1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 285及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on My Idea on How for Beijing to Prepare for the 2008 Olympic Games. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below. 1. 简述北京目前准备 2008年奥运会的情况； 2北京 2008年奥运会筹备过程
2、中存在的问题； 3我对北京如何办好这次奥运会的建议。 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the i
3、nformation given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Tourism Tourism, holidaymaking and travel these are days more significant social phenomena than most commen tators have
4、considered. On the face of it there could not be a more trivial subject for a book. And indeed since social scientists have had considerable difficulty explaining weightier topics, such as work or politics, it might be thought that they would have great difficulties in accounting for more trivial ph
5、enomena such as holidaymaking. However. there are interesting parallels with the study of deviance. This involves the investigation of bizarre and idiosyncratic social practices which happen to be defined as deviant in some societies but not necessarily in others. The assumption is that the investig
6、ation of deviance can reveal interesting and significant aspects of “normal“ societies. It could be said that a similar analysis can be applied to tourism. Tourism is a leisure activity which presupposes its opposite, namely regulated and organized work. It is one manifestation of how work and leisu
7、re are organized as separate and regulated spheres of social practice in “modem“ societies, Indeed acting as a tourist is one of the defining characteristics of being “modern“ and the popular concept of tourism is that, it is organized within particular place and occurs for regularized periods of ti
8、me. Tourist relationships arise from a movement of people to, and their stay in, various destinations. This necessarily involves some movement, that is the journey, and a period of stay in a new place or places. The journey and the stay are by definition outside the normal places, of residence and w
9、ork, and are of a short-term and temporary nature, and there is a clear intention to return home within a relatively short period of time. A substantial proportion of the population of modern societies engages in such tourist practices; new socialized forms of prevision have developed in order to co
10、pe with the mass character of the gazes of tourists, as opposed to the individual character of travel. Places are chosen to be visited and be gazed upon because there is an anticipation especially through daydreaming and fantasy of intense pleasures, either on a different scale or involving differen
11、t senses from those customarily encountered. Such anticipation is constructed and sustainedthrough a variety of non-tourist practices, such as films, TV, literature, magazines, records and videos which construct and reinforce this daydreaming. Tourists tend to visit features of landscape and townsca
12、pe which separate them off from everyday experience. Such aspects are viewed because they are taken to be in some sense out of the ordinary. The viewing of these tourist sights often involves different forms of social patterning with a much greater sensitivity to visual elements of landscape or town
13、scape than is normally found in everyday life. People linger over these sights in a way that they would not normally do in their home environment and the vision is objectified or captured through photographs, postcards films and so on which enable the memory to be endlessly reproduced and recaptured
14、. One of the earliest dissertations on the subject of tourism is Boorstins analysis of the “pseudo-event“ (1964) where he argues that contemporary Americans cannot experience “reality“ directly but thrive on “pseudo-events“. Isolated from the host environment and the local people, the mass tourist t
15、ravels in guided groups and finds pleasure in inauthentic contrived attractions, gullibly enjoying the pseudo-events and disregarding the real world outside. Over time the images generated of different tourist sights come to constitute a closed selfperpetuating system of illusions which provide the
16、tourist with the basis for selecting and evaluating potential places to visit. Such visits are made, says Boorstin, within the “environmental bubble“ of the familiar Americanstyle hotel which insulates the tourist from the strangeness of the host environment. To service the burgeoning tourist indust
17、ry, an army of professionals has developed who attempt to reproduce ever-new objects for the tourist to look at. These objects or places are located in a complex and changing hierarchy. This depends upon the interplay between, on the one hand competition between interests involved in the provision o
18、f such objects and, on the other hand, changing class, gender, and generational distinctions of taste within the potential population of visitors. It has been said that to be a tourist is one of the characteristics of the “modem experience“. Not to “go away“ is like not possessing a car or a nice ho
19、use. Travel is a marker of status in modem societies and is also thought to be necessary for good health. The role of the professional, therefore, is to cater for the needs and tastes of the tourists in accordance with their class and overall expectations. 2 People who cant afford to travel watch fi
20、lms and TV. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 Tourism is a trivial subject. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 An analysis of deviance lean act as a model for the analysis of tourism. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 Tourists usually choose to travel overseas. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 Tourists focus more on places they visit than
21、 those at home. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 7 Tour operators try to cheat tourists. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 8 Our concept of tourism arises from _. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 9 The media can be used to enhance _. 10 People view tourist landscapes in a different way from _. 11 Group tours encourage participants t
22、o look at _. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will
23、 be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） here are a lot of boxes in the way. （ B） The boxes might be too heavy for her to lift. （ C） Hes checking the tonnage. （ D） Hes almost finished. （ A） The man should play in th
24、e orchestra. （ B） All tickets are essentially the same. （ C） Theres standing room only. （ D） Orchestra seats are best. （ A） Come back later. （ B） Take a chance. （ C） Turn the page. （ D） Return the book. （ A） The man had better drop more than one. （ B） The mans course is the best of the four. （ C） Th
25、e man must be an excellent student. （ D） The mans idea is probably a good one. （ A） He likes biology enough to continue with it. （ B） His grades in science courses are very good. （ C） He hasnt taken enough courses in biology. （ D） He doesnt want to take any more science courses. （ A） Rice Should be
26、served with the chicken. （ B） The dishes here are never spicy. （ C） There really is chicken in the salad. （ D） Both the chicken dish and the salad taste spicy. （ A） 6:45. （ B） 7:45. （ C） 7:15. （ D） 6:15. （ A） He thinks she bought something for her aunt. （ B） He thinks she might have been there. （ C）
27、 He thinks she was there only briefly. （ D） He thinks she went to it on her way to the hospital. （ A） He has a cold. （ B） He has the flu. （ C） He has a stomachache. （ D） He has a toothache. （ A） Since Friday. （ B） Since Saturday. （ C） Since Sunday. （ D） Since Monday. （ A） Stay in bed. （ B） See anoth
28、er doctor. （ C） Drink chicken soup. （ D） Take herbal medicine. （ A） That they were in infinite. （ B） That they should be carefully conserved. （ C） That they were declining. （ D） That they were limited. （ A） Sea resources decline more rapidly than other resources. （ B） Fishing is important to industr
29、y. （ C） Fish are an important food source. （ D） Fish are more threatened than other animals. （ A） The decline would have no effect. （ B） The decline would affect only Europe. （ C） The decline would affect only America. （ D） The decline would have a global effect. （ A） Fabrics. （ B） Natural fibbers.
