1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 23及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic My View on a Gap Year. You should write no more than 120 words, and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below: 1. 有人认为大学生读大学期间应休学实习一年 ( to have a g
2、ap year), 以获取相关的工作经验； 2. 也有人持不同的意见； 3. 我的看法 My View on a Gap Year 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for
3、YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 2 How Global Warming Works Gases in the Earths atmosphere act like glass in a green
4、house trapping heat and making life on Earth possible. But there is a delicate balance. Burning coal, oil and natural gas increases atmospheric concentrations of these gases. Over the past century, increases in industry, transportation, and electricity production have increased gas concentrations in
5、 the atmosphere faster than natural processes can remove them leading to human-caused warming of the globe. The Sources Of Global Warming The major source of global warming is carbon dioxide pollution from power plants, automobiles, and industry. Another source is global deforestation. Power plants
6、are responsible for more than a third of U.S. CO2 emissions, yet there are no caps on CO2 emissions from power plants or any other industry. Gas guzzling cars and light trucks are also responsible for a third of U.S. CO2 emissions. Current regulations allow for very inefficient vehicles which spew t
7、ons of CO2. Trees remove carbon dioxide from the air as they grow. When they are cut and burned CO2 is released back into the atmosphere. Massive deforestation around the globe is releasing large amounts of CO2 and decreasing the forests ability to take CO2 from the atmosphere. Solutions The U.S., w
8、ith only four percent of the worlds population, is responsible for 22 percent of the worlds greenhouse gas emissions. Fortunately, solutions exist to cut our global warming emissions. Decision makers in the United States should take the following steps. Increasing fuel efficiency standards for cars
9、and light trucks would cut millions of tons of CO2 pollution as well as decreasing dependence on foreign oil. Putting a cap on CO2 from power plants would cut millions of tons of CO2 pollution as well as decreasing pollution that causes acid rain, smog, and respiratory illness. Shifting investment f
10、rom fossil fuels like coal and oil to renewable energy and energy efficiency would allow cleaner, more sustainable sources of energy to take their rightful place as market leaders. Ratification of the Kyoto Protocol would be a modest but important first step toward international emissions reductions
11、. The Evidence Recently, alarming events that are consistent with scientific predictions about the effects of climate change have become more and more commonplace. The global average temperature has increased by about 0.5 and sea level has risen by about 10 inches(25 cm) in the past century. Officia
12、l confirmation came in 1995, when the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, an officially appointed international panel of over 2,500 of the worlds leading scientific experts, found that evidence suggests a human influence on the global climate. The following are events which consistent with sc
13、ientists predictions of the effects of global warming: The past two decades have witnessed a stream of new heat and precipitation records. The 10 hottest years on record have all occurred since 1980, the hottest year ever on record is 1997, and the hottest January through July on record occurred in
14、1998. Glaciers are melting around the world. Alaskas Columbia Glacier has retreated more than eight miles in the last 16 years while temperatures there have increased. A section of an Antarctic ice shelf as big as the District of Columbia broke off. Severe floods like the devastating Midwestern floo
15、ds of 1993 and 1997 are becoming more common. Infectious diseases are moving into new areas as seen in the recent outbreaks of Dengue fever in Texas and Malaria in New Jersey. The Opposition The Global Climate Coalition, a powerful coalition of oil, power, and auto companies has followed the lead of
16、 tobacco companies by denying the harm they cause. They have spent millions of dollars trying to discredit the scientific consensus of the IPCC and slow steps to combat global warming. The public has not fallen for their deception, but the Global Climate Coalition appears to have had some impact on
17、members of Congress. Health Risks Rates of infectious disease will rise, with the spread of mosquitoes and other disease-carrying organisms that thrive in warm, wet climates. More frequent and more severe heat waves will pose a threat to public health, with children and the elderly especially vulner
