1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 15及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic: Computers or Books. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below. 1. 一些人认为图书馆应该购买更多电脑 2. 另一些人认为应该购买更多图书 3. 你的看法 Computers or Books 二、 Part II R
2、eading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for
3、 NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 2 Advertising and Public Relations: The Pretty Package Back in 1960, when the role of advertising and public relations in politics first became apparent, Life ma
4、gazine quoted one campaign strategist as saying, “I can elect any person to office if he has $60,000, an IQ of at least 120, and can keep his mouth shut.“ Since the 1896 campaign, the election of a President has been determined largely by the ability of information specialists to generate favorable
5、publicity. In recent years that publicity has been supplanted(代替 ) by heavy spot buying on electronic media. So many factors are involved in choosing a President that it is hard to say with any real empirical confidence how important any single medium is. The most talked-about medium in American pol
6、itics is television. Highly publicized debates between candidates in 1960, 1976, and 1980 appear to have affected the outcomes. Richard Nixon(the early favorite) would probably not have lost to Kennedy if it were not for his poor showing on TV. Similarly, the 1976 debates probably clinched Jimmy Car
7、ters narrow victory over Gerald Ford, and Ronald Reagan appeared to be the victor in the 1980 debates. Yet there were other elections where, according to political analyst Edward Chester, no amount of TV exposure could have changed the outcome. Goldwater versus Johnson in 1964 and Nixon versus McGov
8、ern in 1972, both cases contain overwhelming winning. Television commercials seem to work best in close elections or in those where there is a large undecided vote. According to the Associated Press, Fords TV spots during the 1976 campaign probably swung over 100,000 undecided voters a clay during t
9、he last few months of the campaign. What effect does television have on the candidates themselves? It establishes orders of importance that are different from those of an earlier day. The physical appearance of the candidate is increasingly important. Does he or she look fit, well-rested, secure? Lo
10、sing candidates like Adlai Stevenson, Hubert Humphrey, and Richard Nixon all seemed to look “bad“ on TV. Nixon overcame this problem in 1972 with ads that featured longer shots of him being “presidential“ flying off to China. Close-ups were avoided. Both John F. Kennedy and Jimmy Carter seemed more
11、at time with the medium, perhaps because both were youthful, informal, and physically active outdoor types. Dwight Eisenhower and Lyndon Johnson seemed to have a paternal, fatherly image on the small screen. All of the recent Presidents have learned how to use the medium to their advantage, to “stag
12、e“ events so as to receive maximum favorable coverage. Television has changed the importance of issues. It can be argued that since the 1960 presidential debates we have elected people, not platforms. This is a major departure from earlier years. Franklin Roosevelts radio charm cannot be denied, but
13、 he came to power with great success by one issue the Great Depression. All the print information we now receive is simpler and more condensed than ever before. Issues and print go together. Television is images, not issues. We develop a more personal, emotional feeling about the candidates. Jimmy C
14、arters spectacular rise to power was a testament to this new image orientation. No one really knew what he was going to do when he took office, since his entire campaign had been geared toward developing a relationship of trust with the electorate, “Trust me,“ he said. “Ill never lie to you.“ Anothe
15、r example was the election of Reagan in 1980. For some this represented the ultimate television victory. After all, what other country can claim that it has actually elected an actor President? It can be argued that Americans were tired of Carter and that Reagan simply offered an alternative. Yet th
16、roughout the campaign he offered us a media “vision“ of a “shining city on a hill.“ And what about his constant references to John Wayne, one of the “last great Americans“? My father, a long-time politician in southern California, has a favorite saying “The worst thing a candidate can do is get stuc
