1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 393及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On College Students Occupying Seats. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below: 1. 在大学校园里， 占座是很普遍的现象； 2. 有人认为，大学生课前占座是不文明的行为，也有人持不同意见 3. 我的看法。 O
2、n College Students Occupying Seats 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees wi
3、th the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Change As relentlessly bad as the news about global warming seems to be, with ice at the poles melting faster th
4、an scientists had predicted and world temperatures rising higher than expected, there was at least a reservoir of hope stored here in Canadas vast forests. The countrys 1.2 million square miles of trees have been called the “lungs of the planet“ by ecologists because they account for more than 7 per
5、cent of Earths total forest lands. They could always be depended upon to suck in vast quantities of carbon dioxide, naturally cleansing the world of much of the harmful heat-trapping gas. But not anymore. In an alarming yet little-noticed series of recent studies, scientists have concluded that Cana
6、das precious forests, stressed from damage caused by global warming, insects and persistent fires, have crossed an ominous (危险的 ) line and are now pumping out more climate-changing carbon dioxide than they are sinking. Worse yet, the experts predict that Canadas forests will remain net carbon source
7、s, as opposed to carbon storage “sinks“, until at least 2022, and possibly much longer. “We are seeing a significant distortion of the natural trend,“ said Werner Kurz, senior research scientist at the Canadian Forest Service and the leading expert on carbon cycles in the nations forests. “Since 199
8、9, and especially in the past five years, the forests have shifted from being a carbon sink to a carbon source.“ Translation: Earths lungs have come down with emphysema(肺气肿 ). Canadas forests are no longer our friends. So serious is the problem that Canadas federal government effectively wrote off t
9、he nations forests in 2007 as officials submitted their plans to abide by the international Kyoto Protocol, which obligates participating governments to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions. Under the Kyoto agreement, governments are permitted to count forest lands as credits, when calculating thei
10、r national carbon emissions. But Canadian officials, aware of the scientific studies showing that their forests actually are emitting excess carbon, quietly omitted the forest lands from their Kyoto compliance calculations. “The forecast analysis prepared for the government . indicates there is a pr
11、obability that forests would constitute a net source of greenhouse gas emissions,“ a Canadian Environment Ministry spokesman told the Montreal Gazette. Canadian officials say global warming is causing the crisis in their forests. Inexorably rising temperatures are slowly drying out forest lands, lea
12、ving trees more susceptible to fires, which release huge amounts of carbon into the atmosphere. Higher temperatures also are accelerating the spread of a deadly pest known as the mountain pine beetle, which has destroyed pine forests across British Columbia and is threatening vital wood in the neigh
13、boring province of Alberta. More than 50,000 square miles of British Columbias pine forest have been stricken so far with the markers of death: needles turn bright red before falling off the tree. Bitter cold Canadian winters used to kill off much of the pine beetle population each year, naturally k
14、eeping it in check. But the milder winters of recent years have allowed the insect to grow rapidly. “Thats whats causing some of our forests to switch from a carbon sink position to a source position,“ said Jim Snetsinger, British Columbias chief forester. “Once those infested trees axe killed by th
15、e pine beetle, they are no longer taking in carbon - they are giving it off. “ Snetsiuger noted that eventually, over the course of a generation, some of the dying forests will begin to regenerate and once again begin storing more carbon than they release. But for the foreseeable future, experts say
16、, their models show that Canadas forests will stay stuck in a bad global-warming cycle, both succumbing to the effects of climate change and, as they decay and release more carbon, helping to accelerate it. That grim reality is stoking a new debate over commercial logging, one of Canadas biggest ind