30、（ C） Primitive forms of cloth. （ D） Animal skins and furs. （ A） Walk the dog. （ B） Clean the house. （ C） Go to the doctors. （ D） Finish her assignment. （ A） 2:00 PM. （ B） 12:30 PM. （ C） 4:30 PM. （ D） 5:30 PM. （ A） Exciting. （ B） Rewarding. （ C） Disappointing. （ D） Exhausting. （ A） They cant decide o
31、n a video. （ B） Susans mother is going to use it. （ C） Susans mother is going to ask her to do something else. （ D） The machine isnt working. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the ques
32、tions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） It went out of use 300 years ago. （ B） It was invented after the short bow. （ C） It was discovered before fire and the wheel. （ D） Its still in use today. （ A）
33、They are accurate and easy to pull. （ B） Their shooting range is 40 yards. （ C） They are usually used indoors. （ D） They took 100 years to develop. （ A） At home. （ B） At church. （ C） At school. （ D） On the street. （ A） His hands were dirty. （ B） He would not go forward. （ C） He didnt obey the rules.
34、 （ D） He put out his hand. （ A） Disobedient. （ B） Stubborn. （ C） Optimistic. （ D） Naughty. （ A） A person who is awake early. （ B） A bird that catches the worm early in the morning. （ C） A plane which flies in the morning. （ D） A communications satellite in orbit round the earth. Section C Directions
35、: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard.
36、 For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 Henry Ford was the man who first started making cars in large【 B1】 _. He 【 B2】 _ didnt know how much the car was going
37、 to【 B3】 _American culture. The car made the United States a nation on【 B4】 _. And it helped make the United States what it is today. There are three main reasons why the car became so【 B5】 _in the United States. First of all, the country is a【 B6】 _one and Americans like to move around in it. The c
38、ar provides the most【 B7】 _and cheapest form of【 B8】 _. With a car people can go to any place without spending a lot of money. 【 B9】 _Long-distance trains have never been as common in the United States as they are in other parts of the world.【 B10】 _. The third reason is the most important one, thou
39、gh.【 B11】 _Americans dont like to wait for a bus, or a train or even a plane. They dont tike to have to follow an exact schedule. A car gives them the freedom that Americans want most to have. 37 【 B1】 38 【 B2】 39 【 B3】 40 【 B4】 41 【 B5】 42 【 B6】 43 【 B7】 44 【 B8】 45 【 B9】 46 【 B10】 47 【 B11】 Sectio
40、n A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.
41、 Please mark the corresponding letter for each item with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. 47 Let me begin today by saying that the American economy is basically a capitalistic economy. One of the important【 S1】 _of American style capitali
42、sm is【 S2】_ownership of property, including such things as houses sad land, businesses, and【 S3】 _property such as songs, poems, books, and inventions. The second characteristic is free enterprises. This means the freedom to produce, buy, and sell goods and labor without government【 S4】 _. The third
43、 characteristic is free competitive markets. Those businesses that succeed stay in the market, and those that fail must【 S5】 _the market. In this type of economy, not everyone will be able to find a job at every moment and not all businesses will be successful, but in pure capitalistic system, the g
44、overnment is not expected to【 S6】 _the natural economic forces. The idea in a pure capitalistic system is for the government to take a laissez-faire (放任的 ) attitude toward business. 【 S7】 _, in a purely capitalistic society the governments role would be【 S8】_a very few areas. For example, the govern
45、ment would make laws concerning contracts and property rights. The government would also be【 S9】 _national defense. 【 S10】 _, in a pure capitalist state the government would provide only those goods that private businesses could or would not ordinarily provide, such as roads and canals. A) character
46、istics B) occurs C) individual D) interfere with E) intervention F) intellectual G) well-being H) separated I) Thus J) leave K) Finally L) correspondence M) limited to N) responsible for O) reach 48 【 S1】 49 【 S2】 50 【 S3】 51 【 S4】 52 【 S5】 53 【 S6】 54 【 S7】 55 【 S8】 56 【 S9】 57 【 S10】 Section B Dir
47、ections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice. 57 A moments drilling by the dentist may make us nervous and upset. Many of us canno
48、t stand pain. To avoid the pain of a drilling that may last perhaps a minute or two, we demand the “needle“ a shot of novocaine (奴佛卡因 ) that deadens the nerves around the tooth. Now its true that the human body has developed its millions of nerves to be highly aware of what goes on both inside and o
49、utside of it. This help us adjust to the world. Without our nerves and our brain, which is a bundle of nerves we wouldnt know whats happening. But we pay for our sensitivity, We can feel pain when the slightest thing is wrong with any part of our body. The history of torture is based on the human body being open to pain. But there is a way to hand