17、k in the issues. “This trend has alarmed countless media critics. Politicians, newscasters, and others have stood in line to denounce it. They assert that the important thing is what candidates stand for, not the candidates themselves. Almost everyone seems to agree that television has been harmful
18、to American politics; it has clouded the issues and confused the electorate. Media researchers Thomas E. Patterson and Robert D. McClure say the power of TV has been overrated and that (1)“Viewers of the nightly network newscasts learn almost nothing of importance about a presidential election,“ and
19、 (2)“People are not taken in by advertising images exaggerated and created in the minds.exposure to televised ads has no effect on voters images of the candidates.“ I disagree on both counts. If the Watergate mess proved anything, it was that we need a President we are comfortable with, one we feel
20、we know and can trust. Print afforded us no opportunity to get a “feel“ for the person. We could study the issues, read the speeches, yes but how would we “know“ the candidate as we might a neighbor or casual acquaintance? Television(and television advertising) provides an audiovisual record of the
21、candidate under all sorts of circumstances. It is with that knowledge that we can choose someone of integrity, at least someone with honorable intentions. Of course, TV cannot guarantee honest candidates, but we rejected Richard Nixon in 1960 and we might have again had he not so successfully avoide
22、d any informal coverage.( Remember he wouldnt let TV newscasters near him unless he had a suit on. For all we knew he wore a suit while walking on the beach.) Once he was President it was the intimate nature of the medium that helped bring him down. Even his well-rehearsed Watergate denials wouldnt
23、work. He would sit there, surrounded by flags and piles of transcripts, and swear he was innocent. Yet the profuse sweat on his brow and the look in his eyes seemed to confirm his guilt. Issues come and go, but we elect people to the presidency. In this fastmoving information environment, todays bur
24、ning issue is tomorrows historical footnote. Its far more important to develop a sense of what kind of person we are electing to the nations highest office. Television affords us that opportunity in a way no other medium can. 2 It can be inferred from the article about the impact of electronic media
25、 on presidential elections that before 1960 TV had little or no role in the outcome of an election. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 According to the author, wealth is the most important in electing a person to office. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 It can be inferred from the passage that television exposure didnt
26、 change the result in the Goldwater-Johnson election. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 That Nixon tried to make himself look smarter on TV in the 1970 election shows that he did care about TV exposure. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 The author agrees that in the 1980 election Reagan defeated Jimmy Carter because Am
27、ericans were tired of Carter. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 7 According to the anther, television, as well as primed matter, offer a good chance to study the character of the candidate. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 8 The author watched the Watergate trial carefully on the TV. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 9 There are thre
28、e factors mentioned in Life magazine by a campaign strategist that are needed to come into office. They are _. 10 The order of presidency of Reagan, Kennedy, Carter, Nixon, mentioned in this article, is _. 11 Television is harmful to American polities because it makes the issues and electorate _. Se
29、ction A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. Du
30、ring the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） 4 （ B） 3 （ C） 7 （ D） 8 （ A） She baked the cake herself. （ B） She bought it from the shop. （ C） She wants the man to bake it for her. （ D） The bakery baked the cake. （ A） To buy some potatoe
31、s. （ B） To pass him some potatoes. （ C） To have some potatoes. （ D） To help him look some potatoes. （ A） Jim looks nice in anything. （ B） Jim doesnt cook nice in the new shirt. （ C） Jim does not look nice in the old shirt. （ D） He wants Jim to lend him that shirt. （ A） The rain has stopped. （ B） She
32、 wants to soak her clothes. （ C） She is looking for her clothes. （ D） Its raining heavily. （ A） She will give him something to write. （ B） She doesnt know who took away his notebook. （ C） She wants to borrow some paper for him. （ D） He can borrow a notebook from her. （ A） She wants to go in another