18、able. In the 1990s, outbreaks of malaria have occurred in Michigan, Texas, Florida, Georgia, California, New Jersey and New York. Two major heat waves in Chicago in 1995 and Dallas in 1998 killed more than 600 people. Environmental Destruction Rising global temperatures and melting of glaciers will
19、directly impact ocean and coastal habitats. Ecosystems will be destroyed and species will die off, as sea levels rise, seasons shift, and glaciers and polar ice caps melt. Polar bears are threatened with starvation as melting sea ice keeps them from their food. Catastrophic Weather Warmer temperatur
20、es will speed evaporation, leading to drought in some places and heavy downpours and flooding in others. Extreme weather events as well as El Ninno events may become more intense and more frequent. In 1999, the U.S. experienced one of the most extreme droughts ever recorded, and Maryland, New Jersey
21、, Rhode Island and Delaware faced their driest growing seasons on record. That same year, the Pacific Northwest experienced its second wettest year on record. Nevada, California and Iowa all experienced deadly floods. Recent years have seen record hurricanes, including the most destructive ever. Cle
22、an Energy Agenda A rapid transition to energy efficiency and renewable energy sources will combat global warming, protect human health, create new jobs, protect habitat and wildlife, and ensure a secure, affordable energy future. In contrast, our reliance on coal, oil and nuclear power imperils the
23、worlds climate, fouls the environment, harms human health, and results in the proliferation of nuclear materials. We can meet our energy needs without threatening our childrens future using commonsense ways to mobilize American ingenuity and resources for a rapid transition to renewable energy sourc
24、es. It will eliminate energy waste, phase out fossil fuels and nuclear power, and help the United States lead the world into a sustainable energy future. Clean Power In the next decade, increase fourfold the amount of energy obtained from non-hydro renewable sources such as the sun and wind. By 2020
25、, produce at least one-third of the nations energy from renewable sources, and double the efficiency of energy use in homes, buildings, transportation and industry. Clean Air Clean up our power plants by setting progressively tighter limits on all power plant pollution including carbon dioxide, the
26、major cause of global warming. Close the loophole that allows old coal-fired power plants to pollute much more than newer plants. Clean Cars Hold sport utility vehicles, pickup trucks and minivans to the same air pollution standards as cars. Improve the fuel efficiency of new cars and light trucks t
27、o a combined average of 45 miles per gallon(MPG) by 2010 and at least 65 MPG by 2020. Offer incentives that build strong markets for renewable fuels and for clean vehicles powered by hybrid motors and fuel cells. Clean Investments Quadruple federal investments in renewable energy and energy efficien
28、cy within five years, and continue this momentum over the long term. Stop spending taxpayer dollars to subsidize the coal, oil and nuclear industries. Provide adequate resources and job training for affected workers and communities to ensure a just transition to a sustainable energy economy. 2 The p
29、assage gives an overview of the effects of global warming on the United States. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 Slightly less than a third of CO2 emissions in the United States are caused by deforestation. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 The United States is the worlds No. 1 emitter of greenhouse gases. （ A） Y （ B）
30、 N （ C） NG 5 If American cars were slightly more efficient, the United States would not be dependent on foreign oil. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and the Global Climate Coalition have similar aims. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 7 Global warming endangers animals by d
31、amaging or destroying their habitats. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 8 Changing to a sustainable energy economy means that some workers in conventional energy industries will lose their jobs. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 9 _ are the largest source of greenhouse pollutants in the United States. 10 Higher temperature
32、s in the United States have encouraged disease-carrying organisms which spread _ such as malaria. 11 Rainfall patterns in the United States have been unusual in recent years, with some states experiencing drought whilst others experience _. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 shor
