1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 710及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: Is Frustration a Bad Thing? You should write at least 120 words following the outline given in Chinese below: 1. 有些人认为挫折是坏事； 2. 更多的人并不认为挫折是坏事； 3. 我的看法。 Is Frustrat
2、ion a Bad Thing? 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information
3、 given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 2 Sharks Sharks are amazing fish that have been around since long before the dinosaurs existed. They live in waters all over the wor
4、ld, in every ocean, and even in some rivers and lakes. Sharks and long fish Unlike bony fish, sharks have no bones; their skeleton is made of cartilage (软骨 ), which is a tough, fibrous (纤维性质的 ) substance, not nearly as hard as bone. Cartilage, a strong fibrous substance, is softer than bone; our nos
5、e and ears are made of cartilage. Sharks also have no swim bladder (鳔 ) (unlike bony fish). Size There are many different species of sharks that range in size from the size of a persons hand to bigger than a bus. The Whale shark is the largest fish in the world; the basking .shark (姥 鲨 ) is the seco
6、nd largest fish. Fully-grown sharks range in size from 7 inches long, up to 50 feet long. Most sharks are intermediate in size, and are about the same size as people, 5- 7 feet long. Half of the shark species are less than 39 inches long. Variety of sharks There are about 368 different species of sh
7、arks, which are divided into 30 families. These different families of sharks are very different in the way they look, live, and eat. They have different shapes, sizes, color, fins, teeth, habitat, diet, personality, method of reproduction, and other attributes. Some types of shark are very rare and
8、some are quite common. The spiny dogfish shark (白斑角鲨 ) is the most common shark. Body shapes Sharks have a variety of body shapes. Most sharks have streamlined (流线型的 )bodies that glide easily through the water. Some bottom-dwelling sharks have flattened bodies that allow them to hide in the sand of
9、the ocean bed. Some sharks have a long body shape. The goblin shark has a large, pointed bulge (凸出 ) on its head, and its purpose is unknown. Teeth The teeth of sharks are also striking. Sharks may have up to 3,000 teeth at one time. Most sharks do not chew their food, but swallow it down whole or i
10、n large pieces. The teeth are arranged in rows; when one tooth is damaged or lost, it is replaced by another. Most sharks have about 5 rows of teeth at any time. The front set is the largest and does most of the work. Diet Sharks vary greatly in their diets, but they are all carnivores (食肉动物 ). Some
11、 eat fish, other sharks, and marine mammals; some eat shellfish from the ocean floor; and others eat tiny bits of plankton (浮游生物 ) and small animals from the water as they swim with open mouths. They eat huge amounts of these tiny animals and plants. Shark attacks When some sharks turn aggressive pr
12、ior to an attack, they arch their back and throw back their head. They also move their tail more acutely (probably in preparation for a chase). Sharks do not normally attack people, and only about 25 species of sharks are known to attack people. Sharks attack fewer than 100 people each year. Many mo
13、re people are killed by bees or lightning. The sharks that are the most dangerous to people are the great white shark, the tiger shark, and the bull shark. The bull shark is the most frequent attacker of people as it swims in very shallow waters where people swim and is a very plentiful shark. Some
14、of the other sharks that are known to have attacked people include the gray shark, blue shark, hammerhead shark, mako shark, nurse shark, lemon shark, and blacktip reef shark. Some people believe that sharks mistake people (especially people swimming on surf boards) for seals and sea lions, some of
15、their favorite foods. Occasionally, a group of sharks will attack a food source (for example, a school of fish) in a crazy fashion. They will wildly attack the food and anything in the area, even each other, sometimes wounding or eating fellow sharks. Habitat Sharks live in oceans and seas all over
16、the world, and even in some rivers and lakes, especially in warmer waters. Some sharks live near the surface, some live deep in the water, and others live on or near the ocean floor. Pelagic (远洋的 ) sharks (living in the open ocean) include the great white shark, the basking shark, etc. Benthic shark
17、s (living at the ocean floor) like the zebra horn shark usually have flattened, camouflaged (伪装的 ) bodies that let them hide in the sea bed. Some sharks even venture many miles up into the fresh water of rivers like the Mississippi in the USA and the Amazon in Brazil. The bull shark sometimes ventur
