1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 457及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled My View on Train Ticket Scalper. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below. 1现在火车票贩子倒卖车票猖獗 2这种现象有何影响 3我的观点 My View on Train Ticket Scalper 二、 Pa
2、rt II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;
3、 N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Tips for Picking Charities in Gift-giving Season As cash registers ring and shopping bags sag(下垂 ), some choose not to give yet another pair of red-and-
4、green socks or a peppermint-scented candle, instead sharing the gift of philanthropy (慈善 ) by making a charitable donation in a loved ones name. Americans are generous givers, with charity donations hitting 306 billion in 2007, the first time the number broke 300 billion. Nonprofit health organizati
5、ons took in 23 billion of that haul, according to the Giving USA Foundation, a Glenview, . -based organization that tracks charitable giving. This year may be a bit leaner, says Patrick Rooney of the Center on Philanthropy at Indiana University in Indianapolis; during a recession giving falls by 1%
6、, he says. How do you decide where your dollars should go? There are nearly 1.8 million nonprofits collecting donations, according to the nonprofit Chicago-based American Institute of Philanthropy, which rates charities based on how they spend their money. The abundance of options can make choosing
7、a charity harder than selecting a Christmas cookie from the office party plate. Fortunately, several organizations rate charities to help donors select the best ones. In 2007, charity gift cards entered the Internet scene, allowing the gift recipient(接受者 ) to choose where the dollars go. Last year,
8、the nonprofit charity gift card distributor TisBest.ory helped givers distribute 280,000 to more than 200 charities. Here are a few tips on how to pick the best charity stocking to stuff with your dollars and how to make the process a joy for friends and loved ones. 1. Consider your recipient Charit
9、y donations are best suited for people who have all the material possessions they require. If someone on your list really needs a new pair of pants, get them the pants, says TisBest founder Erik Marks. In addition, select a charity that your recipient will appreciate. When in doubt, Gamble says, a c
10、hildrens health charity is always well-received. 2. Consult health professionals for recommendations If you have a particular condition in mind, ask hospitals, doctors and nurses what organizations they respect. “They would know whos doing the important research,“ says Daniel Borochoff, president of
11、 the American Institute of Philanthropy. But make sure to ask if your source is connected to the charity in any way-you want the advice to be unbiased, he said. 3. Offer the gift of choice If youd prefer to let your recipient pick the charity, several websites will make that easy for you. TisBest an
12、d JustGive.org, both nonprofits, let the gift card recipient choose where the money goes. Bear in mind that a transaction fee goes to the gift card distributor, which can be as high as 15% at CharityGiftCertificates.org, another nonprofit. And note that if the card recipient never logs on to make a
13、selection-as happens 15% of the time in the industry, Marks says-the distributor keeps the money, spending it as it sees fit. 4. Do your homework “Any guy with no morals can set up a charity and start requesting really easily,“ Borochoff says. Though most charities are legal, what they do with your
14、donation varies widely. For example, Borochoff says, “research“ could mean money for scientists to develop treatments-or it could mean market research to discover how to collect more donor dollars. Similarly, “education“ could refer to training doctors and nurses or it could mean that every solicita
15、tion for donations includes a reminder not to smoke. Ask what the charity has accomplished in the past, what programs youll be supporting and how your support will make a difference. 5. Check a charitys ratings “You dont have to go this alone,“ Borochoff says. Several services have done the backgrou
16、nd check for you. The American Institute of Philanthropy (CharityWatch.org) and Charity Navigator (CharityNavigator.org) send out letter grades and stars, respectively, based on how efficiently charities use your money. About one-fifth of the rated charities get an F, Borochoff says. The Better Busi
17、ness Bureau (give. org) tracks whether charities meet 20 standards of accountability regarding transparency of operations, the members of a board of directors, regular assessment of effectiveness, money management, honesty in donation solicitation and protection of donors privacy. In addition, nonpr
18、ofit groups tax returns are available for download ( with registration) at GuideStar.org, so you can see how much money they have and how they spend it-even how much goes home in executives paychecks. 6. Double-check the name Some charities sound similar but earn different ratings. For example, Char
19、ity Navigator gives the Childrens Cancer Center four stars, the maximum rating, but the Childrens Cancer Research Fund merits only two stars. 7. Crunch the numbers (计算，盘算 ) An efficient charity will spend at least 60%, and ideally 75% or more, of your donation on the programs they support, with 40%
20、or less going to donate more. 8. Make sure your privacy is protected Charities should promise not to share your contact or credit card information, or at least offer the chance to opt out of such a program. 9. Give directly to the charity “A lot of business interests have invaded the nonprofit field
21、,“ Borochoff says. Solicitors(推销员 ) that collect donations on a nonprofits behalf usually take a cut. In the case of telephone solicitations, for example, that cut averages two-thirds of your donation, he says. If you are giving through a third-party group, make sure it promptly passes the donation
22、on to your charity choice-otherwise, the money can go to the middlemans bank account. 10. Invite kids to participate Giving children a charity gift card along with this years Elmo incarnation and must-have video games can be a teaching opportunity, Marks says. “Its an introduction to sharing, an int
23、roduction to love and an introduction to decision-making.“ 11. Keep the dollar amount to yourself You wouldnt tell someone how much the gift of a Christmas sweater cost, Gamble says - nor should you share how much money you gave in their name. A simple note, telling your recipient about the donation
24、, will suffice. 12. Keep your receipts The tax break goes to the giver, not the receiver. For donations of more than 250, the Internal Revenue Service requires a receipt for itemized deductions ; for smaller donations, a cancelled check, bank record or letter from the charity is fine. 2 According to
