1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 543及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entitled On English Learning. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese: 1. 你认为在英语学习过程中存在的主要问 题是什么？ 2. 导致这些问题的原因有哪些？ 3. 对于解决这些问题，你有何建议？ On English
2、Learning 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given i
3、n the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Earthquakes What causes earthquakes? The earth is formed of layers. The surface of the earth, about 100 kilometers thick, is made of large
4、 pieces. When they move against each other, an earth quake happens, A large movement causes a violent earthquake, but a small movement causes a mild one. Earthquakes last only a few seconds. The rolling movements are called seismic (地震的 ) waves. The seismic waves start in one place, called the epice
5、nter (震中 ) , and roll outward. A seismic wave travels around the earth in about twenty minutes. Usually, an earthquake is strong enough to cause damage only near its epicenter. However, epicenters at the bottom of the ocean create huge sea waves as tall as 15 meters. These waves cross the ocean in s
6、everal hours. Rushing toward land, they destroy small islands and ships in their path. When they hit land, they flood coastal areas far from the epicenter of the earthquake. In 1868, a wave reached 4. 5 kilometers inland in Peru. In 1896, a wave in Japan killed 27,000 people. After an earthquake hap
7、pens, people can die from lack of food, water and medical sup plies. The amount of destruction caused by an earthquake depends on where it happens, what time it happens, and how strong it is. It also depends on types of buildings, soil conditions, and population. Of the 6,000 earthquakes in the worl
8、d each year, only about fifteen cause great damage and many deaths. In 1556, an earthquake in northern China killed 830,000 people-the most in history. There was no way to measure its strength. In 1935, scientists started using the Richter Scale to measure seismic waves. A seriously destructive eart
9、hquake measures 6.5 or higher on the Richter Scale. How can scientists predict earthquakes? Earthquakes are not just scattered anywhere but happen in certain areas, places where pieces of the earth s surface meet. This pattern causes them to shake the same places many times. For example, earthquakes
10、 often occur on the west coasts of North and South America, around the Mediterranean Sea, and along the Pacific coast of Asia. Another way to predict earthquakes is to look for changes in the earth s surface, like a sudden drop of water level in the ground. Some people say animals can predict earthq
11、uakes. Before earthquakes, people have seen chickens sitting in trees, fish jumping out of the water, snakes leaving their holes, and other animals acting strangely. On February 4, 1975, scientists predicted an earthquake in northeastern China and told people in the earthquake zone to leave the citi
12、es. More than a million people moved into the surrounding countryside, into safe, open fields away from buildings. That afternoon, the ground rolled and shook beneath the people s feet. In seconds, 90 percent of the buildings in the city of Haicheng were destroyed. The decision to tell the people to
13、 leave the cities saved 10,000 lives. However, more than a year later, on July 28,1976, the scientists were not so lucky. East of Beijing, Chinese scientists were discussing a possible earthquake. During their meeting, the worst earthquake in modern times hit. Estimates of deaths ranged from 250,000
14、 to 695,000. The earthquake measured 7.9 on the Richter Scale. Earthquakes often come together with volcanic eruptions. In late 1984, strong earthquakes began shaking the Nevado del Ruiz volcano in the Colombia every day. On November 14,1985, it erupted. A nearby river became a sea of mud that burie
15、d four towns. This disaster killed more than 2,100 people. Mexico City has frequent earthquakes. An earthquake there on September 19,1985, measured 8.1 on the Richter Scale and killed 8,100 people. Most victims died when buildings fell on them. San Francisco, California, also has frequent earthquake
16、s. However, newer buildings there are built to be safe in earthquakes. Therefore, when an earthquake measuring 7.1 on the Richter Scale hit northern California on October 17,1989, only 67 people were killed. The earth quake hit in the afternoon, when thousands of people were driving home from work.
17、Freeways and bridges broke and fell. Buried under the layers of the Oakland Freeway, people were crushed in their flattened cars. Explosions sounded like thunder as older buildings seemed to burst apart along with the freeways. As the electric power lines broke from the falling bridges and buildings
18、, the sky, covered with huge clouds of black dust, appeared to be filled with lightening. Water rushed into the streets from broken pipes and mixed with gas from broken gas lines, causing more explosions. Emergency workers had to cope with medical problems. Everyone worked together to save survivors
19、 and comfort victims. The next day, the disaster sites looked terrible. Victims couldn t find their houses, their cars, or even their streets. Boats were destroyed, and debris (残骸，碎片 ) covered the surface of the sea. There was no water, no electricity, no telephone, only the smell of garbage floatin
20、g in melted ice in refrigerators open to the sun. Losses and property damage from the earthquake amounted to millions of dollars. Seismology (地震学 ) is the study of earthquakes, and a seismologist is a scientist who observes earthquakes. Seismologists have given us valuable knowledge about earthquake
21、s. Their equipment measures the smallest vibration on the surface of the earth. They are trying to find ways to use knowledge about earthquakes to save lives and to help solve the world s energy shortage. The earth s natural activity underground creates energy in the form of heat. Geothermal means e
22、arth heat. This geothermal energy could be useful. However, if we take natural hot water out of the earth in earthquake zones, we might cause earthquakes. People live in earthquake zones because of natural beauty, productive soil, and large existing centers of population. However, people who live th
23、ere should expect earthquakes. They should be prepared to protect their lives and property. They must build safer buildings and roads. Hospitals and electric power stations must be built as far as possible from probable earth quake sites. When an earthquake starts, people must run to open ground or
24、stay in protected areas like doorways even bathtubs. If seismologists could predict earthquakes, we could save about 20,000 human lives each year. Humans can control many things about nature, but we cannot control earthquakes. 2 This passage mainly tells us the damage of earthquakes and how to predi