18、es into fresh water. Migration of sharks Some sharks live in relatively warm waters (hammerheads, bull sharks, and tiger sharks). Other sharks, such as the thresher, mako, basking and blue shark, live in temperate water (which is neither hot nor cold). Others, including the dogfish, Greenland, and g
19、oblin, live in cool waters. Some sharks stay in the same region in their entire lives while others travel across oceans. There are three different types of sharks when it comes to migratory (迁移的 ) patterns: Local sharks, coastal pelagic sharks, and highly pelagic sharks. Local sharks do not migrate,
20、 and range only about a hundred miles from their habitat, coastal pelagic sharks can migrate over 1,000 miles (1,600 km), while highly pelagic sharks migrate across oceans. Evolution of sharks Sharks have existed for over 350 million years. They evolved over 100 million years before the dinosaurs di
21、d. This was long before people evolved. Most fossil evidence of early sharks is from fossilized teeth and a few skin impressions. Cladodonts, primitive sharks, had double-pointed teeth, were up to 3 feet long fish-eaters and lived about 400 million years ago. Megalodon was an ancient, meat-eating sh
22、ark, living between 25 -1.6 million years ago; it is extinct. It was over 40 feet long, but this is only an estimate from fossil teeth that have been found. Its teeth resemble those of the great white shark but are almost 3 times larger; these teeth are each the size of a persons hand! 2 What is the
23、 main idea of the passage? （ A） The passage tells us why sharks are dangerous to people. （ B） The passage tells us the habitat and migration of sharks. （ C） The passage introduces the basic information about sharks. （ D） The passage introduces the evolutional process of sharks. 3 Different from most
24、 fishes, sharks body is not upheld by _. （ A） fiber （ B） bones （ C） cartilage （ D） skeleton 4 Which of the following description about the size of sharks is TRUE? （ A） Sharks are big animals, most of them are about 50 feet long. （ B） Sharks are the largest fish, most of them are bigger than buses. （
25、 C） Most sharks are much longer than human beings. （ D） Most sharks are about the same size as human beings. 5 Which of the following sharks is the mast common shark? （ A） The whale shark. （ B） The basking shark. （ C） The spiny dogfish shark. （ D） The great white shark. 6 Sharks eat their food by _?
26、 （ A） sucking （ B） grinding （ C） chewing （ D） swallowing 7 When sharks quickly move their tail, they probably become _. （ A） friendly （ B） interested （ C） indifferent （ D） offensive 8 Why may the bull sharks attack people frequently? （ A） Because they swims in shallow waters where people swim. （ B）
27、Because they may wildly attack anything in the sea. （ C） Because human being is their favorite food. （ D） Because they are very aggressive sharks. 9 The zebra horn sharks sometimes may hide their bodies in _. 10 The sharks that move about in a fixed area about a hundred miles are called _. 11 The ea
28、rliest dinosaurs lived in the time that was about _ years from today according to the passage. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conve
29、rsation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） In bed. （ B） At her mothers. （ C） In the hospital. （ D） At the office. （ A） By plane. （ B） B
30、y car. （ C） By train. （ D） By bus. （ A） He would prefer calling her next week. （ B） He will let her decide about the next meeting. （ C） He would like to buy some refreshments for the meeting. （ D） He definitely wants to know about the meeting. （ A） 9:20. （ B） 9:26. （ C） 9:14. （ D） 9:06 （ A） He was t
31、alking in a newspaper advertisement. （ B） He was talking to a newspaper salesman. （ C） He was talking at a newspaper office. （ D） He was talking at a car dealers. （ A） It was really very cold. （ B） There was snow all winter. （ C） It snowed in December. （ D） The temperature was below zero. （ A） Somet
32、hing happened to her car. （ B） She was broken and couldnt afford the bus. （ C） She got up too late to catch the bus. （ D） Her car got stuck in the driveway. （ A） She prefers apples. （ B） Shes on a diet. （ C） There was nothing else to eat. （ D） Its only a snack. （ A） Crowded air traffic. （ B） The lar
33、ge size of airplanes. （ C） Mistakes made by air traffic controllers. （ D） Bad weather. （ A） She was found stealing in a bookstore. （ B） She caught someone in the art of stealing. （ C） She admitted having stolen something. （ D） She said she was wrongly accused of stealing. （ A） A book. （ B） $ 3,000.