25、 Patrick Rooney, this year charity donations will reduce to 303 billion. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 Chicago-based American Institute of Philanthropy tells how nonprofits spend their money. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 According to Gamble, you can select a childrens health charity which is always well-receiv
26、ed. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 Daniel Borochoff suggests that the donator should take unbiased advice. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 A transaction fee at CharityGiftCertificates.org is higher than that of other nonprofits. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 7 The American Institute of Philanthropy and Charity Navigator r
27、ate charities based on how efficiently charities use your money. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 8 Charity Navigator gives the same stars to Childrens Cancer Center and the Childrens Cancer Research Fund. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 9 Solicitors, who work for some nonprofit to collect donations, usually _. 10 Invit
28、ing children to participate in charity is an introduction to_. 11 You wouldnt tell someone how much money you give, and it is sufficient to give a simple note to _. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, o
29、ne or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） In a park. （ B） At a r
30、estaurant. （ C） In a barbershop. （ D） In the market. （ A） Saying goodbye to a friend. （ B） Buying a ticket for a sports event. （ C） Paying a bill at the bank. （ D） Paying a plane trip. （ A） He has no much trouble. （ B） He understands the reading last night. （ C） He understands the reading very littl
31、e. （ D） He hasnt been doing much of the reading. （ A） She will return it to the store. （ B） She will have it checked. （ C） She will refer to the book. （ D） She will have it replaced. （ A） He will go to the exhibition with her. （ B） Shed better not go to exhibition without him. （ C） He can not go wit
32、h her for the exhibition. （ D） She must know how to do with the exhibition. （ A） Pay the extra postage. （ B） Send EMS. （ C） Walt a few days to send the mail. （ D） Send the package by himself. （ A） The movie is very horrible. （ B） He likes this horror movie. （ C） This movie brought him great surprise
33、. （ D） He doesnt think highly of this movie. （ A） He had to live by himself. （ B） He must pay the rent. （ C） He spent much money. （ D） He didnt spend much money. （ A） It can not be stopped properly. （ B） The brakes got loose. （ C） It can not start up. （ D） The engine tends to die. （ A） There are ser
34、ious problems with it. （ B） The repairman is not available now. （ C） There are many cars waiting for repair. （ D） The repairman needs to check it again. （ A） Because it is far away from his home to the working place. （ B） Because he promised his son to buy a new one for him. （ C） Because he worries
35、that the old one will cause trouble during the travel. （ D） Because he has made a lot of money. （ A） She will take some lessons. （ B） She will travel in the downtown. （ C） She win attend the party. （ D） She will do the teaching job. （ A） They can not find a good math teacher. （ B） They can not pass
36、the examination. （ C） They can not meet the requirements. （ D） They can not catch up with the lessons. （ A） She asks for a leave from her professor. （ B） She finishes her examinations first. （ C） She only gives the lessons on weekend. （ D） She affords more time to the tutoring. （ A） She needs more e
37、fforts to help the students. （ B） She has made some encouraging achievements. （ C） She is lack of time for teaching. （ D） She can do nothing to help the students. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the
38、 passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） Because they are full of vitamin. （ B） Because it is easy to grow them. （ C） Because they can bring fun to people. （ D） Because they are di
39、fferent from the traditional ones. （ A） Buy the colorful seeds. （ B） Expose them in the sunlight. （ C） Grow them with the water and fertilizer. （ D） Leave them on the vine for a few weeks. （ A） Because the bean is an important food in areas of Asia. （ B） Because it has different flavor. （ C） Because
40、 the appearance is special while the taste is traditional. （ D） Because it contains more vitamin than the green bean. （ A） She pulled the company through extreme difficulties. （ B） She earned a lot of profits for the company. （ C） She proved that women are admitted into the largest companies. （ D） S
41、he proved to be the most qualified chief executive. （ A） She owned as much power as a man does in the company. （ B） She paid a lot for the power she owns. （ C） She owned much power that harmed financial performance. （ D） Her performance was beyond the power of a chief executive. （ A） Its share of co
42、mputer market has increased faster than Dell. （ B） H-P now holds the fifty percent of the market. （ C） It remains the first place of making computer printers. （ D） It is now the largest computer company in the U. S. （ A） Because it has study centers all over the country. （ B） Because its students ca
43、n be very young or very old. （ C） Because its students enter it without examinations. （ D） Because it is very different from all other universities. （ A） Receiving advice from people who guide their studies. （ B） Discussing with other students and the tutors. （ C） Attending summer classes given by p
44、rofessors. （ D） Listening to the radios and watching TV. （ A） They will receive the letters from the students. （ B） They will organize the classes. （ C） They will guide the studies. （ D） They will give the lectures about textbooks. （ A） Get grade A in each year. （ B） School results are good each yea
45、r. （ C） Three out of four subjects are passed. （ D） The study time lasts more than five years. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the s
46、econd time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 Tog
47、ether, the United States and Brazil produce more than 70% of the worlds alcohol. In the United States, alcohol is produced mostly from corn, and is also【 B1】 _with a high tax. Brazilian alcohol【 B2】 _is mainly from sugar cane. In Brazil, about 40% of all motor fuel is alcohol. Many Brazilians drive
48、flex-fuel【 B3】 _, which can use either gasoline or alcohol. As this【 B4】 _is so successful, General Motors has stopped making cars for the Brazilian market that only use gasoline. In the United States, vehicles that run on pure alcohol are【 B5】 _. But most cars can run on a mixture of gasoline and 1
49、0% alcohol. Some states require【 B6】_alcohol and gas to cut pollution. Yet the use of an important food Crop for fuel has led to【 B7】 _Alcohol now makes up about 12% of all corn use in the United States. At【 B8】_growth rates, that could nearly double by 2015. Some people worry that【 B9】_Therefore, fuel researchers are exploring additional ways to make alcohol.【 B10】_This material is known as stover. But stover protects against soil loss to wind an
