1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 117及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 1. 随着私家车越来越多，人们开始选择自驾游的方式外出旅行； 2自驾游的利与弊； 3我的观点 The Popularity of Self-Drive Tourism 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer
2、 the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 2 The Risk
3、of Tanning (日晒 ) This is just the time of year when the temptation to hit a tanning salon (沙龙 ) is highest, particularly for women, who make up an estimated 70 percent of tanning customers. With wedding season around the corner, and beach weekends not far off, a lot of women think they need some “he
4、althy color“ to look their best. But dermatologists (皮肤专家 ) say that there is no such thing as a healthy “real“ tan. “A tan is essentially an injury to the skin,“ says Dr. Henry Lim, chairman of the department of dermatology at the Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit. “Tanning is just a reaction by the s
5、kin to try and protect itself.“ While most people know they have to have sunscreen whenever theyre in the sun for more than a few minutes, theres a lot of confusion about the relative merits and risks of tanning salons. Promoters say tanning machines are healthy because they emit mostly ultraviolet
6、(紫外线 ) A (UVA) rays, which cause most sunburns. But dermatologists say theres a growing stack of research that UVA rays are more damaging than originally thought. The UVA rays generated by tanning beds penetrate much deeper into the skin than the sun does, says Lim. For people concerned about their
7、skins appearance, thats a big problem, since most prematurely wrinkled, spotted and leathery skin can be blamed on exposure to ultraviolet radiation. More troublesome is the increased risk of skin cancer associated with UV rays. Sunburns have long been associated with skin cancer, and Dr. Scott Fosk
8、o, chairman of dermatology at St. Louis University School of Medicine, says people can get burned in tanning salons as well as from the sun. “The tanning industry says tanning beds are a safe way to get a tan, but I see a lot of people who use tanning beds who get burned,“ he says. “They are not so
9、simple.“ Those with the lightest skin need to be the most careful. But even if you dont get burned, skin experts say UVA rays deep penetration into the skin causes genetic damage and increases the risk of malignant melanoma (恶性黑色素 ), the most serious type of skin cancer. Dermatologists are particula
10、rly distressed at the growing number of younger people developing melanoma and other skin cancers. A recent review of skin cancer studies, conducted by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, concluded that people under 35 who use tanning beds increase their risk of developing melanoma by 7
11、5 percent. Meanwhile, the Indoor Tanning Association countered this unfavorable news by launching a media blitz in March accusing dermatologists of ignoring the positive benefits of sun exposure, including the natural production of vitamin D. Their new website, also launched in March, goes as far as
12、 to say “there is no compelling evidence that UV exposure causes melanoma“. Many people start using tanning beds when theyre teenagers, researchers say. A 2003 study done at Case Western Reserve University found that nearly 40 percent of white American teens have used a tanning bed at least once, an
13、d 47 percent of 18-and-19-year-olds say theyve used them repeatedly. “A lot of these places set up shop close to schools and place ads in the school newspapers,“ Fosko says. Thats one reason most states have instituted age restrictions and some now require parental permission or presence on site. Th
14、is type of regulation has limited effect, however. Not only is enforcement spotty, Fosko says research indicates that many kids get hooked on tanning because their parents are regular customers. More government restrictions may be coming soon. While tanning equipment is currently required to have wa
15、rning labels, Congress last year passed the TAN Act, which directed the Food and Drug Administration to determine what changes, if any, need to be made to sunbeds warning labels to make them more noticeable, accurate and understandable to consumers. The report is due in this September. For those who
16、 want the look without the risk, dermatologists recommend self-tanning products containing dihydroxyacetone (DHA) as a safer alternative to real tans. These products simply stain the top layer of skin; theres no real change at the cellular level. While the first generation of these products made the