17、ustries. Environmentalists contend that the extreme stresses on Canadas forests, particularly the old-growth northern forest, mean that logging ought to be sharply cut back to preserve the remaining trees-and the carbon stored within them- for as long as possible. Moreover, they argue that the proce
18、ss of logging releases even more carbon stored in the forest peat (泥炭 ), threatening to set off what they describe as a virtual “carbon bomb“ -the estimated 186 billion tons of carbon stored in Canadas forests, which is equivalent to 27 years worth of global carbon emissions from the burning of foss
19、il fuels(矿物燃料 ). “Theres only one thing which hauls all that carbon out of the forest, and thats logging,“ said Merran Smith, director of the climate program at the environmental group ForestEthics. “What we need to do is maintain as much biodiversity(生物多样性 )us we can, so we are prepared to adapt as
20、 temperatures change, so we have resilience(恢复力 ).“ But Kurz and other government scientists contend that logging less is no solution to the global warming problem and would in fact increase carbon emissions over the long term. Thats because, they argue, essential wood products for construction, fur
21、niture and other uses would have to be replaced with other man-made materials, such as plastic, steel or concrete, which require the burning of even more fossil fuels and therefore carbon emissions during their manufacturing process. “Its not as simple as saying, Log less and therefore have more car
22、bon sequestered in the forests, “ Kurz said. “That is true, but if in order to do that you have more fossil fuel emitted elsewhere, your impact on the climate may be negative. “ Instead, some scientists argue for more extensive logging of the remaining commercial forests so that older forests, which
23、 are most vulnerable to insect infestations and have nearly reached their carbon-storage capacity, can he replanted with younger trees that will take in even more carbon during their growing years. 2 Ecologists call Canadas 1.2 million square miles of trees “lungs of the planet“ for _. （ A） they bal
24、ance the world temperatures （ B） they are abundant to cleanse the earths atmosphere and play an important role in cleansing the earths atmosphere （ C） they could always suck in vast quantities of carbon dioxide （ D） they naturally cleanse much of the harmful heat-trapping gas 3 According to the scie
25、ntists, because of some damage, now Canadas forests _. （ A） are greatly damaged by global warming （ B） approach the threatening line （ C） take in less carbon dioxide than they produce （ D） become net carbon sources 4 According to Werner Kurz, what are the forests in Canada like today? （ A） They are
26、a significant distortion. （ B） They are changing to a new source. （ C） They have been a carbon sink. （ D） They have changed to a carbon source. 5 What do we learn about the international Kyoto Protocol according to the passage? （ A） It was established in 2007. （ B） It accords with Canadas federal la
27、w. （ C） It compels the governments to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions. （ D） It demands participating governments reduce greenhouse gas emissions. 6 According to Canadian officials, what is the reason for there being the crisis in their forests? （ A） The crisis of their forests is attributed to
28、 global warming. （ B） The forest lands are dried out by rising temperatures. （ C） The trees are more susceptible to fires. （ D） Huge amounts of carbon dioxide are released into the atmosphere. 7 Because of the mountain pine beetle, the needles of British Columbias pine forest _. （ A） cover more than
29、 50,000 square miles of British Columbia （ B） have been stricken with the markers of death （ C） turn bright red before falling off the tree （ D） have fallen off the tree 8 The milder winters of recent years make the pine beetle population _. （ A） decrease （ B） increase （ C） keep in check （ D） change
30、 9 In Merran Smiths eyes, the only method to draw all that carbon out of the forest is _. 10 Other man-made materials require the burning of even more fossil fuels during their manufacturing process and result in _. 11 Some scientists support replanting younger trees because during their growing yea
31、rs younger trees will _. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each questio
32、n there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） Move the plants away from the window. （ B） Put the plants under the sunshine. （ C） Stop watering the plants. （ D） Take the plants to her house. （ A） Turn the musi
