1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 1017及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled What Do We Expect From a Friend? You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words following the outline given below. 1每个人都需要朋友 2不同的人对朋友有着不同的期待和要求 3我的观点 What
2、Do We Expect From a Friend? 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the
3、information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 New pressure on colleges to disclose graduates earnings Joyce English was about to start studying toward an associate d
4、egree she hoped would lead to a job as a consultant to healthcare companies around Tacoma, Wash. , where she lives. Then she discovered a database created by the states workforce training agency estimating what shed earn with that degree versus how much she could make in other jobs with other majors
5、 and degrees from colleges and universities across the state. They paid more, she found. “You obviously want something out of your education,“ says English, who changed her mind and is now majoring in what she learned is the more lucrative(可赚大钱的 )field of business management at Pierce College. “You
6、dont want to go into something thats going to pay you less than it cost to go to college. “ Efforts to disclose the earnings potential of degrees in specific majors from particular colleges and universities are picking up steam, promising to bring competitive pressure to bear on institutions by stee
7、ring students away from programs with lower market value and colleges whose graduates fare poorly and holding higher education directly accountable for the return on investments made by families and taxpayers. “Were on the cusp here of something really big,“ says Grover “Russ“ Whitehurst, a senior f
8、ellow at the Brookings Institution who was an assistant secretary in the US Department of Education during the George W. Bush administration, 1. Comparing schools, too Wage information by major, degree and institution was made available for the first time this fall in Arkansas, Tennessee and Virgini
9、a, which joined Florida and Washington. Colorado, Nevada and Texas are in the process of producing it, and a bill in Congress would require every college in the country to disclose the average annual earnings of its graduates. The data already released reveal not only which majors pay more than othe
10、rs, but which universities graduates earn more and which earn less. In Virginia, for instance, graduates of four-year nursing programs earn more than twice as much as liberal-arts majors, on average, and graduates of the University of Richmond make almost 72 percent more than graduates of Hollins Un
11、iversity. Despite the appearance of choice, says Whitehurst, theres historically been “no reliable information on which consumers can base a rational decision“ about which college to attend. “But lots of students are making this decision largely for one reason, which is to improve their economic pro
12、spects. And not giving them that information has put all the power in the hands of the sellers instead of the consumers. “ In fact, nearly 90 percent of incoming freshmen say the main reason they enrolled in college was “to be able to get a better job,“ UCLAs Higher Education Research Institute repo
13、rts. “And probably 100 percent of their parents say that,“ says Schneider. State legislators and governors are also looking more closely at what theyre getting for the money they put into public higher education. “The question is, what are we getting out of that support?“ says Tod Massa, director of
14、 policy research and data warehousing at the State Council of Higher Education for Virginia, where it was the General Assembly that ordered the creation of that states earnings database. 2. Difficulty in making comparisons The information has significant limitations. It can be hard to find and diffi
15、cult to follow, for example. Proponents hope it will be picked up by private college-rankings services such as Barrons and The Princeton Review and distributed more widely. It typically provides earnings of people only a year after they graduate, and it compares colleges that admit considerably diff
16、erent kinds of students who go on to work in places where living costs and wages vary. The information is also based on such things as state unemployment insurance records, so it doesnt take into account graduates who work for the federal government, join the military, move away or go on to graduate
17、 school. An analysis by the University of Virginia found that 22 percent of its degree recipients(接受者 )went on to graduate school and 43 percent left the state, meaning they werent being counted. But the data could eventually put substantial pressure on colleges and universities whose poor rates of
18、return cost them applicants and state support in favor of institutions with the best results. “Its the no-name comprehensives, the regional campuses, the third-tier not-for-profits their business model is going to be held up and people are going to ask about it,“ Schneider says. “ Why are you chargi
19、ng me $ 40 000 a year? Whats the outcome at the end of the day? What am I getting for all this time and money? “ Higher-education leaders complain that judging degrees based on prospective wages diverts students from the liberal arts and overemphasizes narrow skills and majors, not the broad knowled
20、ge they say employers really want, including the ability to problem-solve and communicate clearly. 3. Whats the return on investment? But proponents of disclosing earnings say spiraling(螺旋形的 )tuition is driving the demand for information about returns on families investments in a college education.