34、（ C） A handbag. （ D） A Christmas card. （ A） She was questioned by the police. （ B） She was shut in a small room for 20 minutes. （ C） She was insulted by the shopper around her. （ D） She was body searched by the store manager. （ A） They refused to apologize for having followed her though the town. （
35、B） They regretted having wrongly accused her of stealing. （ C） They still suspected that she was a thief. （ D） They agreed to pay her $ 3,000 damages. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and
36、 the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） From March 25 to March 30. （ B） January 1. （ C） From March 25 to April 1. （ D） April 1. （ A） France. （ B） Scotland. （ C） England. （ D） America. （ A） In
37、 Scotland, people play jokes only in the morning. （ B） In England, April Fools Day is 48 hours long. （ C） In America, people play jokes only in the morning. （ D） In Scotland, April Fools Day is 48 hours long. （ A） Having snakes as pets. （ B） Describing the snakes. （ C） Observing the habits of snakes
38、. （ D） Finding out the origin of snake myths. （ A） This kind of snake is sold in pet stores. （ B） People like to collect this kind of snake. （ C） This kind of snake lives in cultivated areas. （ D） This kind of snake is often found inside homes. （ A） It is authentic. （ B） It is imaginative. （ C） It i
39、s complicated. （ D） It is dull. （ A） Portraits as clues to our past. （ B） Twentieth century photographers. （ C） Prominent families in recent history. （ D） A new generation of artists. （ A） Dates and names that cannot be verified. （ B） Unusual works of art. （ C） Articles written by previous historian
40、s. （ D） Significant events and influential people. （ A） They are few in numbers. （ B） They depict important historical events. （ C） They provide a lot of information about ordinary people. （ D） They conceal clues about the social role of artists. （ A） Their play things. （ B） Some money. （ C） Their r
41、elatives hands. （ D） Their shoes. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered f
42、rom 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 34 The ability to communicate using complex language and to think a
43、ctively about ones own history and future make ns as humans【 B1】 _. How did our brain? What is the【 B2】 _of language and that of cognitive and cultural human skills? Researchers want to【 B3】 _light on important aspects of human【 B4】 _. Properties of individual nerve cells are already well researched
44、 today. However, when we think, smell, feel, make plans or learn,【 B5】 _complex processes are at work in our brain; they【 B6】 _the interaction of many neurons in different areas of the brain. New imaging methods make it possible to【 B7】 _the brain as it produces cognitive results, and to【 B8】 _at wh
45、ich times areas of the brain are activated.【 B9】 _. Research is focusing on more and more complex cognitive processes and structures: how do we recognize and distinguish faces, and how is language processed in the brain?【 B10】 _? How far can these differences be traced to a different genetic backgro
46、und?【 B11】 _. That may allow the observation of the extensively branched neural networks and the development of functional organization in the brain. The goal is for smart agents to make it possible to see changes in ion and molecular concentration, both of which are involved in signaling processes.
47、 35 【 B1】 36 【 B2】 37 【 B3】 38 【 B4】 39 【 B5】 40 【 B6】 41 【 B7】 42 【 B8】 43 【 B9】 44 【 B10】 45 【 B11】 Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read
48、the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. 46 The Industrial Revolution in Britain
49、first began in the textile industry. England had been a major 【 S1】 _ of wool for centuries. Ever since the enclosures, wool and then woolen cloth had been the principal 【 S2】 _ of England. And cloth-making, though a domestic industry in the early years, had the characteristic of capitalist production which 【 S3】 _ the employer from the employee and introduced the 【 S4】 _ of labor, such as carding, spinning, weaving, fulling and dye
