbara, California. “Theres no reason for me to have financial advisers. I am very analytical,
45、 and I like to get involved in research.“ According to a survey this fall of 630 people over 50 by Charles Schwab & Co., many older investors say the Internet has made them more confident about their investments and more willing to trust their own judgment. But such confidence may also cause some to
46、 gamble away their retirement nest eggs, financial experts warn. “If stocks enter a bear market, it could prove disastrous for retirees, who are so dependent on their savings.“ 26 The main idea of the passage is that _. （ A） online trading attracts more and more retirees to get involved （ B） online
47、trading is more suitable for the old than for the young now （ C） online trading enables the retirees to get rid of their advisers （ D） online trading offers incredible tools and high profits to investors 27 People generally believe that online trading is a practice of_. （ A） senior investors （ B） pe
48、ople in a specific province （ C） relatively young people （ D） groups made up of 20 or 30 traders 28 The elderly investors no longer employed the stock brokers mainly because _. （ A） the brokers cant give the investors advice useful enough （ B） the brokers charge too high a fee for their service （ C）
49、 the brokers are not so analytical as the investors （ D） the brokers are not as helpful as the Internet 29 The retired crafts designer Carol Potts sounds to be _. （ A） very analytical （ B） quite shrewd （ C） kind of seasoned （ D） rather confident 30 Compared with other age groups, why should older investors be more cautious about their investment? （ A） They often turn a deaf ear to others advice. （ B） They tend to be more gambling in nature. （ C） They are not so quick-witted a