21、Thats the same force behind a contentious(有争议的 )regulation proposed by the US Department of Education called the “gainful employment“ rule, which would disqualify from federal financial aid those programs in fields whose earnings arent enough to justify their students loan debt. The proposal has sta
22、lled by litigation brought by for-profit colleges and universities. Senator Ron Wyden has introduced legislation that would require colleges to disclose the average annual earnings of their graduates, along with such things as average debt. “Students are entitled to know the value of their education
23、 before they go out and borrow tens of thousands of dollars from the banks and from the government“ to pay for it, Wyden says. “Right now, consumers dont have this information.“ Mark Schneider says that, given what colleges and universities charge, they shouldnt object to being judged on graduates e
24、arnings. “Leave us alone,“ he declares, mimicking what he says are the universities arguments. “Our students dont get jobs, but its not my problem. They dont graduate, but its not my problem. Weve heard all these things. So I say, Show me the return on investment. Show me what happens when you gradu
25、ate. If you want to talk like that, then show me the outcome. “ 2 What can the states workforce training agency provide? （ A） Suggestions on university choosing. （ B） Information about estimated income. （ C） Guidance on job interview. （ D） Instruction on database establishment. 3 What is the influen
26、ce after disclosing the earnings potential of degrees? （ A） It will be harder for students to get high market value degrees. （ B） Families and taxpayers will subsidize the poor students. （ C） The programs with lower market value will lose students. （ D） Colleges and universities will advertise thems
27、elves. 4 What measure will the government take to collect wage information? （ A） To require universities promise of confidentiality. （ B） To force graduates to disclose their annual earnings. （ C） To ask colleges to provide their graduates annual earnings. （ D） To set up special agencies to collect
28、wage information. 5 What does Whitehurst think of college choices? （ A） Wage information complicates students choice. （ B） Most students can make rational decisions. （ C） Its hard for people to get the reliable information. （ D） Colleges are in the advantage of being in the sellers market. 6 What ar
29、e state legislators and governors concerned about? （ A） The profit of colleges and universities. （ B） The educational cost of students. （ C） The return on their investment in the higher education. （ D） The investment in the earning database. 7 What is the limitation of the earnings information? （ A）
30、 It does not cover all the majors in colleges. （ B） It only shows earnings shortly after graduation. （ C） It is released in very traditional and limited ways. （ D） It does not include information from private colleges. 8 What do higher-education leaders think of earnings information? （ A） They feel
31、it can force colleges to improve. （ B） They believe it helps students to choose colleges. （ C） They worry that students may be misled. （ D） They think it will give companies more pressure. 9 According to the “gainful employment“ rule, those programs with too low earnings will be_ from federal financ
32、ial aid. 10 Senator Ron Wyden believed the legislation should require colleges to publish the information of_ 11 In Mark Schneiders opinion, colleges and universities should support the idea of being judged on _ Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long co
33、nversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which
34、is the best answer. （ A） Hes been out the whole day. （ B） Hes suffering from a bad cold. （ C） Hes taken some herbal medicine. （ D） Hes half-a wake and dizzy. （ A） Bill Brown was badly hurt in that auto accident. （ B） The doctor is worried about Bill Browns daughter. （ C） Bill Browns colleagues helpe
35、d him to pay the doctors bill. （ D） Everybody knows that the doctor has charged too much money. （ A） Collect papers for the man. （ B） Do the typing once again. （ C） Check the paper for typing errors. （ D） Read the whole paper once again. （ A） They should stay at home and do nothing. （ B） They should
36、 find another way to the airport. （ C） They should leave early to avoid the congestion. （ D） They should listen to the traffic report on the radio. （ A） Looking for her glasses. （ B） Coming to visit Henry. （ C） Hurrying to the philosophy class. （ D） Trying to contact the philosophy teacher. （ A） She
37、 has to finish the reading assignment this week. （ B） She will join the club activities. （ C） She doesnt think the man will like the movie. （ D） She wonders whether the man has made up his mind. （ A） She does not like dancing at all. （ B） She didnt watch the show last night. （ C） She was having a co
38、nference last night. （ D） She often stays up to watch the show. （ A） Buying a painting in the gallery. （ B） Commenting on a picture. （ C） Talking about a disaster. （ D） Finding a place in the gallery. （ A） To chat online with his brother. （ B） To search for information for his research. （ C） To join
39、 the newsgroup for discussion. （ D） To give advice for Internet users. （ A） They are attracted by online information. （ B） They are fond of online games. （ C） The users cant resist the temptation of online games. （ D） The online game developers are mostly for profit. （ A） Getting useful things when
40、they are online. （ B） Dont play any online games. （ C） Using dial-up access instead of broadband Interenet access. （ D） Focusing their time on news and information. （ A） Student and teacher. （ B） Student and bank clerk. （ C） Customer and shop assistant. （ D） Visitor and government official. （ A） A c
41、heck guarantee card. （ B） A check book and a credit card. （ C） A check book and a connect card. （ D） A transfer book and a debit card. （ A） The student accounts offer a large amount of interest. （ B） The student accounts can be opened and closed easily. （ C） The student accounts guarantee that the c
42、heck will be honored. （ D） The student accounts offer a 250 overdraft limit at a lower rate of interest. （ A） His diploma and degree certificate. （ B） His identification card and passport. （ C） His student ID and passport. （ D） A letter that proves he gets a grant as well as his identification. Sect
43、ion B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） He was
44、 six foot seven inch tall. （ B） He was a librarian and administrator. （ C） He had a heart transplant but failed. （ D） He suffered from heart disease and lung cancer. （ A） An artificial heart, battery, a controller, and a transmitter. （ B） An artificial heart, battery, wall outlet, and a transmitter.
45、 （ C） An artificial heart, battery pack, wall outlet, and a transmitter. （ D） An artificial heart, battery pack, a controller, and a transmitter. （ A） Tools mobility completely recovered. （ B） Tools mobility is limited. （ C） Tools still had great difficulty in moving. （ D） Tools cant get used to the
46、 artificial heart. （ A） To warn travelers to take care of their belongings. （ B） To tell travelers how to find their lost luggage. （ C） To provide information about hotels and stations in London. （ D） To advise travelers about how to look after their belongings. （ A） Let the hotel take care of valua
47、ble things. （ B） Take cash, credit cards along with you wherever you go. （ C） If something is lost in the hotel, report it to the police. （ D） Tell the serial numbers on the travelers checks to the hotel manager. （ A） Go to the luggage office. （ B） Go to the nearest police station. （ C） Report it to
48、 the officials of the station. （ D） Go to the Lost Property Office at the station. （ A） In the 17th century. （ B） In the 15th century. （ C） In the 18th century. （ D） In the 16th century. （ A） Because it was pretty old. （ B） Because it was an interesting architecture. （ C） Because it was at the seasi
49、de. （ D） Because it was the only modern building there. （ A） To welcome the tourists. （ B） To make money. （ C） To keep the tourists away. （ D） To attract the tourists. （ A） In order to have more peace. （ B） In order to earn more money. （ C） In order to welcome more visitors. （ D） In order to enjoy modern life. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. Whe
