1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 851及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a Letter. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese: 假设你的同学因食用从某超市买回的食品而食物中毒，后经治疗康复。请给报社写一封信，描述他 (她 )们的中毒与脱险经 过，呼吁社会各界重视食品安全 二、 Part II Reading Comprehensio
2、n (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the stateme
3、nt contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Americans and Food An unusual but timely cartoon recently appeared in the local newspaper. The single panel showed a gravel-pit operation with piles of raw earth and large cranes
4、. Next to one of the cranes stood the owner of the gravel pita grizzled, tough-looking character, hammer in hand, pointing proudly to the new sign he had just tacked up. The sign read, “Freds Fill Dirt and Croissants.“ The cartoon illustrates an interesting phenomenon: the changing food habits of Am
5、ericans. Our meals used to consist of something like home cooked pot roast, mashed potatoes laced with butter and salt, a thick slice of apple pie topped with a healthy scoop of vanilla ice creamplain, heavy meals, cooked from scratch, and eaten leisurely at home. But America has changed, and as it
6、has, so have what we Americans eat and how we eat it. We used to have simple, unsophisticated tastes and looked with suspicion at anything more exotic than a hamburger. Admittedly, we did adopt some foods from the various immigrant groups who flocked to our shores. We learned to eat croissants, thos
7、e small, sweet French bread rolls, and also Chinese food and pizza, but in the last few years, the international character of our diet has grown tremendously. We can walk into any mall in Middle America and buy Mexican food like pita bread and tacos. Such foods are of ten changed on their journey fr
8、om exotic imports to ordinary “American“ meals, but the imports are still a long way from hamburger on a bun. Why have we become more worldly in our tastes? For one thing, television blankets the country with information about new food products and trends. Viewers in rural Montana know that the late
9、st craving in Washington, D. C. is Cajun cooking and that something called tofu is now available in the local supermarket. Another reason for the growing international flavor of our food is that many young Americans have traveled abroad and gotten hooked on new tastes and flavors. Backpacking studen
10、ts and young professionals vacationing in Europe come home with a taste for authentic French bread or German beer. Finally, continuing waves of immigrants settle in the cities where many of us live, causing significant changes in what we eat. Vietnamese, Haitians, and Thais, for instance, bringing t
11、heir native foods and cooking styles with them and eventually open small markets or restaurants. In time, the new food will become Americanized enough to take its place in our national diet. Our growing concern with health has also affected the way we eat. For the last few years, the media have warn
12、ed us about the dangers of our traditional diet, high in salt and fat, low in fiber. The media also began to educate us about the dangers of processed foods pumped full of chemical additives. As a result, consumers began to demand healthier foods, and manufacturers started to change some of their pr
13、oducts. many foods, such as lunch meat, canned vegetables, and soups, were made available in low-fat, low-sodium versions. Whole-grain cereals and high-fiber breads also began to appear on the grocery shelves. Moreover, the food industry started to produce all-natural productseverything from potato
14、chips to ice creamwithout additives and preservatives. Not surprisingly, the restaurant industry responded to this switch to healthier foods, luring customers with salad bars, broiled fish, and steamed vegetables. Our food habits are being affected, too, by the rapid increase in the number of women
15、working outside the home. Sociologists and other experts believe that two important factors triggered this phenomenon: the womens movement and a changing economic climate. Women were assured that it was acceptable, even rewarding, to work outside the home; many women also discovered that they had to
16、 work just to keep up with the cost of living. As the traditional role of homemaker changed, so did the way families ate. With Mom working, there wasnt time for her to prepare the traditional three square meals a day. Instead, families began looking for alternatives to provide quick meals. What was
17、the result? For one thing, there was a boom in fast-food restaurants. The suburban or downtown strip that once contained a lone McDonalds now features Wendys, KFCs, Burger King, and Pizza Hut. Families also began to depend on frozen foods as another time-saving alternative. Once again, though, deman