33、t conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A,
34、B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） Enjoyable. （ B） Moving. （ C） Inspiring. （ D） Dull. （ A） At 7:30. （ B） At 6:30. （ C） At 6:00. （ D） At 5:30. （ A） Six. （ B） Eight. （ C） Seven. （ D） Nine. （ A） She is satisfied. （ B） She is tired. （ C） She is impatient. （ D） She is happy. （ A） In Ho
35、ng Kong. （ B） On the way back. （ C） At home. （ D） In the university. （ A） She has too many dreams. （ B） She doesnt put her ideas into practice. （ C） She likes to sleep. （ D） She doesnt have many good ideas. （ A） She is not sure Tom is joking. （ B） She thinks Tom wants to go into business. （ C） She t
36、hinks Tom may sell his shop. （ D） She thinks Tom has already studied in university. （ A） The first car they saw is too expensive. （ B） They may save some money for the time being. （ C） She is happy with the price set by the seller. （ D） Less money win be spent in the lung run. （ A） From the Internet
37、. （ B） From the notice board. （ C） From his classmate living downstairs. （ D） From the woman. （ A） To attract more customers. （ B） To raise the price. （ C） To compete with other cafes on campus. （ D） To help with an academic research. （ A） A pen. （ B） A card with telephone number. （ C） A breakfast c
38、oupon. （ D） A questionnaire. （ A） At the beach. （ B） In Sun Company. （ C） At home. （ D） On campus. （ A） She missed her parents. （ B） She has a research project to complete. （ C） She stayed enough at the beach. （ D） She was afraid of her friends dogs. （ A） Her knees were injured. （ B） Her foot were w
39、et. （ C） She was tired. （ D） The sand was hot. （ A） There were sharks in the sea. （ B） She was injured. （ C） She didnt have time to swim. （ D） The water wasnt warm enough. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions.
40、 Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） sending them to the shop for some milk. （ B） telling them a dog has died. （ C） your shoe lace is undone （ D） eating something deli
41、cious food on the able （ A） her father lost a pen （ B） her father didnt know where his penny was. （ C） she told the father that he lost a penny （ D） her father wanted to buy something. （ A） she fooled her father. （ B） she wanted her father to pick it up. （ C） her father was looking for the penny. （
42、D） all of the above were not true. （ A） It is not really a new one. （ B） It is the new one but doesnt work properly. （ C） It is the new one but it is not nice looking. （ D） It is the new one but my friend doesnt like it. （ A） the milk went sour quickly （ B） the refrigerator had an unusual smell （ C）
43、 she doesnt cheek every comer inside （ D） she wiped the refrigerator out （ A） The shop promised to change another one （ B） The shop promised to repair it if you charge it （ C） The shop promised to repair it for free it if it broke down in the first three months. （ D） The shop promised to repair it f
44、or free it if it broke down in one month. （ A） To keep fish alive. （ B） To punish criminals. （ C） To preserve dead bodies. （ D） To help heal wounds. （ A） For making salted fish. （ B） For stealing salt. （ C） For taking salt from the kings table. （ D） For selling salt. （ A） He would lose his life. （ B
45、） He would lose an ear. （ C） He would lose all his salt. （ D） He would be heavily fined. （ A） Three thousand years ago. （ B） When man began to salt fish. （ C） When man began to preserve the dead. （ D） No one knows. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the
46、passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in th
47、e missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 37 Let us 【 B1】 _ that you are in the position of a parent. Would you allow your children to read any book they wanted without first checking its 【 B2】 _? Would you take your children to
48、 see any film without first finding out whether it is 【 B3】 _ for them? If your answer to these questions is “yes“, then you are just plain 【 B4】 _. If your answer is “no“, then you are exercising your right as a parent to protect your children from what you consider to be 【 B5】 _ influences. In oth
49、er words, by acting as an 【 B6】 _ yourself, you are 【 B7】 _ that there is a strong case for censorship. Now, of course, you will say that if is one thing to exercise 【 B8】 _ where children are concerned and quite another to do the same for adults. Children need protection and it is the parents responsibility to provide it. But what about adults? Arent they old enough to decide what is good for them? 【 B9】 _. Censorship is for the good of society as a whole. L