25、ct an earthquake in order to protect lives and property. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 Earthquakes happen periodically in certain places. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 The strength of an earthquake is usually only large enough to cause damage near its epicenter. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 There was no way to measu
26、re strength of the earthquake that killed the most people because the Richter Scale wasnt large enough to measure it. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 Most earthquakes do not cause great damage and many deaths. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 7 The earthquake that happened on July 2,196 caused many deaths because rese
27、arches of earthquakes in China were stopped then. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 8 Usually earthquakes measuring 6.5 or higher on the Richter Scale can cause serious destructions. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 9 The amount of damage caused by an earthquake depends on the place, time, strength, types of buildings, so
28、il conditions, and _. 10 Scientists can predict earthquakes by means of paying attention to places where pieces of the earth s surface meet or by _. 11 When an earthquake starts, people must nm to open ground or _. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long
29、 conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide whi
30、ch is the best answer. （ A） She admires Stevens relationship with his father. （ B） She does not know Steven or his father. （ C） Her daughter is older than Steven. （ D） She disagrees with the man. （ A） He works hard. （ B） He likes the professor. （ C） He uses his good relationship to get favors. （ D）
31、He is pleased with the professor s teaching. （ A） Relative. （ B） Roommates. （ C） Colleagues. （ D） Neighbors. （ A） Tennis shoes. （ B） Some Clothes. （ C） Nothing yet. （ D） Music record. （ A） Lend the article to Sandy. （ B） Read the article on Sunday at the earliest time. （ C） Read the article to Sandy
32、. （ D） Lend the article to the man on Sunday. （ A） He might miss it because he s very busy. （ B） He probably wont go since his favorite stars are missing. （ C） He ll definitely go though he s very busy. （ D） He ll try to make it if he is not too busy. （ A） She would like to see it for three times. （
33、 B） She can see it after three o clock. （ C） She can t see it as she is tied up all day long. （ D） She can t see it at three because she will be tired then. （ A） She doesnt often play it. （ B） She plays it whenever she can. （ C） She plays casually, not following any routine. （ D） When she has time s
34、he plays it on and off. （ A） She writes reports for them. （ B） She helps people after work. （ C） She helps them struggle with daily existences. （ D） She introduces work for them. （ A） Because they dont have support networks. （ B） Because they cannot cope with the difficulties in their lives. （ C） Be
35、cause the woman is famous for helping others. （ D） Because people from their nationality refuse to help them. （ A） They were surprised at the flavors. （ B） They could find food they know and love. （ C） There was at least one Chinese restaurant in every China town. （ D） Americans have different foods
36、. （ A） The country. （ B） Another country. （ C） Cornfield. （ D） Birmingham. （ A） He might get his passport. （ B） He might get some money and clothes. （ C） He might make himself armed. （ D） He might make a call. （ A） He will meet her in another country. （ B） They will go to another country together. （
37、 C） He will leave her in the country. （ D） He will appear somewhere near her. （ A） By air. （ B） By car. （ C） By sea. （ D） By train. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will
38、 be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） How much exercise they get every day? （ B） What they are most worried about? （ C） How long their parents accompany them daily? （ D） What entertainment they are interested
39、 in? （ A） get enough entertainment （ B） have more activities （ C） receive early education （ D） have regular checkups （ A） be no place for play （ B） be near a common area （ C） have no TV sets （ D） have a computer for study （ A） Family debts （ B） Bank savings （ C） Monthly bills （ D） Spending habits （
40、A） $190,000 （ B） $330,000 （ C） $500,000 （ D） $1,000,000 （ A） Invest into a mutual fund （ B） Use the discount tickets （ C） Quit his eating-out habit （ D） Use only paper bills and save coins （ A） Similar to a credit card （ B） Similar to a necklace （ C） Similar to a cigarette box （ D） Similar to a dres
41、sing case （ A） Young white-collar men （ B） Middle-aged white-collar men （ C） Young white-collar women （ D） Middle-aged white-collar women （ A） Canon （ B） Sony （ C） Nokia （ D） Casio （ A） Now manufacturers are seeking a combination of high-tech features and “cool“ design （ B） Those young white-collar
42、women have not been the primary buyers of digital cameras （ C） Digital technology is still a novelty nowadays. （ D） The Canon Digital PowerShot s230 camera is introduced in September, 2002. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the f
43、irst time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. Fo
44、r these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 Your【 B1】 _this term will be to write two major research papers. One of the most important things in writing a research paper is giving proper【 B2】 _for your sources of information.【 B3】 _to do this is called
45、 plagiarism(剽窃 ), which is a form of intellectual dishonesty. Plagiarism is a kind of stealing, or at least an【 B4】_borrowing of someone elses ideas. Sometimes inexperienced students will plagiarize【 B5】 _,and then be surprised when the teacher wont accept their papers or give them a failing grade.
46、The best way to avoid unintentional plagiarizing is to be very careful in gathering your information as you take notes on books or magazine articles about the topic youve selected. First, try to assimilate the information【 B6】_. Second, write it down in your own words. This is called【 B7】 _. If you
47、do a good job of paraphrasing, youll capture the main i dea from your source without actually using any phrases from it.【 B8】 _However, occasionally, you may find something you wish to quote directly in your research papers. In this case,【 B9】_That way, when you are finalizing your research papers,
48、youll be able to remember which of your notes are direct quotes,【 B10】 _You can learn to【 B11】 _. 37 【 B1】 38 【 B2】 39 【 B3】 40 【 B4】 41 【 B5】 42 【 B6】 43 【 B7】 44 【 B8】 45 【 B9】 46 【 B10】 47 【 B11】 Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select
49、 one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. 47 Participant observation also reflects anthropologys dual nature as both a scientific and a humanis