17、 skin look more orange than tan, the quality of the cosmetic effect has improved in recent years, and now the difference is harder to detect. “These products are not dangerous, but they do give you that tan glow,“ says Dr. Diane Berson, a dermatologist who practices in New York City. Some manufactur
18、ers combine a moisturizer (护肤露 ) with a self-tanner so you can accomplish two things at once. While the resulting “tan“ will eventually wash or flake off, you can maintain the look by reapplying the cream every couple of days, as directed on the container. Its important to understand, however, that
19、these bottle tans are only cosmetic. That means you dont have the kind of “base tan“ that offers a little protection against sunburn. Those whose skin is naturally pale are as vulnerable to burns as they were before their skin turned artificially darker. Youll need to regularly apply sunscreen (15 S
20、PF or higher) every couple of hours, anytime you go out in the sun. What remains unclear, adds Lim, is whether spray-on tans (which are also offered by many tanning bed salons) are themselves completely safe. “We dont have data that says whether the sprays, if inhaled, would cause any harm,“ he said
21、. “The presumption is that they are safe, but we have no data at this point.“ Doctors also warn against so-called tanning pills, which are illegal for sale in the U.S. but can often be found on the Internet. Dermatologists are hoping that those who prefer a tan will at least try to achieve the look
22、without doing long-term damage to their skin. “If you look at the older movie stars,“ Berson says, “youll see that the ones who still look great are the ones who stayed out of the sun and didnt allow their skin to get tan, dry and wrinkled.“ So if you want to look like a movie star, why not try to l
23、ook like one of the smart ones. 2 Among those tanning customers, it is estimated that most of them are _. （ A） kids （ B） the old （ C） women （ D） men 3 Why do those promoters think the tanning machines are healthy? （ A） Because they are scientifically designed. （ B） Because they have high quality con
24、trol. （ C） Because they can emit those harmful rays. （ D） Because they are comfortable. 4 What is the attitude of Fosko toward tanning salons? （ A） Positive. （ B） Negative. （ C） Neutral. （ D） Interested. 5 According to the International Agency for Research on Cancer, those people under 35 who tried
25、tanning are much easier to get_ （ A） sunburning （ B） melanoma （ C） healthy stanning （ D） great look 6 What is the finding of the 2003 study conducted at Case Western Reserve University? （ A） About 40 percent of American teens have tried tanning at least once. （ B） About 47 percent of white American
26、teens have tried tanning repeatedly. （ C） About 47 percent of American teens have tried tanning repeatedly. （ D） About 40 percent of white American teens have tried tanning at least once. 7 Fosko pointed out that many kids get addicted to tanning because they _ （ A） enjoy tanning themselves （ B） wan
27、t to make them look healthy （ C） dont know the risk of tanning （ D） are affected a lot by their parents 8 What is the direct purpose of passing the TAN Act? （ A） To tell people the forbidden place where to get tanning. （ B） To increase customers attention to the risk of Tanning. （ C） To force manufa
28、cturers to make standard warning labels. （ D） To warn people of the increased danger of get tanning. 9 As a safer alternative to real tans, self-tanning products containing dihydroxyacetone (DHA)can only protect _. 10 According to Lim, it hasnt been known whether the spray-on tans are _. 11 Berson t
29、hought that those older movie stars still look great because they tried to keep away from _ Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversa
30、tion and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） The man has earned little money. （ B） The woman has earned a lot of money. （ C） The man has ear
31、ned a lot of money. （ D） The man has given the woman a lot of money. （ A） Listening to the radio. （ B） Looking at the photos. （ C） Watching television. （ D） Reading newspaper. （ A） The milk is safe to drink. （ B） The milk is not safe to drink. （ C） She shouldnt have bought the milk. （ D） He wouldnt
32、have milk for breakfast. （ A） He is thoughtful. （ B） He is forgetful. （ C） He is careless. （ D） He is helpful. （ A） Go right into the office. （ B） Come back at four. （ C） Wait a short time. （ D） Change the appointment. （ A） The new teacher is sick. （ B） He hasnt met the teacher yet. （ C） There are t