18、d changed the kind of frozen food available. Frozen food no longer consist of foil trays divided into greasy fried chicken, watery corn nib lets, and lumpy mashed potatoes. Supermarkets now stock a range of supposedly tasty frozen dinners. It may not be possible to pick up a ton of fill dirt and a h
19、alf-dozen croissants at the same place, but Americas food habits are definitely changing. If it is true that“ you are what you eat,“ then Americas identity is evolving along with its diet. 2 The grizzled, tough-looking cartoon character _. （ A） warns Americans not to change their food habits （ B） il
20、lustrates that Americans are changing their food habits （ C） introduces new kinds of food to traditional American families （ D） is employed by the government to illustrate Americans food habits 3 _ contribute to Americans international taste. （ A） The various immigrant groups in America （ B） The gov
21、ernments encouragement （ C） The young peoples changes of taste （ D） The mass media ads 4 Many young Americans who have traveled abroad _. （ A） dislike traditional food more and more, so they only try exotic food （ B） love the food imported very much （ C） have changed their tastes （ D） get hooked on
22、new tastes and flavors 5 _ are examples that manufacturers meet consumers health demand. （ A） Bread and milk （ B） The imported food （ C） Whole grain cereals and high fiber breads （ D） The traditional food 6 Working women dont have enough time to prepare three meals a day so that families depend on_.
23、 （ A） traditional frozen food （ B） alternatives for quick meals （ C） fast-food restaurant （ D） supermarket 7 According to the passage, American meals at one time were _. （ A） heavy and meat based （ B） delicious and light （ C） expensive to prepare （ D） luxurious 8 _ keep(s) introducing different kind
24、s of food, which is changing Americans taste. （ A） The government （ B） The dietitians （ C） Television （ D） Young people 9 An important factor that has affected what Americans eat is increased consciousness about their _. 10 A direct result of the change in Americas economic climate was _. 11 Accordi
25、ng to the passage, the American identity is changing with the change in _. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the ques
26、tions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） In the city. （ B） In the country. （ C） Getting water. （ D） At the lake. （ A） He thought it was good. （ B） He was
27、 bored. （ C） He found it confusing. （ D） He found the figures were dear. （ A） She has to change the time for the trip. （ B） She hasnt decided where to go next month. （ C） She cant afford the time for the trip. （ D） She will manage to leave this month. （ A） Customer and salesperson. （ B） Teacher and
28、student. （ C） Boss end secretary. （ D） Guest and waitress. （ A） They were both busy doing their own work. （ B） They waited for each other at different places. （ C） They went to the street comer at different times. （ D） The man went to the concert but the woman didnt. （ A） He was not hungry. （ B） He
29、had already had his breakfast. （ C） He was too tired. （ D） He wanted to sleep a little more. （ A） The man has got office work. （ B） The man is working in an office. （ C） The man wants to get port-time office work. （ D） The man is unlucky to be an office worker. （ A） Monday, Wednesday, and Friday. （
30、B） Tuesday and Saturday. （ C） Saturday and Sunday. （ D） Tuesday and Thursday. （ A） Not use any electric appliances any more. （ B） Take part in a basketball final. （ C） Ask his neighbor to check the power. （ D） Watch a ball game on television. （ A） Visiting friends. （ B） Taking pictures. （ C） Buying
31、presents for his family. （ D） All of the above. （ A） A shirt. （ B） An alarm clock. （ C） A woolen sweater. （ D） A suitcase. （ A） Because he forgot one of his suitcases. （ B） Because he was asked to get off. （ C） Because he wanted to go out to smoke. （ D） Because he had lost his passport. （ A） Alarm c
32、locks are not allowed on board a plane. （ B） The man had a time bomb in his suitcase. （ C） The ticking of the alarm clock caused him a little trouble. （ D） The airline official and the police officer played a joke on him. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the
33、end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） Use of public transport was sliding. （ B） Retail sales were sliding. （ C） There
34、will be fewer visitors, less people going to theatres and restaurants. （ D） All of the above. （ A） 2 to 3 billion pounds. （ B） 2 to 3 million pounds. （ C） 3 to 5 billion pounds. （ D） 3 to 5 million pounds. （ A） Its cheaper. （ B） Its convenient. （ C） It has more goods than the retail shops. （ D） Its
35、dangerous to go out for shopping. （ A） Teenagers are more efficient in learning. （ B） Children learn languages more easily than adults. （ C） Adults are more logical than children. （ D） The ability to learn languages increases with age. （ A） In their teens. （ B） In their twenties. （ C） At an old age.