33、day. （ B） It will depend on the weather. （ C） Its a nice day to go to class. （ D） Some of them can go swimming. （ A） He is very surprised to have such a bad weather. （ B） He doesnt think the train will be late. （ C） The train is late because of bad weather. （ D） Nobody will be surprised that the tra
34、in is late. （ A） In the office. （ B） In the market place. （ C） At a bus terminal. （ D） At a graduation party. （ A） Overseas sales. （ B） Local counseling. （ C） Accounting. （ D） Teaching. （ A） Dan. （ B） Donna. （ C） Mrs Morton. （ D） Pete. （ A） Since he was born. （ B） Since his early childhood. （ C） Two
35、 years. （ D） Two months. （ A） Two months ago. （ B） Five months ago. （ C） Five years ago. （ D） Eight years ago. （ A） The long, cold winters. （ B） Bad traffic at peak times. （ C） Noise from garbage trucks. （ D） So many police officers on the street. （ A） Exhaustion. （ B） Cold weather. （ C） The job opp
36、ortunity. （ D） The environment. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choic
37、es marked A, B, C and D. （ A） Magazines. （ B） Newspapers. （ C） Television. （ D） Internet. （ A） 17 minutes. （ B） 11 minutes. （ C） 48 minutes. （ D） 38 minutes. （ A） The holders of brokerage accounts spend more time on newspapers than other people. （ B） The Internet becomes a key part of media consumpt
38、ion by the brokerage account holders. （ C） People between the age of 25 and 54 spend more time on TV than those in other ages. （ D） The holders of brokerage accounts spend more time on the Internet than college students. （ A） Yes. Because he is never sick. （ B） Yes. Because he wakes up feeling good
39、every morning （ C） No. Because his heart muscle was severely, damaged. （ D） No. Because he suffered a heart attack. （ A） It is impossible for us to stop heart attacks and many people die for it. （ B） Advances in medicine help stop many heart attacks and keep people alive. （ C） Lifestyle changes have
40、 increased the number of heart attacks. （ D） We have the technology to cure all the heart attacks. （ A） The longer people live, the fewer heart attacks people will meet. （ B） The number of heart attacks is decreasing. （ C） There is no evidence that heart attacks are decreasing. （ D） We can fight aga
41、inst different types of heart disease. （ A） Mice. （ B） Rats. （ C） Monkeys. （ D） A, B and C （ A） The relationship between mice, rats and monkeys. （ B） The relationship between diet and animals. （ C） The relationship between diet and man. （ D） The relationship between diet and health. （ A） The first g
42、roup. （ B） The second group. （ C） The last group. （ D） All the three groups. （ A） Diet has nothing to do with health. （ B） The amount of food has something to do with health. （ C） Health depends on diet totally. （ D） Good food has nothing to do with health. Section C Directions: In this section, you
43、 will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered f
44、rom 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 37 Some of the notebooks George Washington kept as a young man are san in 【 B1】_. They show that he was learning Latin, was very interested in
45、the basics of good behavior in society, and was reading English 【 B2】 _. At school he seemed only to have bean interested in 【 B3】 _. In fact his formal education was 【 B4】 _ brief for a gentleman, and incomplete. For unlike other young Virginian gentlemen of that day, he did not go to the College o
46、f William and Mary in the Virginian 【 B5】 _ of Williamsburg. In terms of formal 【 B6】 _ then, Washington 【 B7】 _ sharply with some other early American Presidents such as John Adams, Thomas Jefferson and James Madison. In later years, Washington probably regretted his lack of 【 B8】 _ training. 【 B9】
47、 _, or on any subject that had not to do with everyday, practical matters. 【 B10】 _, he did not visit the country he admired so much. 【 B11】 _. 37 【 B1】 38 【 B2】 39 【 B3】 40 【 B4】 41 【 B5】 42 【 B6】 43 【 B7】 44 【 B8】 45 【 B9】 46 【 B10】 47 【 B11】 Section A Directions: In this section, there is a short
48、 passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. 48 For most of us, work is the central, dominating fact of life, we spend more than half our conscious hours at work, pre paring for work
49、, traveling to and from work. What we do there largely determines our standard of living and to a considerable extent the status we are accorded by our fellow citizen as well. It is sometimes said that because leisure has become more important the indignities and injustices of work can be pushed into a corner, that because most work is pretty intolerable, the people who do it should compensate for its boredom, frustrations and humiliations by co