33、c down. （ B） Find a quiet room. （ C） Keep the volume high. （ D） Close the door. （ A） He will lead the women to the stadium. （ B） He showed the wrong direction to the woman. （ C） He knows well how to read the map. （ D） He lives in the dormitory building. （ A） The rain stopped soon. （ B） It has been r
34、aining a day. （ C） It is about to rain. （ D） The rains are very heavy. （ A） His wife should excuse him. （ B） His wife has no reason to do that. （ C） He should have remembered it. （ D） He is right to be angry. （ A） He has not been to the new restaurant yet. （ B） He would like to go to the new restaur
35、ant with the woman. （ C） The food at the new restaurant is not very good. （ D） The restaurants atmosphere is very important to him. （ A） Take a part time job during the holiday. （ B） Ask for his parents help. （ C） Go traveling after the summer holiday. （ D） Give up the idea. （ A） No one was interest
36、ed in the discussion. （ B） Politics is a sensitive topic. （ C） The woman is not being serious. （ D） People should avoid discussing politics. （ A） He will meet her cousin sister at the station. （ B） He will ask for a leave from the class. （ C） He will have an interview. （ D） He will be on duty at the
37、 library. （ A） Visit the library. （ B） Show her around on the campus. （ C） Watch a film. （ D） Visit the stadium on the campus. （ A） She loves painting best. （ B） She isnt interested in arts. （ C） She is curious about campus. （ D） She is earnest for music. （ A） He works very hard for his last company
38、. （ B） He was in contact with computers every night. （ C） He has much experience in the networks. （ D） He has been fired by his last company. （ A） The person who knows much about computer games. （ B） The hard-working employee. （ C） The person who can get rid of all the difficulties. （ D） The person
39、who can create and manage the companys web site. （ A） A book. （ B） Web page. （ C） A kind of coffee. （ D） A computer game. （ A） The man will be hired as the worker of the company. （ B） They appreciate the man for his experience in computer games. （ C） They will not hire the man for he is just a game
40、player. （ D） The man is more competent for .playing computer games. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose
41、 the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） To reduce their mental stress. （ B） To increase their sense of success. （ C） To make sports less competitive. （ D） To make sports more challenging. （ A） They believe that criticism is beneficial for their early development. （ B） They
42、dont realize that criticism may destroy their self-confidence. （ C） They want to make them remember lifes lessons. （ D） They want to put more pressure on them. （ A） To teach young athletes how to avoid burnout. （ B） To persuade young children not to worry about criticism. （ C） To stress the importan
43、ce of positive reinforcement to children. （ D） To discuss the skill of combining criticism with encouragement. （ A） Hard work is the most important thing for ones success. （ B） Hard work may invite good luck. （ C） Good luck plays an important role in ones success, （ D） Success has nothing to do with
44、 luck. （ A） Working hard may prepare yourself opportunity. （ B） Success always depends on opportunity. （ C） Opportunity can replace hard work in job hunting. （ D） Working hard will ensure you success. （ A） Its Columbus pure luck. （ B） It proves that the earth is not round. （ C） It enriched the Ameri
45、can people. （ D） Its one of the biggest lucky mistakes. （ A） In a fast-food restaurant. （ B） At a shopping center. （ C） At a county fair. （ D） In a bakery. （ A） Avoid eating any food. （ B） Prepare the right type of pie to eat. （ C） Wash his hands thoroughly. （ D） Practice eating a pie quickly. （ A）
46、On the table. （ B） Behind his back. （ C） Under his bottom. （ D） On his lap. （ A） Looking sideways to see how fast your neighbor eats. （ B） Eating from the outside toward the middle. （ C） Swallowing the pie with water. （ D） Holding the pie in the right position. Section C Directions: In this section,
47、 you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks number
48、ed from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 French Defense Minister Michele Alliot-Marie says her government is【 B1】_to help train Iraqs police and military but rules out sending F
49、rench【 B2】_there. The French official made her【 B3】 _Friday in Washington, where she is【 B4】 _to smooth relations that soured over Frances opposition to the U. S.-led war in Iraq. Ms. Alliot Marie told a【 B5】 _at the Center for【 B6】 _and International Studies in Washington that France would be【 B7】 _to help train Iraqs future military and police forces,【 B8】 _to what France and Germany are doing in Afghanistan. Ms. Alliot-Marie,