36、 （ D） In their thirties. （ A） Adults have more self-control than children. （ B） Adults can use logical thinking to think. （ C） Adults have more knowledge than children. （ D） Adults accept new things more easily than children. （ A） About seven million. （ B） Nearly half of the American population. （ C
37、） 25% of American people. （ D） We dont know exactly from the passage. （ A） 25%. （ B） 1/3. （ C） 50%. （ D） 40%. （ A） Because they arc older than young people. （ B） Because the young people will soon be in charge of the nation. （ C） Because the students today have strong opinions. （ D） Because the yout
38、hs ideas are important. （ A） The lives of their parents. （ B） Making a better life for all people. （ C） The trouble in American families. （ D） The strong opinions. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should list
39、en carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can ei
40、ther use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 35 Scientists in India have discovered a way to make bamboo plants produce flowers in laboratory. The British【 B1】 Nature recently reported the【 B2】 event. In the wild it can take as long as one hundred and twenty years for some kinds of
41、 bamboo to flower, and after the plant【 B3】 its seeds it dies. The bamboo plant is used in many different ways. But because it takes so long to produce seeds, scientists never【 B4】 it a traditional farm crop. The recent【 B5】 in India may change that. The【 B6】 was done at the National Chemical Labora
42、tory in India. Three scientists cut two hundred pieces from two different kinds of bamboo plants; each was a few【 B7】 long. The tiny cuttings were placed in the【 B8】 of coconuts milk, plant-growth hormone and other nutrients. Just a few weeks later, flowers began to appear.【 B9】 . Two weeks after th
43、at the plants began to produce seeds.【 B10】 . One of them had not put the bamboo seeds in soil, but he believes they will produce plants. The Indian scientists now are planning experiments to see【 B11】 . Bamboo reproduces in two ways. It flowers and produces seeds. It also produces new growth from i
44、ts roots. Bamboo plants growing from its roots are called ZhuSun in China. Bamboo shoots are dug up and replanted in the field. Farmers harvest the leaves. They feed them to their animals. 35 【 B1】 36 【 B2】 37 【 B3】 38 【 B4】 39 【 B5】 40 【 B6】 41 【 B7】 42 【 B8】 43 【 B9】 44 【 B10】 45 【 B11】 Section A
45、Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Ple
46、ase mark the corresponding letter for each item with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. 45 It is easier to negotiate initial salary requirement. Because once you are inside, the【 S1】_constraints influence wage increases. One thing, however,
47、 is certain: Your chances of getting the raise you feel you deserve are less if you dont at least ask for it. Men tend to ask for more, and they get more, and this【 S2】 _true with other resources, not just pay increases. It would be nice if we all received【 S3】 _pay increases equal to our merit, but
48、 “nice“ isnt a quality【 S4】 _to most organizations. If you feel you deserve a significant raise in pay, youll【 S5】 _have to ask for it. 【 S6】 _is your best bargaining chip when you are seeking a raise. You must be able to【 S7】 _that you deserve a raise.【 S8】 _is also a good bargaining chip. If you c
49、an give your boss something he or she needs (a new client or a sizable contract, for example) just before merit pay decisions are being made, you are more【 S9】 _to get the raise you want. Use information as a bargaining chip too. Find out what you are worth on the open market. What will someone else pay for your services? Go into the negotiations prepared to place your chips on the table at the【 S10】 _time and prepared to use com