33、hree new teachers. （ D） He doesnt like the teacher. （ A） Moving into a different office in the department. （ B） Taking a day off from studying. （ C） Joining other students in the department. （ D） Finding more students to help with the move. （ A） He should look for a battery at the drugstore. （ B） Th
34、e drugstore may not be open at this hour. （ C） He should have tried the radio earlier. （ D） She doesnt know how to open the radio. （ A） A meeting with directors in the bank. （ B） Schedule for a business trip. （ C） The building, of a new plant. （ D） Reservation of flight tickets. （ A） Leaving for New
35、 York. （ B） Flying back to the office. （ C） Visiting the new factory. （ D） Attending the Sales Meeting. （ A） Arranging a car to pick up the man. （ B） Booking a room for the man. （ C） Phoning the embassy about the visa. （ D） Contacting the bank about the travelers cheques. （ A） To get medical treatme
36、nt. （ B） To take a final exam. （ C） To find out the exam schedule. （ D） To get an extension for a paper. （ A） He has been ill. （ B） He hasnt yet found a topic. （ C） He was busy studying for the exam. （ D） He didnt know the deadline. （ A） More days will be given. （ B） He can hand in the paper next te
37、rm. （ C） He has to study the course again. （ D） He must hand in the paper as scheduled. （ A） Send a copy to professor Brown. （ B） See Dean Williams later. （ C） Ask the doctor to sign his form. （ D） Visit his professor. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end
38、 of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） The woman will invite the man to a home-cooked meal. （ B） The man will pick. the wo
39、man up at her home. （ C） They will pay their own expenses respectively. （ D） The woman may take the initiative in inviting the man. （ A） The woman will stay at home waiting for the man to call her. （ B） The man will take the woman home at the end of the date. （ C） The man pays all the expenses. （ D）
40、 The woman pays her own expense. （ A） Their only place is in the home. （ B） They make nearly half of the work force in the U. S. （ C） Few of them hold positions of great responsibility and authority. （ D） There are still discriminations aganist women in America. （ A） Vitamin A. （ B） Vitamin B. （ C）
41、Vitamin C. （ D） Vitamin D. （ A） Skin disease. （ B） Nervous system disease. （ C） Heart disease. （ D） Feet disease. （ A） Vitamin A is essential only to adults eyesight. （ B） Vitamins can only be found in meat, fruit and vegetables. （ C） A well balanced diet will provide enough vitamins. （ D） Vitamins
42、can be manufactured, we then need not try to balance our diet. （ A） It can be done anywhere, anytime. （ B） It can be done at home in the evening. （ C） It can be done in the park at weekends. （ D） It can be done in the office in the morning. （ A） Walking doesnt stretch muscles too much. （ B） Walking
43、is the best way to keep fit. （ C） Walking doesnt put high pressure on bones and joints. （ D） Walking makes muscles and joints tense with gentle stretch. （ A） Your physical health. （ B） Your emotional health. （ C） Your muscle strength. （ D） Your blood pressure. （ A） They felt happy and relaxed. （ B）
44、They felt thirsty and sleepy. （ C） They felt tired and uncomfortable. （ D） They felt less tired and more energetic. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the pass
45、age is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or
46、write down the 37 We often pass on little bits of information to our children, not .knowing ff they are true, and only because they were【 B1】 on to us. This is usually how myths spread. Many myths about snakes exist, and it can be fun to try and【 B2】 out how these stories originated. I have learned
47、from my hobby of studying these myths that they often start when one person【 B3】 a phenomenon incorrectly and passes on the false information. It always【 B4】 me to see how quickly the misbelieve spread even though science has already identified and proved the contrary. One common and colorful【 B5】 i
48、s that the well-known garter snake swallows its young to save them from danger. The daily【 B6】 of these snakes are well known in the United States because they tend to reside in parks and gardens. They like to live among greenery and in areas well【 B7】 by plant life. Many children as well as adults
49、enjoy observing these【 B8】 because they see them quite often. Like all snakes, the garter swallows its food whole. Unlike most snakes, on the other hand, the garter【 B9】 . I hypothesize that out ancestors, while observing the garter snakes, assumed that the snake had previously【 B10】 . Not many people know that garters are one of the few snakes that can bear live snakes. Unable to challenge the power of this creative myth,【 B11】 . 37 【 B1】 38 【 B2】 39 【 B3】 40 【 B4】 41 【 B5】 42 【
